Question 1

When surveyed, ________% of U.S. 11th grade females reported recent sexual activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When surveyed, ________% of U.S. 11th grade...

Question 2

The first ejaculation in boys is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first ejaculation in boys is called...

Question 3

The first major brain growth spurt in adolescence occurs between the ages of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first major brain growth spurt in...

Question 4

Which of the following is a component of adolescent egocentrism, according to Elkind?

Accepted Answer

The personal fable is a component of adolescent egocentrism according to Elkind, which refers to the belief that one's own experiences, feelings, and actions are unique, and that they are somehow invulnerable or immune to the normal consequences of risky behavior. A is incorrect because hypothetical-inductive reasoning refers to the ability to think logically about abstract or hypothetical situations, which is a cognitive skill that develops during adolescence but is not a component of egocentrism. B is incorrect because self-biography refers to the process of reflecting on one's own life experiences and making sense of them, which is not necessarily related to egocentrism. C is incorrect because concrete thinking refers to the tendency to think in literal, concrete terms rather than abstract or symbolic ones, which is a cognitive limitation that typically declines during adolescence, rather than a characteristic of egocentrism.

Question 5

Which statement best describes the transition from elementary school to high school?

Accepted Answer

The transition from elementary school to high school often involves significant changes in academic and social environments, which can lead to decreases in academic achievement and self-esteem for many students. This period is marked by adjustment challenges as students navigate a more complex school structure, increased academic expectations, and the development of new social relationships.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains what shapes girls' desire to take advanced math and science classes?

Accepted Answer

Girls' own abilities and beliefs about gender roles in relation to math and science have been found to be the strongest predictors of their pursuit of advanced math and science courses, according to research. While parental encouragement, teacher support, and peer acceptance may also play a role, they are not as influential as the girls' own beliefs and abilities.

Question 7

What percentage of U.S. high school students receive a diploma?

Accepted Answer

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, the percentage of high school students who graduated on time in 2016-2017 was 85%. When accounting for students who took longer than four years to graduate, the overall graduation rate rose to 90%.

Question 8

DeShaun wants to learn calculus so he can become an engineer. He is motivated by which type of goal?

Accepted Answer

Task goals involve achieving a specific outcome or mastering a specific skill, such as learning calculus in order to become an engineer.

Question 9

Girls who are sexually active are also more likely to have experienced early ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Girls who are sexually active are also...

Question 10

Fourteen-year-old Muhammed won a contest sponsored by the local newspaper to celebrate a championship basketball game. The object of the contest was to determine how many words could be made from the word "score." Which newly developed ability of formal operational thought would have been most helpful to Muhammed?

Accepted Answer

The ability to search systematically and methodologically for the solutions to a problem is the most relevant ability for Muhammed in this case, as he would need to systematically go through all the possible word combinations that could be made from the letters in "score" in order to win the contest. The other abilities listed, such as reasoning about unfamiliar situations or using ethical principles for decision-making, are not as directly relevant to the task at hand.

Question 11

Charlene has achieved formal operational thought and is about to attempt Piaget's pendulum task. What can she do that she was UNABLE to do when she was still in the concrete operations stage?

Accepted Answer

Charlene's achievement of formal operational thought enables her to think abstractly and systematically, which is necessary for the pendulum task. In this task, she needs to evaluate the effects of multiple factors in a systematic and methodical fashion, which she was unable to do in the concrete operations stage. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. While options A, B, and C involve skills that Charlene may have developed in earlier stages, they are not specific to formal operational thought and do not fully capture the essential cognitive abilities necessary for the pendulum task.

Question 12

According to your text, high school students perform better than elementary school students in memory task experiments because they

Accepted Answer

High school students have had more experience with various memory strategies and can apply them to new tasks. Elementary school students are still learning and developing these strategies.

Question 13

Which of the following is the best example of a child who has ability goals for academic achievement?

Accepted Answer

Cindy's goal of achieving a higher score on her college entrance exam is specifically focused on academic achievement. The goals of opening a restaurant, doing another project, or learning a programming language are not necessarily related to academic achievement.

Question 14

Changes in sexual maturity which occur during puberty are referred to as ________ sex characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changes in sexual maturity which occur during...

Question 15

Which of the following best summarizes the research of Brown and Day regarding text learning in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Brown and Day's research suggests that the ability to summarize a text improves gradually during the second half of adolescence. They found that 16-year-olds were better at summarizing than 13-year-olds, and 18-year-olds were better than 16-year-olds. Therefore, option A is incorrect. While Brown and Day's research did identify difficulties with text comprehension and summarization in some adolescent students, it did not suggest that this is true for all U.S. high school students, so option B is incorrect. Finally, although the research did mention specific rules that adolescents use when summarizing, it did not identify the use of only the first and third rules by 16-year-olds, making option D incorrect.

Question 16

Which of the following correlates with dropping out of high school?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following correlates with dropping...

Question 17

If Marla wants to be the best clarinet player in the band, she is motivated by which type of goal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Marla wants to be the best...

Question 18

Which of the following is an accurate statement about adolescents' development of formal operational thinking?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational thinking is the ability to think logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations. It enables individuals to understand figurative language, such as metaphors, as they can think beyond the literal meaning of words. Therefore, choice A is an accurate statement about adolescents' development of formal operational thinking. Choice B is incorrect because formal operational thinking allows adolescents to consider future possibilities and outcomes when making decisions. Choice C is also incorrect as research suggests that only about half of adolescents have fully developed formal operational thinking abilities by the twelfth grade. Lastly, choice D is incorrect because higher education can promote the development of higher-order thinking skills, including formal operational thinking.

Question 19

Whenever Jean walks by a mirror or any reflective surface he stops to make sure that his hair looks good and that his clothes look acceptable to his peers. Which principle is at work here?

Accepted Answer

Elkind's theory of the imaginary audience refers to the belief that adolescents feel as though they are always "on stage" and being watched by others. This can lead to a preoccupation with one's appearance and a desire to conform to social norms. Jean's behavior of checking his appearance in reflective surfaces is an example of the imaginary audience.

Question 20

According to your text, which of the following is a factor that influence adolescent adjustment to secondary school?

Accepted Answer

The perception that the teachers and the school are impersonal and unsupportive can negatively impact an adolescent's adjustment to secondary school.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence