Question 1

Shawn's leg has fallen asleep and now he has trouble walking because he cannot determine the position of his leg in space. Shawn has lost his ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Kinesthetic perception refers to the ability to sense the position and movement of the body parts in space. Losing this ability can cause difficulty in walking or performing movements that require coordination. The other options (sense of equilibrium, olfactory perception, and sense of gustation) do not relate to Shawn's symptoms.

Question 2

Little Erika picks up a spider, carries it to her mother, and asks, "Mommy, what is this little, soft, cuddly thing?" Little Erika's inability to recognize what the spider is or the potential danger of picking it up demonstrates that perception is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Little Erika picks up a spider, carries...

Question 3

As soon as Rashidat catches a whiff of the cologne of the woman sitting in front of him in class, he is attracted to her. Though she is a complete stranger, her smell is familiar. He is unable to place the smell, but it brings back good memories. Why? ​

Accepted Answer

The olfactory bulb has strong connections to the amygdala, which is a brain region involved in memory and emotion. Therefore, the smell of the woman's cologne may have triggered memories and positive emotions in Rashidat.

Question 4

If sensation equals raw data, then perception equals ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Perception involves analyzing and interpreting raw sensory data to make sense of it and give it meaning.

Question 5

During an intense game of volleyball, Shay slipped and banged her knee on the floor. "Ouch!" she cried, as she wishes her brain would produce more ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Endorphins are the body's natural painkillers and can help to reduce the discomfort that Shay is feeling after banging her knee on the floor during the volleyball game.

Question 6

In his Pilates class, Ben's instructor explains how to change focus away from the external world and instead focus on the internal senses. In other words, his instructor is asking the class to pay attention to their ____ senses. ​

Accepted Answer

The proprioceptive sense is responsible for perceiving the position, movement, and orientation of the body. Focusing on this internal sense can help individuals become more aware of their body and how it moves, which is a key aspect of Pilates practice. The other choices, exteroceptive, olfactory, and gustational senses, relate to perception of external stimuli such as touch, smell, and taste, respectively, and are not directly relevant to Pilates practice.

Question 7

Dyanna is meeting her friends at the football game. When she arrives late at the stadium, she automatically looks for a cluster of people wearing colorful jester hats. Dyanna is relying on ____to find her friends more easily. ​

Accepted Answer

Dyanna is using the grouping principle of common fate, as she is looking for a cluster of people wearing the same distinctive hats (jester hats) to locate her friends.

Question 8

When Clyde is pricked by a needle, the sharp pain signal is carried to the brain by ____fibers. The next day, Clyde feels a dull ache around the spot where he was pricked; this information is carried by ____ fibers ​

Accepted Answer

A-delta fibers are responsible for carrying sharp pain signals, while C fibers carry dull or aching sensations. Therefore, option A) A-delta; C is the correct answer.

Question 9

During a war, soldiers wear camouflage clothing to avoid being perceived by enemies. The perceptual cue that is being manipulated in this case is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Figure-ground discrimination refers to the ability to distinguish a figure from its background. In this scenario, soldiers are using camouflage clothing to blend in with their surroundings and avoid being perceived as a figure by the enemy, thus manipulating the perceptual cue of figure-ground discrimination.

Question 10

Doctor Payne, a dentist, is trying to decide if he should explain to his patients the kind of pain they will endure before performing certain procedures. According to your text, if Doctor Payne does this, the patients will be more likely to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

According to the text, if Doctor Payne explains the kind of pain his patients will experience before certain procedures, the patients are more likely to cognitively prepare for the pain and object less to it. They may also have less anxiety and find it easier to focus on pleasant distractions during the procedure. However, it is not mentioned whether they will report a higher degree of pain or release endorphins to block the painful experience.

Question 11

Which statement about the taste buds is correct? ​

Accepted Answer

Each taste bud is composed of different types of taste cells, and each type of taste cell responds best to one or two types of taste (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, or umami). However, each taste cell also has the ability to respond, albeit weakly, to other tastes. So, each taste bud can detect multiple tastes, but each individual cell within the taste bud specializes in detecting one or two taste qualities.

Question 12

While randomly searching through Wikipedia, you read an article on the cutaneous senses. You now understand that the cutaneous senses consist of all of the following except ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The cutaneous senses consist of touch, temperature, and pain. Flavor is a sense associated with taste, which is not a part of the cutaneous senses.

Question 13

After falling from his perch, the Scarecrow has difficulty sensing where his body parts are in relation to each other. This makes it difficult for him to move easily, but eventually he is able to adapt, thanks to special cells in his joints and muscles called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The special cells responsible for sensing the position and movement of our body parts are called proprioceptors. Therefore, the best choice out of the options given is D.

Question 14

You are walking across campus and you notice an odor that is coming from livestock in the area. Due to neural pathways, the smell is most likely to evoke a(n)____. ​

Accepted Answer

The sense of smell is strongly linked to the limbic system which is responsible for emotions and memory formation. This means that the odor of livestock is most likely to evoke an emotional response rather than a visual, auditory, or balance-related response.

Question 15

After riding several roller coasters, you find that you feel nauseous. You feel the nausea because your ____ has been overstimulated. ​

Accepted Answer

The sense of equilibrium, or balance, helps us maintain our body's position and orientation in space. When we ride roller coasters, there are sudden changes in our body's position and movement, which can overstimulate the sense of equilibrium and lead to feelings of nausea. Gustation (taste) and analgesia (pain relief) are not relevant to this situation, and while kinesthetic perception may play a role in how we experience the ride, it is not the primary cause of the nausea.

Question 16

"While watching a crowd of people, one does not focus on individual colors, movements, and shapes. Instead, one perceives the event as a whole." This statement has most likely been made by a ____. ​

Accepted Answer

This statement aligns with the Gestalt psychology perspective which focuses on the perception of whole patterns and structures, rather than breaking them down into individual elements.

Question 17

After smashing his foot, Gwo-Ling feels no pain because messages from his brain block incoming pain messages. This effect is called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the scenario is analgesia, a decrease or absence of pain sensation. This occurs when the brain releases endorphins or other natural painkillers that block pain messages from entering the nervous system. The other options (b, c, and d) do not accurately describe the scenario.

Question 18

While watching a Food Network marathon, you learn from Rachel Ray that papillae are groups of ____ that play an important role in taste perception. ​

Accepted Answer

Papillae are small bumps on the tongue that house taste buds, which contain receptors that detect the different types of tastes (sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami). Therefore, A) receptors are the best choice for completing the sentence. B) and C) are incorrect because they are not directly related to taste perception, and D) refers to a type of nerve fiber, which is not specific to taste perception.

Question 19

Which effect most likely causes astronauts to become nauseated in space? ​

Accepted Answer

The vestibular system is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation, including sensing which way is down. In microgravity, the vestibular system becomes confused, leading to feelings of nausea and disorientation.

Question 20

While at a party, you notice an attractive person staring at you. According to principles of perceptual organization, you are likely to focus on this attractive person as the ____ and relegate other people at the party to be the ____. ​

Accepted Answer

According to principles of perceptual organization, we tend to perceive a figure (in this case, the attractive person staring at us) as being distinct from the ground (the other people at the party). This means that we will focus on the figure and relegate the ground to being the background.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

Shawn's leg has fallen asleep and now he has trouble walking because he cannot determine the position of his leg in space. Shawn has lost his ____.

Little Erika picks up a spider, carries it to her mother, and asks, "Mommy, what is this little, soft, cuddly thing?" Little Erika's inability to recognize what the spider is or the potential danger of picking it up demonstrates that perception is ____.

As soon as Rashidat catches a whiff of the cologne of the woman sitting in front of him in class, he is attracted to her. Though she is a complete stranger, her smell is familiar. He is unable to place the smell, but it brings back good memories. Why?

If sensation equals raw data, then perception equals ____.

During an intense game of volleyball, Shay slipped and banged her knee on the floor. "Ouch!" she cried, as she wishes her brain would produce more ____.

In his Pilates class, Ben's instructor explains how to change focus away from the external world and instead focus on the internal senses. In other words, his instructor is asking the class to pay attention to their ____ senses.

Dyanna is meeting her friends at the football game. When she arrives late at the stadium, she automatically looks for a cluster of people wearing colorful jester hats. Dyanna is relying on ____to find her friends more easily.

When Clyde is pricked by a needle, the sharp pain signal is carried to the brain by fibers. The next day, Clyde feels a dull ache around the spot where he was pricked; this information is carried by fibers

During a war, soldiers wear camouflage clothing to avoid being perceived by enemies. The perceptual cue that is being manipulated in this case is ____.

Doctor Payne, a dentist, is trying to decide if he should explain to his patients the kind of pain they will endure before performing certain procedures. According to your text, if Doctor Payne does this, the patients will be more likely to ____.

Which statement about the taste buds is correct?

While randomly searching through Wikipedia, you read an article on the cutaneous senses. You now understand that the cutaneous senses consist of all of the following except ____.

After falling from his perch, the Scarecrow has difficulty sensing where his body parts are in relation to each other. This makes it difficult for him to move easily, but eventually he is able to adapt, thanks to special cells in his joints and muscles called ____.

You are walking across campus and you notice an odor that is coming from livestock in the area. Due to neural pathways, the smell is most likely to evoke a(n) ____.

After riding several roller coasters, you find that you feel nauseous. You feel the nausea because your ____ has been overstimulated.

"While watching a crowd of people, one does not focus on individual colors, movements, and shapes. Instead, one perceives the event as a whole." This statement has most likely been made by a ____.

After smashing his foot, Gwo-Ling feels no pain because messages from his brain block incoming pain messages. This effect is called ____.

While watching a Food Network marathon, you learn from Rachel Ray that papillae are groups of ____ that play an important role in taste perception.

Which effect most likely causes astronauts to become nauseated in space?

While at a party, you notice an attractive person staring at you. According to principles of perceptual organization, you are likely to focus on this attractive person as the and relegate other people at the party to be the .