Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the core virtues identified by positive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Vanity is not one of the core virtues identified by positive psychology. The five core virtues identified by positive psychology are courage, justice, wisdom, temperance, and transcendence.

Question 2

Positive psychologists usually argue that true happiness comes from overcoming important challenges.This idea is quite similar to Sartre's conception of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Positive psychologists usually argue that true happiness...

Question 3

Which tenet of self-determination theory appears to be its boldest prediction?

Accepted Answer

The universality of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness is the boldest prediction of self-determination theory because it suggests that these three psychological needs are essential for human growth, development, and well-being regardless of cultural or individual differences, challenging traditional ideas that certain cultures or personalities require different needs or goals for happiness.

Question 4

Positive psychology seeks to study human ________ rather than ________.

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology focuses on studying human strengths and positive aspects of life, rather than solely focusing on faults or negative aspects.

Question 5

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi

Accepted Answer

Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi is known for the theory of flow, which describes the state of complete absorption and involvement in an activity.

Question 6

From a phenomenological perspective,to understand another person,you must understand ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From a phenomenological perspective,to understand another person,you...

Question 7

According to the text,which of the following questions is central positive and humanistic psychology but is NOT traditional psychology?

Accepted Answer

Central positive and humanistic psychology focuses on the study of human experiences, emotions, and behaviors from a positive perspective rather than focusing on pathology and dysfunction. The question about the meaning of life is related to this perspective, as it focuses on understanding human experiences and emotions. The other options (B, C, and D) are traditional psychology questions that focus on understanding differences, motivation, and personality in a general sense.

Question 8

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Jean-Paul Sartre

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the theory or central idea that...

Question 9

Which of the following virtues does NOT appear to be particularly important in Eastern traditions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following virtues does NOT...

Question 10

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Richard Ryan and Edward Deci

Accepted Answer

Richard Ryan and Edward Deci are the founders of the Self-Determination Theory, which emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation, personal growth, and autonomy in human development and well-being.

Answer: C
 Abraham Maslow is best known for his Hierarchy of Needs theory, which posits that humans have a range of innate needs that must be fulfilled in a specific order to achieve self-actualization.

Answer: D
 Carl Rogers advocated for personal growth and self-actualization, emphasizing the importance of self-concept and self-awareness in human development.

Answer: G
 Martin Heidegger developed the concept of Umwelt, Mitwelt, and Eigenwelt to explain different modes of existence and our perception of the world around us.

Answer: F
 Friedrich Nietzsche promoted the idea of the "existentialistic Superman," which involved transcending the limitations of one's social and cultural conditioning to achieve a more authentic and fulfilling existence.

Question 11

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Carl Rogers

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization is a central idea associated with Carl Rogers. He believed in the importance of individuals striving for personal growth and fulfilling their potential.

Question 12

What does it mean to take a phenomenological perspective on personality? Explain the basic idea of phenomenology and describe the philosophical roots of this approach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does it mean to take a...

Question 13

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-George Kelly

Accepted Answer

Personal construct theory is associated with George Kelly.

Question 14

________ is the relatively recent branch of psychology that investigates the traits,processes,and social institutions that promote a good and meaningful life.

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology is the relatively recent branch of psychology that investigates the traits, processes, and social institutions that promote a good and meaningful life. The other choices are not valid terms within psychology.

Question 15

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Abraham Maslow

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the theory or central idea that...

Question 16

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Ludwig Binswanger

Accepted Answer

Ludwig Binswanger is associated with the experience of Umwelt, Mitwelt, and Eigenwelt, which means the experience of the objective environment, social environment, and self-environment, respectively. This is part of his existential psychoanalysis.

Answer: H 
 Binswanger also introduced the concept of thrown-ness, which emphasizes that one's existence is always rooted in a particular historical, cultural, and social context. This relates to his existential psychoanalytic approach.

Question 17

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Friedrich Nietzsche

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Nietzsche is associated with the theory of the existentialistic superman, which emphasizes individuality, creativity, and self-realization.

Question 18

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist.
-Heidegger

Accepted Answer

Heidegger is associated with the concept of "Thrown-ness" (Geworfenheit), which refers to the human condition of being thrown into the world without choice, a fundamental aspect of his existential philosophy.

Question 19

Based on research related to self-determination theory,the individual ________ is likely to report the highest level of well-being.

Accepted Answer

According to self-determination theory, individuals who are focused on personal growth are more likely to experience higher levels of well-being. This is because personal growth is related to psychological needs such as autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are essential for feeling fulfilled and satisfied with one's life. In contrast, individuals who value financial success or fame may be driven by external rewards, which can undermine their sense of autonomy and lead to feelings of pressure, stress, and dissatisfaction. Similarly, individuals who are focused on hedonia (i.e., pleasure-seeking) may experience short-term pleasure, but this is unlikely to lead to long-term well-being and fulfillment.

Question 20

Stephen seeks to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.He pursues ________.

Accepted Answer

Hedonia is the pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain, which aligns with Stephen's goal to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Eudaimonia, on the other hand, is the pursuit of human flourishing and well-being, which may not necessarily prioritize pleasure. Bad faith is a philosophical concept referring to inauthentic living, and self-determination is the ability to make choices and pursue goals without external constraints, which may or may not prioritize pleasure as the ultimate goal.

Quiz 12: Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Which of the following is NOT one of the core virtues identified by positive psychology?

Positive psychologists usually argue that true happiness comes from overcoming important challenges.This idea is quite similar to Sartre's conception of ________.

Which tenet of self-determination theory appears to be its boldest prediction?

Positive psychology seeks to study human rather than .

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi

From a phenomenological perspective,to understand another person,you must understand ________.

According to the text,which of the following questions is central positive and humanistic psychology but is NOT traditional psychology?

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Jean-Paul Sartre

Which of the following virtues does NOT appear to be particularly important in Eastern traditions?

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Richard Ryan and Edward Deci

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Carl Rogers

What does it mean to take a phenomenological perspective on personality? Explain the basic idea of phenomenology and describe the philosophical roots of this approach.

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -George Kelly

________ is the relatively recent branch of psychology that investigates the traits,processes,and social institutions that promote a good and meaningful life.

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Abraham Maslow

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Ludwig Binswanger

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Friedrich Nietzsche

Match the theory or central idea that is associated with each philosopher or psychologist. -Heidegger

Based on research related to self-determination theory,the individual ________ is likely to report the highest level of well-being.

Stephen seeks to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.He pursues ________.