Question 1

There is evidence that a diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder may be invalid,at least in some cases.As discussed in your textbook,which of the following statements is NOT a piece of evidence supporting this claim?

Accepted Answer

Many therapists have claimed responsibility for causing dissociative identity disorder is not evidence supporting the claim that the diagnosis is invalid; rather, it suggests that the disorder might be influenced by therapeutic practices.

Question 2

This type of mental disorder involves a disruption in identity and travel to another location:

Accepted Answer

Dissociative fugue is a type of dissociative disorder where a person experiences amnesia and suddenly travels away from their home or place of work, and may take on a new identity. The person may forget their past and may not remember their previous identity. They often end up confused and bewildered when they come out of their dissociative state.

Question 3

Miguel woke up one morning in a strange hotel in Detroit.He has no memory of how he got there and cannot remember his name or where he is from.Miguel is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Dissociative fugue involves sudden, unexpected travel away from home or customary work locations, with an inability to recall one's past and confusion about personal identity.

Question 4

Dissociative identity disorder is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) has been influenced by societal forces, including cultural and media portrayals, which have affected its diagnosis and understanding.

Question 5

According to the learned helplessness model,animals who cannot escape from aversive situations experience a condition similar to:

Accepted Answer

The learned helplessness model suggests that animals who are exposed to aversive situations without the ability to escape or avoid them may develop a sense of helplessness and loss of control, leading to symptoms similar to depression in humans.

Question 6

In which of the following scenarios would a person diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder be most likely to report having hundreds of different personalities?

Accepted Answer

The number of reported personalities in dissociative identity disorder cases increased significantly after the 1980s, influenced by media and therapeutic practices.

Question 7

What evidence suggests that people who appear to have dissociative identity disorder may be faking symptoms of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

The fact that the disorder is often diagnosed after someone has been arrested for a crime is evidence that people may be faking symptoms in order to avoid punishment or responsibility for their actions. This suggests that the disorder may be being used as an excuse rather than a genuine mental health condition. Choices A, B, and D do not provide evidence that people may be faking symptoms of dissociative identity disorder.

Question 8

Sariah,a high school student,just received a grade of B on a paper.She is very ashamed that she did not perform according to her high standards.She tells herself,"Sariah,you are a really bad student-you need to study harder.This is simply unacceptable!" She believes that she may not get into college because she is a lazy and unmotivated person and that her future is doomed.Given what we know about the role of _____ in psychological disorders,Sariah is highly likely to develop _____.

Accepted Answer

Sariah's negative and self-deprecating thoughts about herself and her abilities suggest a cognitive process known as negative self-schema, which is commonly associated with major depression. This negative self-schema can also lead to feelings of hopelessness and a belief that one's future is bleak, which are also common symptoms of depression. While learned helplessness and pessimism prototype are also related to depression, the given scenario does not provide enough evidence to support these options. Generalized anxiety disorder is not as strongly linked to negative self-schema and is therefore less likely to be the correct answer.

Question 9

Karen claims that multiple "people" with different personalities live inside her body; they take over her experience and express themselves at unexpected times.Each of these personalities has a different voice,a different age,and a different set of interests.Which disorder is Karen most likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Karen is displaying symptoms of dissociative identity disorder, in which an individual has multiple distinct personalities that take control of their behavior and thoughts at different times.

Question 10

According to the learned helplessness model of depression,people:

Accepted Answer

The learned helplessness model of depression proposes that individuals believe they have no control over the outcomes they experience, leading to feelings of hopelessness and depression.

Question 11

Depressed individuals tend to attribute negative outcomes to _____ and positive outcomes to _____.

Accepted Answer

Depressed individuals have a tendency to blame themselves for negative outcomes, viewing them as result of personal shortcomings. At the same time, they generally see positive outcomes as a result of luck or external factors beyond their control. This pattern of thinking can contribute to their prolonged feelings of despair and hopelessness.

Question 12

The symptoms most commonly associated with schizophrenia are:

Accepted Answer

Delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't there) are the most common symptoms associated with schizophrenia. Option A describes Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personalities), which is a different condition. Option C describes symptoms of anxiety and depression disorders rather than schizophrenia. Option D describes symptoms of impulse control and sensation seeking disorders, which are again not associated with schizophrenia.

Question 13

This type of dissociative disorder is characterized by the occurrence of two or more distinct identities in an individual:

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is the only option that fits the description of an individual having multiple distinct identities. Dissociative amnesia involves forgetting important personal information or experiences, and dissociative fugue involves sudden travel away from one's home or workplace with inability to recall past events, but neither of these options involves multiple identities.

Question 14

Hearing voices is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Hearing voices is a perception that is not based in reality, which is a definition of hallucination. Delusions are beliefs that are not based in reality, but hearing voices is not a belief. Negative symptoms are a lack of normal behaviors or emotions, such as lack of speech or flat affect. Clang speech is a speech pattern that involves using words based on their sound rather than their meaning, which is not related to hearing voices.

Question 15

A false sensory perception experienced without external sources is a:

Accepted Answer

A hallucination is a false sensory perception that is experienced without external sources. A delusion is a false belief that is not based in reality, and a loosening of association refers to a thought disorder characterized by disorganized thinking and speech.

Question 16

Relationships play an important role in the lives of people with depression.For example,evidence suggests that:

Accepted Answer

The loss of a loved one is a significant life event that can trigger or exacerbate depression, making it a well-recognized contributing factor.

Question 17

Tara has had many negative experiences over which she had little control.For example,her parents were divorced,her brother became a drug user,and her husband of 10 years left her for another woman.At this point,Tara has given up trying to make her life better because she believes she can do nothing to improve her circumstances.Tara's attitude may lead her to develop:

Accepted Answer

Tara's negative experiences and belief that she cannot improve her circumstances are typical symptoms of major depression.

Question 18

Cases of dissociative identity disorder:

Accepted Answer

The reported cases of dissociative identity disorder have increased dramatically in the past 30 years, possibly due to increased awareness and changes in diagnostic criteria.

Question 19

According to your textbook,a mental disorder that involves a person's losing awareness of time and events is called:

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your textbook,a mental disorder that...

Question 20

One explanation offered in your textbook for the recent rapid increase in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders is that:

Accepted Answer

More therapists believe the disorder is real and elicit reports from their patients that support it.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders