Question 1

Red,green,and blue are the _____ primary colors; when combined,they make _____.

Accepted Answer

Red, green, and blue are additive primary colors because they are used in light-based color systems. When combined, they create white light. Subtractive primary colors, on the other hand, are used in print-based color systems and create black when combined.

Question 2

Diane is experimenting with the lighting she will use at a rock concert.When she lights the stage blue,she is flooding it with _____ wavelengths of light.If she wants to change the stage to look red,she will need to shift the light to include _____ wavelengths.To change from red to green,she will need to move to _____ wavelengths.

Accepted Answer

Blue light has short wavelengths, red light has long wavelengths, and green light has medium wavelengths.

Question 3

If you look at a square made up of alternating red and blue stripes for several minutes,then look immediately at a blank white sheet of paper,you will see a square with alternating green and yellow stripes.This effect results from pairs of _____ that work _____.

Accepted Answer

This effect is due to the opponent-process theory of color vision, where ganglion cells work in opposition. When you stare at red and blue stripes, the cells become fatigued, and upon looking at a white surface, the complementary colors (green and yellow) are perceived.

Question 4

We cannot see a shade of bluish yellow because:

Accepted Answer

The opponent-process theory explains that certain color combinations are impossible to see because the same ganglion cells that are excited by short-wavelength (S) cones (which detect blue) are inhibited by medium (M) and long (L) wavelength cones (which detect yellow).

Question 5

How do the light waves reflected by a blue object differ from those reflected by a red object?

Accepted Answer

Blue objects reflect shorter wavelength light than red objects. This is because different colors correspond to different wavelengths in the visible light spectrum, with red having longer wavelengths and blue having shorter wavelengths.

Question 6

When Maggie comes home,she is surprised to see that her roommate has painted their living room red.The room looks so dazzlingly red because the paint has absorbed the _____ wavelengths of light and is reflecting the _____ wavelengths to Maggie's eyes.

Accepted Answer

The red paint absorbs the short and medium wavelengths of light and reflects the long wavelengths, which are perceived as red by the human eye.

Question 7

Red and green appear to be opposite colors because of the activity of ganglion cells that are:

Accepted Answer

Ganglion cells in the retina are excited by L (long-wavelength) cones and inhibited by M (medium-wavelength) cones, which creates the perception of red and green as opposite colors.

Question 8

Red,yellow,and blue are the _____ primary colors; when they are combined they make _____.

Accepted Answer

Red, yellow, and blue are the subtractive primary colors. When combined, they absorb (subtract) light and make black.

Question 9

Yellow is considered one of the primary colors,but there is no cone specialized to respond to yellow light.When we see yellow,it is because the light is stimulating the:

Accepted Answer

Yellow light stimulates the L (long-wavelength) and M (medium-wavelength) cones equally, while the S (short-wavelength) cones are stimulated very little, creating the perception of yellow.

Question 10

Yuming becomes nauseous while driving down a curvy mountain road.Her uncomfortable feeling is due to:

Accepted Answer

Yuming's nausea is likely due to conflicting signals between her visual system, which perceives motion differently, and her vestibular system, which senses the actual motion, leading to motion sickness.

Question 11

Sensitive areas,such as the face,have larger areas of the primary somatosensory cortex devoted to them.One reason that this might be the case is that greater sensitivity results from:

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity is enhanced when more sensory receptors are available to detect and transmit information. The face has a larger number and density of sensory receptors compared to other parts of the body, which is why there are more areas of the primary somatosensory cortex devoted to it.

Question 12

A gray square is placed first on a white sheet of paper and then on a black sheet of paper.The square will be _____ on the black as on the white background.

Accepted Answer

The gray square will reflect the same amount of light on both backgrounds, so it is equally bright. However, against the black background, it will appear lighter due to the contrast effect.

Question 13

After leaving the thalamus,axons projecting from tactile sensory neurons project to the _____ in the _____ lobe.

Accepted Answer

Axons projecting from tactile sensory neurons project to the primary somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobe. The somatosensory cortex has a topographical representation of the body called the homunculus.

Question 14

Mick is getting a tattoo on his back.The tattoo artist creates tiny points adjacent to each other on the skin to tattoo a line.The information from the needle pricks will be represented in the primary somatosensory cortex:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mick is getting a tattoo on his...

Question 15

Our perception of _____ is unusual in that it does not involve the thalamus.

Accepted Answer

Our perception of smell does not involve the thalamus. Instead, the olfactory bulb directly sends signals to the olfactory cortex. This is unique compared to other sensory information, which first passes through the thalamus before reaching the corresponding cortex.

Question 16

As Devin runs to catch the quarterback's throw,he automatically checks the position of his arms and hands and adjusts them to the path of the ball.Which sense allows him to position his hands and arms so well?

Accepted Answer

The kinesthetic sense is responsible for body awareness and positioning. It allows Devin to instinctively adjust his arms and hands to catch the ball in the correct position. The other senses listed (vestibular, olfactory, visual) are not relevant to this task.

Question 17

Which of the following statements best describes the path of optic nerve impulses in the brain?

Accepted Answer

The optic nerve fibers from the nasal half of each retina cross over at the optic chiasm, so the left visual field (from both eyes) is processed by the right side of the brain, and the right visual field is processed by the left side.

Question 18

Susan is wearing a bright red skirt.She is trying to decide whether she wants to wear a pink top or a brown top with it.If she decides on the pink top,then the top and the skirt will vary in _____.If she decides on the brown top,then the top and the skirt will vary in _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Susan is wearing a bright red skirt.She...

Question 19

Cameron has an inner ear infection.In addition to the pain in his ear,Cameron is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

A common symptom associated with inner ear infections is vertigo or dizziness. This occurs when inflammation affects the vestibular system, which controls balance and spatial orientation. Therefore, Option D - feeling dizzy is the best choice. Double vision (Option A) is not typically associated with inner ear infections, and difficulty locating oneself in space (Option B) is more commonly observed in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. While loss of appetite (Option C) can occur in some cases, it is not a definitive symptom.

Question 20

Sameer is mixing paint.He starts with a very deep green paint and then gradually adds white paint.Sameer is _____ of the green paint.

Accepted Answer

Sameer is decreasing the saturation of the green paint by adding white to it. Saturation refers to the intensity or purity of a color, and adding white to a color reduces its saturation.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

Red,green,and blue are the _ primary colors; when combined,they make _.

If you look at a square made up of alternating red and blue stripes for several minutes,then look immediately at a blank white sheet of paper,you will see a square with alternating green and yellow stripes.This effect results from pairs of _ that work _.