Question 1

A feeling of deprivation about existing social relations is called

Accepted Answer

Loneliness is the feeling of deprivation about existing social relations, reflecting a discrepancy between desired and actual social connections.

Question 2

Using MRI techniques, researchers have observed that, when they are exposed to pictures of strangers, shy people exhibit

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is involved in processing emotions, including fear and anxiety. Shy people tend to exhibit greater activity in the amygdala when exposed to social stimuli like pictures of strangers, reflecting heightened emotional responses compared to those who are more bold or extroverted.

Question 3

When Kulik and others (1994) gave people who were about to soak their hand in ice water a choice about who to wait with prior to the painful task, they found that the participants preferred to wait

Accepted Answer

Participants preferred to wait with someone who had already done the task, likely because they could provide information, empathy, or support based on their experience.

Question 4

Though they had all been together on the transcontinental flight for three hours, the passengers didn't start to talk to one another until the plane ran into some serious turbulence. This behavior is best explained by the

Accepted Answer

The tendency for external threat to increase affiliation explains why the passengers started to talk to one another during turbulence. Facing a common threat or stressful situation can lead people to seek out others for comfort and support.

Question 5

Based on his research on people facing imminent threat, Schachter summed up that

Accepted Answer

Schachter's research concluded that people in distress or facing imminent threats prefer the company of others who are in a similar emotional state, hence the phrase "misery loves miserable company." This suggests that individuals seek out others who can understand and share their feelings of distress.

Question 6

According to Statista, the average number of Facebook friends for people between the age of 12 and 17 in 2016 was

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Statista, the average number of...

Question 7

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the human need for affiliation?

Accepted Answer

People have a psychological need to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance among their social groups, whether these groups are large or small. This leads to a motivation to strike a balance between solitude and social interaction, which varies greatly among individuals.

Question 8

Rita, a student, enjoys spending time with her friends and classmates. She can establish friendships very quickly and has a strong desire to maintain social contact with others. Rita has

Accepted Answer

Rita's behavior of quickly establishing friendships and her strong desire to maintain social contact with others indicates a high need for affiliation. This need is characterized by the desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is most consistent with the idea that we are attracted to others with whom a relationship is rewarding?

Accepted Answer

The statement that Tina likes Tony because he smiles at her and compliments her is most consistent with the idea that we are attracted to others with whom a relationship is rewarding. Smiling and complimenting are rewarding behaviors that can increase attraction.

Question 10

Terrence has a network of close social ties. In comparison to individuals lacking such a network, research suggests that he will

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that individuals with a strong network of social ties are less likely to die prematurely. This is attributed to the emotional, psychological, and sometimes physical support that a robust social network provides, which can contribute to better health outcomes and longevity.

Question 11

Derek is informed that as part of his fraternity initiation he must sing the school fight song as loudly as he can while standing on the roof of the fraternity house in his underwear. He is then given the choice to await his turn alone or with the girls from the neighboring sorority. Which of the following is most likely?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Derek is informed that as part of...

Question 12

The evolutionary perspective on attraction suggests that people prefer mates who

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary perspective on attraction emphasizes the importance of traits that enhance reproductive success, such as those that favor the conception and birth of offspring.

Question 13

Two groups of college students are on a boat together travelling from Greece to Italy. For the first six hours of the trip, the students did not associate with each other. When the ship hits a severe storm and the captain orders everyone to take precautions, the students begin to talk to each other and bond. This is most consistent with the proposal of

Accepted Answer

Rofé's proposal suggests that stress and anxiety can lead to increased social interaction and bonding as individuals seek support and comfort from others during challenging situations.

Question 14

Shari is a 42-year-old woman who has wanted to find a husband for many years. She has had several successful dating relationships, but they never seem to "go the distance." In addition, Shari does not have a true "best friend" to rely on in times of personal distress. Shari is likely experiencing ____ loneliness.

Accepted Answer

Intimate loneliness refers to the lack of a close confidant or a best friend, which aligns with Shari's situation of not having a true "best friend" to rely on.

Question 15

Participants in a study by O'Connor and Rosenblood (1996) indicated about every hour whether they were alone or with others and whether they wanted to be alone or with others. The results of this study revealed that

Accepted Answer

The study found that participants were usually in their desired social state, whether they wanted to be alone or with others.

Question 16

Baumeister and Leary (1995) suggest that humans have a fundamental drive to have at least a minimum number of lasting, positive, and significant interpersonal relationships with others. They refer to this as the

Accepted Answer

Baumeister and Leary (1995) describe this fundamental drive as the "need to belong," which emphasizes the human desire for meaningful and enduring relationships.

Question 17

Individuals who suffer from social anxiety disorder are likely to

Accepted Answer

Individuals with social anxiety disorder often experience intense discomfort or fear in situations where they are subject to the attention or scrutiny of others, such as speaking in public or attending social gatherings. This can lead to avoidance of such situations or enduring them with significant distress.

Question 18

Which loneliness is felt when someone wants but lacks friendships from work, school, or family connections?

Accepted Answer

Relational loneliness is experienced when an individual desires but lacks meaningful connections and friendships in their social environments, such as work, school, or family.

Question 19

Rofé (1984) argued that stress increases the desire to affiliate only when

Accepted Answer

Rofé (1984) suggested that stress increases the desire to affiliate with others primarily when being with others can potentially reduce the negative impact of the stressful situation. This concept aligns with the idea that social support and shared understanding can mitigate stress effects.

Question 20

Support for the idea of the "sociostat" (social thermostat) is provided by the finding that rats

Accepted Answer

The concept of a "sociostat" suggests that social behavior is regulated to maintain an optimal level of social contact. The finding that rats are less likely to approach other rats after prolonged contact supports this idea, as it indicates a mechanism to reduce social interaction when it becomes excessive.

Quiz 9: Attraction and Close Relationships