Question 1

Katarina is on a plane that has been hijacked.Assuming she will be in this situation for an extended period of time, which of the following coping strategies to alleviate her stress would probably be least effective?

Accepted Answer

While helping others can be a great coping strategy, it may not be the best choice in a hijacking situation where the priority is to ensure personal safety and survival. Katarina may put herself at risk if she becomes too focused on helping others and not on her own well-being. Therefore, option B is the least effective coping strategy in this particular scenario. Options A, C, and D can still be useful in managing stress and anxiety in this situation.

Question 2

Michael, an academically gifted teenager, is devastated that he does not have any athletic skills.He dwells on the belief that he has failed terribly and then falls into a deep depression.This outcome is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

The answer of Michael, an academically gifted teenager, is devastated...

Question 3

Sophia is anxious about her first day of school.Her mother assures her that everything is fine, walks her to the classroom door, and waits until she seems comfortable in her new surroundings.Sophia's mother has provided

Accepted Answer

Sophia's mother provides social support by comforting and reassuring Sophia, which can help alleviate some of her anxiety and help her adjust to her new surroundings.

Question 4

When uncontrollable life events are especially traumatic, it tends to be healthier to

Accepted Answer

Opening up to trusted others can provide emotional support, reduce feelings of isolation, and help process the trauma, which is generally healthier than keeping things to oneself.

Question 5

The major difference between proactive coping and other forms of coping (such as problem-based and emotion-based)is that proactive coping

Accepted Answer

Proactive coping involves anticipating and preparing for upcoming stressors before they occur. This is different from problem-based coping, which involves focusing on solving the problem causing the stress after it has occurred, or emotion-based coping, which involves managing the emotional distress caused by the stressor. Proactive coping is therefore a unique strategy that takes place before the stressor occurs.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the coping strategies of distraction and suppression is false?

Accepted Answer

The statement that people practicing distraction will exhibit a greater cardiovascular response than people practicing suppression is false. Studies have shown that suppression is associated with greater cardiovascular responses than distraction.

Question 7

Self-awareness theory suggests that

Accepted Answer

Self-awareness theory suggests that when individuals focus on their own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, it can bring out personal shortcomings or inconsistencies between their actions and beliefs. This can lead to discomfort or a desire to change, making self-focus a potentially productive tool for personal growth and self-improvement.

Question 8

Pressman and Cohen (2012)analyzed writings of highly influential, deceased psychologists and found that the use of _____ emotion words in writing was associated with longevity.

Accepted Answer

The study found that the use of positive, high-arousal emotion words (such as "excited," "enthusiastic," and "happy") was associated with longevity, whereas the use of negative emotion words (regardless of arousal level) was not significantly related to lifespan.

Question 9

Positive emotions such as joy help people cope with adversity by

Accepted Answer

The answer of Positive emotions such as joy help people...

Question 10

Regarding confession, research reveals that it is

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that confession can be helpful for emotional release and healing, but only if the person or source they confess to is validating and supportive. If the person or source is judgmental or dismissive, it can actually add to the individual's distress rather than alleviate it. Therefore, confessing to a validating and empathetic source is crucial for it to be effective.

Question 11

The rebound effect in thought suppression disappears when people

Accepted Answer

Engaging in focused distraction, such as finding an alternative activity to focus on, has been found to be effective in preventing the rebound effect in thought suppression. Positively thinking, receiving social support, and self-complexity have not been found to consistently prevent the rebound effect.

Question 12

Kelley spends a lot of time focusing on herself.Her psychological health could be threatened if this self-focus leads to

Accepted Answer

If Kelley spends a lot of time focusing on herself and that turns into rumination about problems, then her psychological health could be threatened. Rumination is a type of self-focused attention that involves dwelling on negative thoughts, feelings, and experiences. This can lead to feelings of depression, anxiety, and other psychological problems.

Question 13

Yvonne has a choice of activities for this evening.She can paint, at which she is accomplished, or go rollerblading, at which she struggles.If Yvonne is in a bad mood and wants to feel better, then she should

Accepted Answer

The answer of Yvonne has a choice of activities for...

Question 14

The principal cognitive benefit of opening up and sharing stressful experiences with others is known as

Accepted Answer

The principal cognitive benefit of sharing stressful experiences with others is gaining insight. Through sharing experiences and thoughts with others, one can gain new perspectives and understanding about their own thoughts and behaviors, which can lead to personal growth and problem-solving. Venting (A) involves releasing emotion without seeking solutions, self-focus (C) can lead to self-absorption and maintaining a narrow perspective, and discharge (D) refers to the release of emotion without necessarily gaining insight or problem-solving.

Question 15

Research on thought suppression shows that

Accepted Answer

Research on thought suppression has shown that suppressing the display of emotion can be emotionally and physiologically taxing. It can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and feelings of distress. Therefore, choice B is the best answer. Option A is incorrect because suppressing negative emotions can lead to increased physiological arousal and negative affect. Option C is incorrect because keeping an important secret can lead to biased perception and increased stress. Option D is also incorrect because while managing emotions is important, secret-keeping is not necessarily a key factor in effective emotion regulation.

Question 16

Walter and Helen are both recently divorced and trying to cope with the stress of their failed relationships.Compared to Walter, Helen is more likely to cope by

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women are more likely to ruminate about their negative feelings as a coping mechanism compared to men.

Question 17

Frederickson (2009)has suggested two steps in explaining why positive emotions are so effective in coping.Those two steps are that positive emotions

Accepted Answer

According to Frederickson (2009), positive emotions first broaden our outlook by increasing our creativity, flexibility, and openness to new experiences. This then enables us to build our personal resources such as physical, cognitive, and social resources, which are helpful in coping with stressful situations.

Question 18

Opening up to others makes the problem at hand seem

Accepted Answer

Opening up to others can often help provide clarity and perspective on a situation, which can ultimately decrease stress and lower blood pressure.

Question 19

After September 11, 2001, Frederickson and colleagues (2003)contacted students who had previously taken part in a study on stress and coping.She found that the most resilient of the students were the ones who felt

Accepted Answer

According to the passage, the most resilient students were the ones who felt interest in unfolding world events. There is no mention of scorn for the attackers, fearfulness, or anger being correlated with resilience.

Question 20

Proactive coping

Accepted Answer

Proactive coping involves taking action to modify the onset of a stressful event, which can help to prevent or minimize stress. This is different from social support, which is a reactive coping strategy that involves seeking help from others after a stressful event has occurred. Proactive coping can be effective for a range of stressors, and while it may not be able to prevent all stressors from occurring, it can help individuals feel more in control and better prepared to handle difficult situations.

Quiz 14: Health and Well being