Question 1

Ovarian ____ is an uncommon but serious medical condition that occurs when the ovary twists on the ovarian ligament attaching the ovary to the uterus.

Accepted Answer

Ovarian torsion is the medical condition where the ovary twists on the ovarian ligament, causing a decrease in blood supply to the ovary. This is a serious condition that can lead to infertility or even require ovary removal if not promptly treated. Dermoid cysts, endometriomas, and polycystic disease are all different ovarian conditions but are not specifically related to ovarian torsion.

Question 2

If an embryo implants, the endometrial lining sluffs off and is expelled during menses.

Accepted Answer

If an embryo implants, the endometrial lining does not slough off and menstruation does not occur. If pregnancy does not occur, then the endometrial lining is sloughed off during menstruation.

Question 3

The menstrual cycle is typically regular, with menses occurring every ____ days.

Accepted Answer

The menstrual cycle is typically regular, with menses occurring every 28 days. However, it is important to note that some women may have shorter or longer cycles that are still considered normal.

Question 4

The generic term used to describe abnormal menses related to bleeding is ____.

Accepted Answer

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is the generic term used to describe abnormal menses related to bleeding. Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation, placenta previa is a complication in pregnancy where the placenta covers the cervix, and uterine abruption refers to the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery.

Question 5

The ____, a pear-shaped muscular organ, is the site where the embryo implants and the fetus develops during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

The uterus is the site where the embryo implants and the fetus develops during pregnancy. The labia are external folds of skin that protect the vaginal and urethral openings. The accessory glands refer to the glands that secrete fluids into the reproductive tract to aid in reproduction. The introitus is the entrance to the vagina.

Question 6

Ectopic pregnancy occurs in up to 10% of all pregnancies.

Accepted Answer

Ectopic pregnancy occurs in about 1-2% of all pregnancies, not up to 10%.

Question 7

____ occurs when the cervix and part of the uterus protrude from the vaginal opening, which is often caused by the stretching of pelvic floor muscles during normal childbirth.

Accepted Answer

Uterine prolapse is the condition where the cervix and part of the uterus protrude from the vaginal opening, and it is often caused by the stretching of pelvic floor muscles during normal childbirth. Vulva prolapse is the protrusion of the vaginal walls, and tubo-ovarian abscess and uterine torsion are both different conditions unrelated to the prolapse of the uterus.

Question 8

The inner lining of the uterus, the endometrium, becomes thin and low in blood supply during the menstrual cycle.

Accepted Answer

The inner lining of the uterus, the endometrium, becomes thick and rich in blood supply during the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential implantation of an embryo. If fertilization does not occur, the endometrium will shed and result in menstruation.

Question 9

The cause of endometriosis is not clear, but it is thought to be caused by endometrial tissue from the lining of the uterus migrating into the pelvis.

Accepted Answer

While the exact cause of endometriosis is not fully understood, it is believed to be caused by endometrial tissue from the uterus spreading to other areas in the pelvis.

Question 10

Ovarian ____ are fluid-filled sacs that develop on the ovaries.

Accepted Answer

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on the ovaries. Tumors are abnormal growths that can be cancerous or non-cancerous. Torsions occur when the ovary twists on its blood supply, causing pain and potential damage. Gonads are the organs that produce eggs (ovaries) or sperm (testes) in the reproductive system.

Question 11

The most common site for ectopic implantation is in the uterus.

Accepted Answer

Ectopic implantation refers to the fertilized egg implanting outside of the uterus, which is not the most common site. The most common site for ectopic implantation is in the fallopian tube.

Question 12

____ is an infection of the cervix that extends up into the uterus, fallopian tubes, and occasionally into the abdomen.

Accepted Answer

Pelvic inflammatory disease, or PID, is an infection of the female reproductive organs, including the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications such as infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy. Diverticulitis is an infection or inflammation of small pockets in the colon. Menorrhagia is heavy menstrual bleeding, and appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix.

Question 13

The blood supply to the ovary is threatened in an ovarian torsion.

Accepted Answer

Ovarian torsion occurs when the ovary twists on its own blood supply, leading to compromised blood flow to the ovary. This can result in damage to the ovary and potentially lead to infertility if not treated promptly.

Question 14

In a ____, the pregnancy terminates on its own, often due to a genetic issue with the fetus.

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous abortion, also known as a miscarriage, is a condition where the pregnancy terminates on its own, often due to a genetic issue with the fetus. The other answer choices refer to different types of complications during pregnancy.

Question 15

Menstrual cycles are measured from the first day of menses to the first day of the following menses.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The menstrual cycle is measured from the first day of menstrual bleeding to the first day of the following menstrual bleeding.

Question 16

There is often a small amount of bleeding associated with cysts.

Accepted Answer

Cysts can cause some bleeding due to irritation or rupture of blood vessels in the surrounding tissues.

Question 17

If left untreated, a ruptured fallopian tube secondary to an ectopic pregnancy can cause death from exsanguination in less than two hours.

Accepted Answer

A ruptured fallopian tube can cause severe internal bleeding which can lead to death in less than two hours if not treated promptly.

Question 18

Certain forms of birth control, such as an intrauterine device (IUD), increase the risk for ectopic pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

IUDs are considered more than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy, but if a pregnancy were to occur while an IUD is in place, there is a higher risk of it being ectopic (outside the uterus). This is because the IUD can cause inflammation in the fallopian tubes, making it more difficult for a fertilized egg to travel to the uterus.

Question 19

The ____ is the organ of copulation and also functions as the birth canal during delivery.

Accepted Answer

The organ of copulation is the vagina, which also serves as the birth canal during delivery. The uterus is involved in pregnancy and the development of the fetus, while the ovaries are responsible for producing and releasing eggs. The fallopian tubes are where fertilization typically occurs.

Question 20

The ____ is the usual site of fertilization where the ovum and spermatozoa combine to form an embryo.

Accepted Answer

The fallopian tube is where fertilization typically occurs as the ovum travels down the tube and may be fertilized by spermatozoa. The other options (labia minora, vulva, and introitus) are external structures and not involved in fertilization.

Quiz 34: Gynecological Disorders