Question 1

Jane is diagnosed with bipolar II disorder.Which of the following can we expect her to experience?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of hypomania and major depression. Hypomania is a milder form of mania which lasts for at least four consecutive days but does not cause significant impairment in daily functioning. Major depressive episodes are characterized by symptoms such as sadness, loss of interest in activities, sleep disturbances, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. Therefore, choice A is the most appropriate option.

Question 2

What distinguishes bipolar I disorder from bipolar II disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by at least one manic episode, whereas bipolar II disorder is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode. Mania is a more severe form of mood disturbance than hypomania, which is why it is only present in bipolar I disorder. Additionally, while bipolar II disorder is often comorbid with cyclothymic disorder, this condition is not unique to bipolar II and may also occur in bipolar I disorder.

Question 3

Jamie is six years old and has been diagnosed with dysthymic disorder.What disorder is Jamie highly likely to develop as he gets older?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymic disorder is a chronic, low-grade form of depression that lasts for at least two years in children and teenagers. The most common disorder that dysthymia can develop into is major depressive disorder. It is estimated that up to 76% of children and adolescents diagnosed with dysthymia will develop major depression at some point in their lives. While bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and mania, it is less likely to develop from dysthymia in children.

Question 4

Four people have just experienced the death of a spouse.Which of them is most likely to have a pathological grief reaction?

Accepted Answer

Beth is most likely to have a pathological grief reaction due to her high dependency on her late husband, which can complicate the grieving process and lead to more intense and prolonged grief.

Question 5

Dr.Hammond is frustrated because he is having the same problem with the medical treatment he has prescribed for three different patients with bipolar disorder.What is the most likely source of Dr.Hammond's frustration?

Accepted Answer

Patients with bipolar disorder often stop taking their medication to induce a manic state, which can lead to frustration for the prescribing doctor.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an important reason for identifying the pattern of mood disorder known as "double depression"?

Accepted Answer

While it is important to identify the pattern of "double depression," this is not a reason why it is important. The other options (A, B, and D) all describe important reasons for identifying this pattern.

Question 7

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by major depressive episodes alternating with hypomanic episodes,while bipolar I disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of major depression and another symptom.What is the other symptom?

Accepted Answer

The other symptom in bipolar I disorder is mania, which is a distinct period of elevated or irritable mood and increased activity or energy.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an associated characteristic of early onset of dysthymia (before age 21)?

Accepted Answer

Early onset of dysthymia is typically associated with greater chronicity, genetic influence, and poorer response to treatment. However, it is not associated with a better prognosis.

Question 9

It has been ten days since Diana's mother died.Diana doesn't eat,she has lost interest in her usual activities,and she takes no pleasure in anything she does.All she can do is think about the past and wish she could be with her mother.What is Diana suffering from?

Accepted Answer

Diana is showing symptoms of complicated grief, which is characterized by intense and prolonged grief reactions that impair daily functioning and don't improve over time. It's important for her to seek professional help to manage her grief and move forward. The other options (A, B and D) are terms that could be used to describe potential aspects of Diana's grief, but don't necessarily capture the complexity of her symptoms.

Question 10

In severe cases of depression in which the episode lasts five years or longer,approximately what percentage of patients can be expected to recover?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In severe cases of depression in which...

Question 11

Jerry experienced a manic episode six months ago,which was followed by a major depressive episode.What would he most likely be diagnosed with?

Accepted Answer

Jerry's experience of a manic episode followed by a major depressive episode indicates that he has bipolar disorder. The fact that he experienced a full-blown manic episode suggests that he would be diagnosed with bipolar I disorder rather than bipolar II disorder or cyclothymic disorder. Rapid cycling disorder is not applicable to his case as there is no information provided about the frequency of his episodes.

Question 12

For several years now,20-year-old Cynthia has been considered by her family and friends to be moody,high-strung,explosive,or hyperactive,yet never out of control.What is Cynthia's most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Cynthia's symptoms suggest cyclothymia, which is a milder form of bipolar disorder characterized by swings between hypomania and depression. The symptoms of hypomania include hyperactivity, irritability, and explosiveness, which Cynthia exhibits, but she is not out of control or experiencing full-blown mania. The symptoms of major depressive disorder and dysthymia include persistent sadness or low mood, which Cynthia does not exhibit, and mania is not the most likely diagnosis given her mild symptoms.

Question 13

Ms.Barr experienced the death of a close friend three months ago.She is so depressed that she has no appetite or energy,and she is suicidal.What would most mental health professionals conclude that Ms.Barr is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Ms. Barr's persistent and severe symptoms of depression, including loss of appetite, lack of energy, and suicidal thoughts, suggest a pathological grief reaction that requires professional intervention. This reaction may be complicated by unresolved emotions related to the death of her close friend, which have prolonged her grief and led to clinical depression.

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes the terms used to differentiate mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder involves mood swings that are less severe than those in bipolar disorder, similar to how dysthymic disorder involves chronic, less severe depression compared to major depressive disorder.

Question 15

Sarah has major depressive disorder,and her doctor says that she is the average age for someone with major depression.How old is Sarah most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

The average age of onset for major depressive disorder is 25 years old.

Question 16

Dr.Yu is giving a lecture on depression.She emphasizes that:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Yu emphasizes that depressive symptoms occur in most people at some point in their lives. This statement suggests that depression is a common experience and does not necessarily require medication or imply the risk of suicide. It is important to recognize that medication is not always the best treatment for depression, and that anyone can experience depressive symptoms regardless of age, gender, or social status.

Question 17

Jenny has experienced long-standing feelings of depression.During the past 20 days,she has experienced a depressed mood,feelings of emptiness,and significant weight loss.Jenny confided in a neighbour that she is considering suicide.What is Jenny MOST likely suffering from?

Accepted Answer

Jenny is likely suffering from double depression, which involves a major depressive episode superimposed on dysthymia (persistent depressive disorder). Her long-standing feelings of depression suggest dysthymia, and the recent severe symptoms indicate a major depressive episode.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT typically involved in therapeutic approaches used to help the bereaved?

Accepted Answer

Examining unexpressed hostility toward the loved one is not typically involved in therapeutic approaches used to help the bereaved. Instead, therapeutic approaches often involve helping the bereaved to: re-experience the emotions associated with the death, talk about the deceased loved one, and find meaning in the loss.

Question 19

Victoria has had a history of depressive episodes in the past.Recently,her mother died.What would you predict about Victoria?

Accepted Answer

Victoria's past history of depression puts her at a higher risk for developing a pathological grief reaction, especially after the loss of a loved one.

Question 20

When referring to the mood disorders,which of the following terms would family most likely use to describe cyclothymia?

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymia is a mood disorder that causes frequent shifts in mood, including periods of sadness or depression (similar to the symptoms of clinical depression) and periods of hypomania (similar to the symptoms of bipolar disorder). The term "moody" is commonly used to describe individuals with cyclothymia, as they may experience rapid or unpredictable changes in their moods or emotions.

Quiz 7: Mood Disorders and Suicide