Question 1

The cerebral cortex is made up of four lobes. Which is NOT one of these lobes?

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes: the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes. The "orbital lobe" is not recognized as a separate lobe of the cerebral cortex.

Question 2

A neuron is made up of which of the following parts?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are composed of dendrites (which receive signals), an axon (which transmits signals), a cell body (which contains the nucleus and other organelles), and terminal buttons (which release neurotransmitters).

Question 3

Plasticity is a term that defines:

Accepted Answer

Plasticity refers to the brain's ability to adapt to changes, such as injury or developmental changes, by reorganizing its structure, functions, or connections. This includes compensating for damage by forming new neural connections or transferring functions to undamaged areas.

Question 4

Invariance hypothesis is best represented by which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

The invariance hypothesis suggests that the organization of functions across the two hemispheres of the brain remains constant or lacks change, which is best represented by option B.

Question 5

Which of the following terms is used to describe the process whereby the brain disposes of a neuron's connections to other neurons in order to make space for important skills and information.

Accepted Answer

Synaptic pruning is the process by which the brain eliminates extra synapses, essentially "pruning" away connections between neurons that are no longer necessary, to enhance the efficiency of neuronal transmissions and make room for important connections and skills.

Question 6

Which parts of the brain are referred to as the reptilian brain?

Accepted Answer

The reptilian brain refers to the brain stem and the cerebellum, which are responsible for primitive survival instincts and automatic functions.

Question 7

Which of the following is not correct? Myelin:

Accepted Answer

Myelin continues to grow and develop well beyond infancy, with significant development occurring during childhood and adolescence. It is not involved in the synaptic pruning process, which refers to the reduction of synaptic connections within the brain. Myelin's primary role is to insulate axons to increase the efficiency of neural signal transmission, not to be involved in synaptic pruning.

Question 8

Children with dyslexia, a reading disorder, process spatial information in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children with dyslexia, a reading disorder, process...

Question 9

Which of the following is ideal to stimulate brain growth in babies?

Accepted Answer

Everyday interactions with caregivers, siblings, and the wider world are crucial for stimulating brain growth in babies as they provide diverse stimuli and opportunities for learning and development.

Quiz 5: The Biological Foundations of Development II: The Developing Brain