Question 1

Lu Xun saw the Confucian family as a "____" system.

Accepted Answer

Lu Xun, a leading figure of modern Chinese literature, often criticized traditional Chinese society and ideologies, including Confucianism. He metaphorically described the Confucian family system as a "man-eating" society, highlighting its oppressive and stifling nature.

Question 2

Chiang's "New Life Movement" was an effort to

Accepted Answer

Chiang's "New Life Movement" aimed to promote Confucian social ethics in Chinese society, while rejecting Western capitalist values of excessive greed and individualism. The movement emphasized the importance of moral education, hygiene, and physical fitness to improve the character of Chinese citizens.

Question 3

The main focus of Chinese intellectuals' assault on the old system and values was the Confucian concept of

Accepted Answer

The main focus of Chinese intellectuals' assault on the old system and values was the Confucian concept of the family. They criticized the rigid hierarchy and patriarchal structure of Confucianism and called for greater individualism and equality within the family unit. This critique was part of a broader movement towards modernization and Westernization in China during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Question 4

After World War I

Accepted Answer

After World War I, Ibn Saud established the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Question 5

In an effort to find allies in a hostile world, Lenin

Accepted Answer

Lenin saw colonial nationalist movements as potential allies in his efforts to overthrow imperialist regimes. He believed that these movements shared similar goals and could work together to achieve them. Lenin's support for anti-colonial movements was a key aspect of his foreign policy and the Comintern played a role in promoting this strategy.

Question 6

By the mid-1930s

Accepted Answer

As the mid-1930s approached, Chinese urbanites were becoming more Westernized in their fashions and social practices. However, a large percentage of rural Chinese still clung to traditional ways, such as Confucian beliefs and practices. Therefore, option D is the best choice as it reflects the divide between urban and rural Chinese attitudes towards tradition and modernity. Options A, B, C, and E are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the social and political situation in China during the mid-1930s.

Question 7

Where did a famous alliance between communist and nationalist parties in the 1920s take place?

Accepted Answer

The famous alliance between communist and nationalist parties in the 1920s took place in China, particularly between the Communist Party of China and the Nationalist Party, also known as the Kuomintang.

Question 8

To avoid eradication by Chiang's army, Mao led his PLA from South China to the North China town of Yan'an. This journey has come to be called the

Accepted Answer

Mao led his forces on a long and difficult journey of approximately 6,000 miles from South China to Yan'an, in the north of the country. This trek is known as the Long March.

Question 9

In the Middle East during the interwar period,

Accepted Answer

The massive oil discovery at Dhahran in 1938 was a major development for Saudi Arabia, as it transformed the country from an area of chronic poverty to one of unexpected national affluence. This discovery had significant economic and political implications for the region, as it led to the creation of a powerful Saudi state and also increased the influence of Western powers in the Middle East.

Question 10

During the New Culture era, radical reformists tended to see traditional culture as

Accepted Answer

Radical reformists during the New Culture era saw traditional culture as a tool of feudal oppression, which needed to be completely uprooted and replaced with new, progressive ideas and practices. They believed that traditional culture was responsible for holding China back and preventing it from modernizing and keeping pace with the rest of the world.

Question 11

What was the Bolsheviks primary instrument for spreading the message of Marxism beyond Europe?

Accepted Answer

The Comintern, also known as the Communist International, was a global organization created by the Bolsheviks in 1919 with the goal of spreading and coordinating communist revolution throughout the world. It aimed to support communist parties outside of Europe, including in countries such as China, India, and Latin America, by providing political and financial support, conducting propaganda, and organizing uprisings. The Comintern played a significant role in the spread of Marxism beyond Europe.

Question 12

The New Culture Movement at Peking University

Accepted Answer

The New Culture Movement at Peking University advocated for the study of science, democracy, and "new" and largely Western ideas, while rejecting traditional Confucian concepts. The movement aimed to modernize China and break away from traditional values and customs.

Question 13

In 1929, Chiang Kai-shek founded a new Chinese republic at

Accepted Answer

Chiang Kai-shek founded a new Chinese republic in Nanjing in 1929.

Question 14

The so-called "May Fourth Movement" was

Accepted Answer

The May Fourth Movement was a series of protests and demonstrations in China in 1919 in response to the decision of the Treaty of Versailles to award Germany's sphere of influence in Shandong province to Japan instead of China. It was led by Chinese students and intellectuals who were calling for modernization and reform to make China stronger and more competitive in the world. The movement is seen as a turning point in modern Chinese history and had significant political and cultural consequences.

Question 15

Overall, revolutionary Marxism had its greatest impact outside of Europe in

Accepted Answer

Revolutionary Marxism had a significant impact in China, where it played a crucial role in the establishment of the Communist Party of China and the foundation of the People's Republic of China. Marxism also greatly influenced Mao Zedong's ideology, which had a major impact on the course of Chinese history. While Marxism did have some impact in India, Japan, Mexico, and Brazil, it was not as influential as it was in China.

Question 16

Which of these changes was accomplished during the Taisho democracy?

Accepted Answer

During the Taisho democracy, all Japanese men got the vote. However, the other options are incorrect as not all adults got the vote, the old oligarchy was not permanently shattered, the emperor was not made to step down, and political conflict still existed albeit at a lower level.

Question 17

The New Life Movement

Accepted Answer

The New Life Movement rejected excessive individualism and materialism, emphasizing the importance of moral values and social responsibility. It was not supported by the Communist Party and did not call for Westernizing reforms or vilify Confucian values. It did not come close to toppling the government.

Question 18

According to the Balfour Declaration,

Accepted Answer

The Balfour Declaration declared Britain's support for "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people." It did not address the issue of Arab independence or the presence of Muslims in Palestine.

Question 19

During the 1920s

Accepted Answer

During the 1920s, the Communist Party of China (CCP) received advice from the Communist International (Comintern) to form an alliance with the Nationalists, which they did in 1923. This alliance was known as the First United Front, and aimed to unite the various factions in China against the warlords and foreign imperialism. Sun Yat-sen was still alive at this time, but he did not ally with the CCP until later on. Mao Zedong was not yet a prominent leader in the 1920s, and the Nanjing Republic was not established until 1927. The return to Confucian values did not occur during this time period.

Question 20

Prior to seizing power in Iran, Reza Khan was a/an

Accepted Answer

Reza Khan was an army officer before he seized power in Iran.

Quiz 24: Nationalism, Revolution, and Dictatorship: Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America From 1919 to 1939