Question 1

The number of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD)is greater among men than women. ​

Accepted Answer

Although men have a higher risk of heart attack, especially at a younger age, overall, more women die from cardiovascular disease (CVD) each year when considering the total population, including older age groups where the incidence in women surpasses that in men.

Question 2

The four classic risk factors for CHD are:

Accepted Answer

The four classic risk factors for CHD are smoking, high LDL, high blood pressure, and diabetes. While age, gender, family history, and diet can also contribute to CHD risk, they are not included in the classic risk factors. Additionally, high HDL is actually a protective factor against CHD, rather than a risk factor.

Question 3

The primary blood cholesterol linked to increased CHD risk is:

Accepted Answer

LDL, or low-density lipoprotein, is the primary blood cholesterol linked to increased CHD (coronary heart disease) risk. High levels of LDL can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, narrowing them and increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. While HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is known as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, it is not considered the primary risk factor for CHD. Triglycerides and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) are other types of blood lipids that can contribute to CHD risk, but their relationship is not as well-established as that of LDL. Homocysteine is not a type of cholesterol or blood lipid, but rather an amino acid that may increase the risk of CHD when levels are elevated.

Question 4

Deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart can cause a myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

Deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart can cause a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction. This occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually by a blood clot, leading to damage or death of the heart muscle.

Question 5

Atherosclerosis is dangerous to arterial function because:

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of the artery, making it easier to be obstructed by a clot, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke.

Question 6

Adaptive utensils and adequate training enable some people with feeding disabilities to be independent. ​

Accepted Answer

Adaptive utensils and adequate training can provide support and assistance to people with feeding disabilities, allowing them to be self-sufficient in mealtimes.

Question 7

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively referred to as _____ diseases. ​

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular diseases include any conditions that affect the heart or blood vessels, such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, hypertension, and stroke. The other choices are either too specific (coronary artery, coronary heart, ischemic heart) or do not encompass all types of heart and blood vessel diseases (pulmonary-cardio).

Question 8

Cottage cheese, American cheese, and parmesan cheese should be avoided by a person who needs to restrict their sodium intake. ​

Accepted Answer

Cottage cheese, American cheese, and parmesan cheese are high in sodium and should be avoided by people who need to restrict their sodium intake.

Question 9

The risk of atherosclerosis increases with all of these factors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Exercise is actually a protective factor against the development of atherosclerosis. Regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight, lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and improve overall cardiovascular health.

Question 10

Ischemia refers to a deficiency of blood and oxygen delivery to the tissues. ​

Accepted Answer

Ischemia occurs when there is inadequate blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues, which can lead to tissue damage and injury.

Question 11

The most common cause of an aneurysm is high blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

The most common cause of an aneurysm is atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the artery walls, although high blood pressure can contribute to the risk.

Question 12

Which statement is representative of atherosclerosis? ​

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis is a condition where arteries become narrow and hardened due to buildup of plaque, restricting blood flow to organs, increasing risk for heart attacks, strokes and other related conditions. It can affect almost any organ in the body as it interferes with blood supply.

Question 13

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis . ​

Accepted Answer

Elevated homocysteine is considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis, not a direct cause. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, but the causal relationship is complex and involves other factors.

Question 14

Coronary heart disease (CHD)is the leading cause of death in the United States. ​

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in the United States.

Question 15

Of the dietary lipids, cholesterol has the strongest effect on blood cholesterol levels. ​

Accepted Answer

Saturated and trans fats have a stronger effect on raising blood cholesterol levels than dietary cholesterol itself.

Question 16

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease. ​

Accepted Answer

Individuals with total blood cholesterol levels above 240 mg/dL are considered at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).

Question 17

The accumulation of fatty deposits, smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue on arterial walls form:

Accepted Answer

The accumulation of fatty deposits, smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue on arterial walls form plaque.

Question 18

Several of the major risk factors for CHD can be modified by diet and lifestyle. ​

Accepted Answer

Diet and lifestyle choices such as healthy eating, regular physical activity, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help to modify several major risk factors for CHD, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes.

Question 19

The primary dietary recommendation for heart failure is protein restriction. ​

Accepted Answer

The primary dietary recommendation for heart failure is not protein restriction. In fact, adequate protein intake is important for maintaining muscle mass and preventing malnutrition in heart failure patients. Instead, the dietary recommendations for heart failure typically include limiting sodium intake, increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables, and monitoring fluid intake.

Question 20

The formation of plaque is:

Accepted Answer

Plaque formation is an inflammatory response in which cholesterol, fat, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries. This can lead to atherosclerosis and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. High blood pressure can exacerbate this process, but it is not the sole cause of plaque formation. Plaque can also form in larger blood vessels, not just in the heart.

Quiz 22: Fat-Controlled, Mineral-Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

The number of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD)is greater among men than women. ​

The four classic risk factors for CHD are:

The primary blood cholesterol linked to increased CHD risk is:

Deprivation of oxygen and nutrients to the heart can cause a myocardial infarction.

Atherosclerosis is dangerous to arterial function because:

Adaptive utensils and adequate training enable some people with feeding disabilities to be independent. ​

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively referred to as _____ diseases. ​

Cottage cheese, American cheese, and parmesan cheese should be avoided by a person who needs to restrict their sodium intake. ​

The risk of atherosclerosis increases with all of these factors EXCEPT:

Ischemia refers to a deficiency of blood and oxygen delivery to the tissues. ​

The most common cause of an aneurysm is high blood pressure.

Which statement is representative of atherosclerosis? ​

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis . ​

Coronary heart disease (CHD)is the leading cause of death in the United States. ​

Of the dietary lipids, cholesterol has the strongest effect on blood cholesterol levels. ​

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease. ​

The accumulation of fatty deposits, smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue on arterial walls form:

Several of the major risk factors for CHD can be modified by diet and lifestyle. ​

The primary dietary recommendation for heart failure is protein restriction. ​

The formation of plaque is:

The number of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD)is greater among men than women.

Adaptive utensils and adequate training enable some people with feeding disabilities to be independent.

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively referred to as _____ diseases.

Cottage cheese, American cheese, and parmesan cheese should be avoided by a person who needs to restrict their sodium intake.

Ischemia refers to a deficiency of blood and oxygen delivery to the tissues.

Which statement is representative of atherosclerosis?

Researchers have determined that elevated homocysteine is a known cause of atherosclerosis .

Coronary heart disease (CHD)is the leading cause of death in the United States.

Of the dietary lipids, cholesterol has the strongest effect on blood cholesterol levels.

Individuals with total blood cholesterol above _____ mg/dL are at high risk for CHD disease.

Several of the major risk factors for CHD can be modified by diet and lifestyle.

The primary dietary recommendation for heart failure is protein restriction.