Question 1

Any time a muscle contracts, it produces an electrical current, which will be detected as a(n) ____ by the ECG.

Accepted Answer

An electromyographic signal is an electrical current produced by muscle contractions and can be detected by an ECG. The other choices (physiologic artifact, nonphysiologic artifact, and muscle artifact) may also be detected by an ECG, but they do not specifically refer to the electrical current produced by muscle contractions.

Question 2

Even with the use of three limb leads, Einthoven's ECG was only able to view the frontal plane and the inferior and lateral wall of the heart.

Accepted Answer

Einthoven's ECG only used three leads to view the frontal plane and the inferior and lateral wall of the heart, and did not provide a complete view of the heart's electrical activity from all angles.

Question 3

The elderly tend to have a lower frequency of acute myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. The elderly population actually has a higher frequency of acute myocardial infarction.

Question 4

The presence of Q waves in the face of concurrent ST elevation speaks to the evolution of the infarction and may indicate that an MI has been in progress for several hours.

Accepted Answer

Q waves appear on an ECG after the infarction has been going on for several hours and indicate that myocardial tissue has been irreversibly damaged. Concurrent ST elevation indicates that the infarction is ongoing. Therefore, the presence of Q waves with concurrent ST elevation suggests that an MI has been in progress for several hours.

Question 5

The mnemonic used for treating suspected acute myocardial infarction is MONA (Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, and Aspirin); this also indicates the order of treatment.

Accepted Answer

MONA represents components used in the initial management of suspected acute myocardial infarction, but it does not dictate the specific order of treatment. The priority and order can vary based on the patient's condition and current medical guidelines.

Question 6

A 12-lead ECG is printed in a standard four column format.

Accepted Answer

A standard 12-lead ECG is typically printed in a four-column format, where each column represents a different set of leads to provide a comprehensive view of the heart's electrical activity.

Question 7

Leads I, aVL, V5, and V6 have the negative electrode located on or beneath the left arm.

Accepted Answer

Leads I, aVL, V5, and V6 have the positive electrode located on or near the left arm, not the negative electrode.

Question 8

Death from acute myocardial infarction remains a leading reason for mortality in the United States despite advances in medicine.

Accepted Answer

Despite advances in medicine, death from acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) remains a leading reason for mortality in the United States.

Question 9

Because the Einthoven limb leads required two leads which measured the current difference between the leads' electrodes, they were-and still are-referred to as ____ leads.

Accepted Answer

The Einthoven limb leads measure the voltage difference between two electrodes, and are used in a bipolar configuration. Therefore, they are referred to as bipolar leads.

Question 10

The primary mission of all Paramedics has always been to prevent sudden cardiac death from ____.

Accepted Answer

Sudden cardiac death is most commonly caused by dysrhythmia, which is the abnormal beating of the heart. As such, the primary mission of paramedics is to recognize and treat dysrhythmias in order to prevent sudden cardiac death.

Question 11

If untreated, acute coronary syndrome can lead to fatal heart attacks.

Accepted Answer

Untreated acute coronary syndrome can lead to fatal heart attacks due to the blockage or narrowing of blood vessels in the heart, which can cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle. Prompt medical attention and treatment is necessary to prevent serious complications and improve outcomes.

Question 12

Wilson's unipolar precordial ____ leads encircled the anterior ventricular wall from the septal wall on the right to the lateral wall on the left and permitted a complete view of the anterior myocardium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wilson's unipolar precordial ____ leads encircled the...

Question 13

The isolated appearance of a RRWP should be taken to mean that the patient is having an anterior wall MI.

Accepted Answer

RRWP (Rightward R Wave Progression) can be seen in various conditions, not exclusively in anterior wall myocardial infarction (MI). It can be observed in right ventricular hypertrophy, right bundle branch block, and other cardiac or non-cardiac conditions.

Question 14

All Paramedics should obtain an initial baseline 12-lead ECG as soon as possible, and thereafter, serial 12-lead ECGs should be performed every ____ for the first two hours of patient contact.

Accepted Answer

Serial 12-lead ECGs should be performed every 15 to 30 minutes for the first two hours of patient contact to monitor for changes in the patient's cardiac status. This can help identify acute coronary syndromes or other cardiac problems that require immediate intervention.

Question 15

The early ECG machines were intended to monitor the rhythm only.

Accepted Answer

Early ECG machines were not capable of measuring other parameters such as cardiac output or blood pressure. They were designed to monitor the heart rhythm only.

Question 16

National standards have encouraged rapid intervention, less than 60 minutes, from arrival at the emergency department to balloon inflation in a cardiac catheterization lab for patients with a suspected STEMI.

Accepted Answer

The answer of National standards have encouraged rapid intervention, less...

Question 17

Wilson's precordial leads measure the ECG potentials across the anterior wall of the right ventricle.

Accepted Answer

Wilson's precordial leads (V1-V6) are placed on the chest to record the electrical activity of the heart from different angles, primarily focusing on the left ventricle, not specifically the anterior wall of the right ventricle.

Question 18

It is important that the gel on an electrode be moist.

Accepted Answer

The gel on an electrode needs to be moist to ensure good conductivity and to prevent skin irritation or burns.

Question 19

The primary value of a Paramedic-obtained 12-lead ECG in the field is the identification of myocardial injury and the transportation of the patient to the definitive care center.

Accepted Answer

A paramedic-obtained 12-lead ECG can identify myocardial injury, which is crucial information that can help in making decisions about transportation and treatment of the patient. The ECG can be transmitted to a hospital where a physician can review it and determine the appropriate course of action.

Question 20

The electrocardiogram is a relatively new diagnostic tool.

Accepted Answer

The electrocardiogram was invented in 1901, making it over 100 years old.

Quiz 1: Diagnostic 12 Lead Ecg