Question 1

One of the side effects of the Industrial Revolution has been population growth.

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution brought technological advancements and improvements in living conditions that resulted in a decrease in mortality rates and, therefore, a population increase.

Question 2

The Industrial Revolution began as a result of the demographic transition.

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution began primarily due to technological innovations and economic changes, not as a direct result of demographic transition, which refers to changes in birth and death rates over time.

Question 3

The Malthusian prophecy accurately predicted that the American people would reach zero population growth in the 1970s.

Accepted Answer

The Malthusian prophecy predicted that population growth would outpace food production, leading to widespread famine and disease. It did not make a specific prediction about zero population growth in the United States in the 1970s. In fact, the U.S. population continued to grow throughout the 20th century and still does today.

Question 4

The fertility rate represents the number of births in a population in relation to every 1000 women of childbearing age.

Accepted Answer

The fertility rate typically refers to the average number of children a woman would have over her lifetime, not the number of births per 1000 women of childbearing age.

Question 5

Thomas Malthus maintained that population grows by geometric progression, but the food supply grows by arithmetic progression.

Accepted Answer

This was one of the main ideas presented in Malthus' Essay on the Principle of Population, published in 1798. He argued that if left unchecked, population growth would outpace the growth of food production, leading to famine and suffering.

Question 6

The demographic transition model is based on the fact that in the past 200 years Western societies have gone from high mortality and fertility rates to low fertility and mortality rates.

Accepted Answer

The demographic transition model is based on the historical trend observed in Western societies where both mortality and fertility rates have decreased over time due to advancements in public health and access to family planning resources. This has resulted in a shift from high population growth rates to lower population growth rates.

Question 7

In 1972, the birthrate in the United States had dropped below the replacement level: we had attained zero population growth.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The birthrate in the United States did in fact drop below the replacement level in 1972, meaning that the number of births being matched by deaths and emigration, resulting in zero population growth.

Question 8

The population pyramid is a monument thought to have been built in memory of Egyptian royalty.

Accepted Answer

The population pyramid is not a monument built in memory of Egyptian royalty. It is a graphical representation of a population's age and gender distribution.

Question 9

The most technologically advanced nations also have the lowest fertility rates.

Accepted Answer

This is generally true as countries with higher development, education levels, and women's participation in the workforce tend to have lower fertility rates. This includes countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and much of Europe.

Question 10

Urbanization is the shift of population to cities.

Accepted Answer

Urbanization refers to the process of increased population concentration in urban areas or cities. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 11

Urbanization and urbanism are interchangeable terms.

Accepted Answer

Urbanization refers to the process of becoming more urban, while urbanism refers to the way of life or culture of people living in urban areas. They are related concepts, but not interchangeable terms.

Question 12

Suburbanization is a significant factor in the urban crisis.

Accepted Answer

Suburbanization refers to the movement of people from urban areas to suburban areas, which often leads to a decline in the economic and social conditions of the urban areas. As a result, suburbanization is considered a factor in the urban crisis.

Question 13

Urban renewal has been shown to be highly successful.

Accepted Answer

Urban renewal has had mixed results, with some successes and some failures. It often involves displacing existing communities and can lead to gentrification and unequal development.

Question 14

Urbanism results in central city degeneration.

Accepted Answer

Urbanism, or the study and development of urban areas, often aims at improving urban environments, infrastructure, and living conditions, which can lead to revitalization rather than degeneration of central cities.

Question 15

Urbanism is replacing traditional rural values.

Accepted Answer

With increasing urbanization, traditional rural values such as strong community bonds, self-reliance, and connection to the land are often replaced by more individualistic and consumeristic urban values.

Question 16

Rural values have been idealized by Americans; in reality, they are similar to urban values.

Accepted Answer

While there may be some cultural differences between rural and urban areas, overall, values such as hard work, family, and community are important in both settings. Likewise, urban areas can have close-knit communities and rural areas can have diverse populations.

Question 17

Urban living is conducive to freedom of action under anonymous conditions.

Accepted Answer

Urban living often allows individuals to have greater freedom of action and anonymity due to the large number of people and resources available. This can include the ability to pursue personal interests or lifestyles with less scrutiny or judgment from others.

Question 18

Primary groups are especially important in urban surroundings.

Accepted Answer

In urban surroundings, individuals may feel disconnected and isolated, making primary groups such as family, friends, and neighbors even more important for social support and a sense of belonging.

Question 19

Laws, codes, and regulations are more prevalent in the city.

Accepted Answer

Cities typically have more laws, codes, and regulations in place compared to rural areas due to their larger populations, diverse communities, and higher density of buildings and infrastructure.

Question 20

A large number of SMSAs leads to an urban crisis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A large number of SMSAs leads to...

Quiz 11: Population, Urbanization, and Environment