Question 1

People are more likely to search for explanations for events that are

Accepted Answer

People are more likely to search for explanations for events that are personally relevant because those events have a direct impact on their lives and well-being. They want to understand why something happened and how they can respond to it, which can help them feel more in control and empowered.

Question 2

Jorge watches his friend Nina interacting with others and makes a situational attribution for her behavior. Jorge believes that

Accepted Answer

Jorge is making a situational attribution, which means that he believes Nina's behavior is best explained by the circumstances or situation surrounding the encounter, rather than her personality or inherent characteristics.

Question 3

Colin and Erin are waiting to meet with their caterer so that they can discuss the menu for their wedding. The caterer is 30 minutes late and still hasn't arrived. Colin suggests that the caterer is probably delayed because of traffic. Erin suggests that the caterer is probably disorganized and unreliable. Colin is making a(n) _____attribution, whereas Erin is making a(n) _____ attribution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Colin and Erin are waiting to meet...

Question 4

The importance of nonverbal behavior when it comes to social perception can be seen by the fact that email messages

Accepted Answer

Nonverbal behavior, such as tone of voice and facial expressions, can convey important social cues and emotional information that is absent in written communication. This can lead to misinterpretation of email messages, particularly when attempts at humor or sarcasm are made.

Question 5

Which of the following has been demonstrated by Henley's (1977) research on touching?

Accepted Answer

Henley's (1977) research on touching has shown that men initiate more touching than women.

Question 6

Cross-cultural research on perception of emotion, such as that conducted by Elfenbein and Ambady (2003), indicates that

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural research has shown that people are fairly successful at perceiving the emotional states of individuals from other cultures. However, we are better at judging emotions of individuals from our own culture as we have a greater familiarity with their cultural norms, expressions, and behaviors related to emotions. Elfenbein and Ambady's research found that culture-specific context influenced emotion recognition accuracy. For example, American participants were better at recognizing the emotions of Americans and Japanese participants were better at recognizing the emotions of other Japanese individuals.

Question 7

Jerry makes frequent eye contact with the person to whom he is talking. This is most likely to elicit

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jerry makes frequent eye contact with the...

Question 8

Which of the following is supported by research on deception?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is supported by...

Question 9

The "anger superiority effect" in social perception refers to the finding that

Accepted Answer

The "anger superiority effect" in social perception refers to the finding that people are quicker to spot an angry face in a crowd than a neutral or happy face. This means that people are particularly attuned to angry expressions, possibly because they signal potential threats or conflicts in the environment.

Question 10

A target's "gaze disengagement" tends to lead perceivers to

Accepted Answer

The answer of A target's "gaze disengagement" tends to lead...

Question 11

Deception is most likely to be detected by attending to which channel of communication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Deception is most likely to be detected...

Question 12

According to a survey about lying, people believe that liars tend to fidget and avert their eyes. The problem with relying on these kinds of cues to determine if someone is lying is that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that both liars and truth tellers may exhibit stress cues such as fidgeting and averting their eyes, making it difficult to rely on these cues alone to determine if someone is lying. Additionally, some individuals may be adept at lying and not display these stress cues, further complicating the use of these cues as indicators of deception.

Question 13

Lindy is trying to decide whether or not Marisa's behavior is dispositional. If Lindy relies on correspondent inference theory, she would consider all of the following factors except

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lindy is trying to decide whether or...

Question 14

Research conducted by Hall and colleagues suggests that we tend to believe that dominant people touch others more than do subordinate people, and behavioral data indicate that

Accepted Answer

The research conducted by Hall and colleagues actually found that the expectation that dominant people touch others more than subordinate people is not accurate. Therefore, option A and B are both incorrect. While the question does not mention gender, option D is also incorrect as it suggests that the accuracy of the expectation depends on the gender of the targets, which is not supported by the research.

Question 15

One of the reasons that we are not very successful at detecting deception is because

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the reasons that we are...

Question 16

Veronica is talking to her parents about her French professor and claims that he gave her a failing grade on her last paper because he is arrogant, cold, and indifferent to the progress of his students. Veronica is making a(n)

Accepted Answer

Veronica is making a personal attribution, as she is attributing her failing grade to the professor's personal characteristics, such as being arrogant, cold, and indifferent.

Question 17

Bella is a teacher who suspects that a student is trying to deceive her. Under which of the following conditions does Bella have the best chance of being accurate in her attempts to detect whether or not the student is lying?

Accepted Answer

Asking someone to recount their story in reverse chronological order increases cognitive load, making it more difficult for liars to maintain consistency in their fabricated stories, thereby improving the chances of detecting deception.

Question 18

Research on detecting deception has consistently shown that

Accepted Answer

Research on detecting deception has consistently shown that people are only slightly better than chance when it comes to distinguishing between truth and lies. While there are individual differences in people's ability to detect lies, experts like police detectives and judges also make errors in lie detection.

Question 19

Which of the following research findings is most consistent with Darwin's hypothesis that the ability to interpret emotion from facial expressions has survival value?

Accepted Answer

Darwin's hypothesis is that the ability to interpret emotions from facial expressions has survival value because it helps people to recognize potential danger and avoid it. Being quicker to recognize angry faces would be more helpful in identifying potential threats, supporting Darwin's hypothesis. The other options do not necessarily support or contradict Darwin's hypothesis.

Question 20

Cross-cultural differences in the perception of nonverbal behavior are least prevalent in which of the following types of judgments?

Accepted Answer

Emotions and facial expressions have been found to have universal recognition across cultures, with little variation in interpretation.

Quiz 4: Perceiving Persons