Question 1

Phinney (1989, 1993) suggested that older children and adolescents go through three stages of ethnic identity formation: '____________' (pre-adolescence), in which there is little exploration of ethnic concepts and the values of the majority are more or less accepted; '____________' (early adolescence), in which individuals seek to understand what ethnicity means for the self; and '_____________', in which they have a clear, confident sense of their own ethnicity and have dealt with any uncertainties.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phinney (1989, 1993) suggested that older children...

Question 2

According to Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory, children grow within complex social systems: the __________, the ___________, the ____________, and the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory,...

Question 3

According to Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory, the ___________ refers to surroundings that affect the children but with which they have little interaction (e.g. their parents' workplace).

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory,...

Question 4

Which of the following items is not one of the three key dimensions of parenting identified by Baumrind (1971)?

Accepted Answer

Baumrind's three key dimensions of parenting are acceptance, control, and autonomy. Independence is not one of them.

Question 5

------------is also called the parenting dimension of 'acceptance'?

Accepted Answer

In the context of parenting dimensions, 'acceptance' is often synonymous with 'involvement,' which refers to the degree to which parents are attentive, supportive, and actively engaged in their child's life.

Question 6

According to Baumrind (1971), parents low on _________ place few demands on their children regarding their behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Baumrind's parenting styles include authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. Permissive parents are low on control and tend to place few demands on their children regarding their behavior. Baumrind suggests that these parents are lenient, avoid confrontation, and allow their children to regulate themselves without much guidance or structure.

Question 7

Maccoby and Martin (1983) presented four different parenting styles in terms of a 2 x 2 matrix of _____________.

Accepted Answer

Maccoby and Martin's four parenting styles are based on two dimensions: responsiveness and demandingness. Responsiveness refers to a parent's warmth, sensitivity, and supportiveness towards their child, while demandingness refers to a parent's expectations for their child's behavior and their level of control over their child's actions. The four parenting styles are: authoritative (high responsiveness, high demandingness), authoritarian (low responsiveness, high demandingness), permissive (high responsiveness, low demandingness), and uninvolved (low responsiveness, low demandingness).

Question 8

Which of the following is not a parenting style proposed by Maccoby and Martin (1983)?

Accepted Answer

Maccoby and Martin (1983) proposed three parenting styles: authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. Unemotional is not a recognized parenting style by Maccoby and Martin.

Question 9

"Warmth - Clear rules - Supportive - High expectations". These are all characteristics typical of a(n) ____________ parenting style.

Accepted Answer

The characteristics listed are commonly associated with an authoritative parenting style, which is characterized by parents who are warm and supportive, but also have clear rules and high expectations for their children. This approach is often considered to be an effective and balanced style of parenting. The other options, permissive, authoritarian, and uninvolved, each have different defining characteristics that are not consistent with the traits listed.

Question 10

____________ parents are warm and responsive but place few demands on their children, exercising little control.

Accepted Answer

Permissive parents are warm and responsive but place few demands on their children and exercise little control. They allow their children to make their own decisions and do not enforce rules or consequences consistently.

Question 11

Children raised with a(n) ___________ parenting style tend to have the best developmental outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Children raised with authoritative parenting style tend to have the best developmental outcomes because these parents set clear rules and expectations while also being responsive and nurturing towards their children's emotional and social needs. This fosters a sense of independence and confidence in children while also fostering positive relationships and cooperation between parents and children. In contrast, permissive, authoritarian, and uninvolved parenting styles can have negative impacts on children's development, such as poor self-esteem, behavioral problems, and difficulties forming relationships in adulthood.

Question 12

Children raised with a(n) ___________ parenting style tend to be more anxious and/or angry, have low levels of psychosocial maturity, and are more likely to become bullies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children raised with a(n) ___________ parenting style...

Question 13

___________ relationships are emotionally disinhibited, involve high degrees of warmth and intimacy, but also conflict, rivalry and emotional ambivalence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________ relationships are emotionally disinhibited, involve high...

Question 14

Rather than emphasizing parental influence, Harris's (1995, 2002) ___________ argues that genetic inheritance and children's wider social environment play a much greater role in children's social development than parenting styles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rather than emphasizing parental influence, Harris's (1995,...

Question 15

What are the six categories of play observed in preschool children identified by Parten (1932)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the six categories of play...

Question 16

What is 'associative play' according to Parten (1932)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is 'associative play' according to Parten...

Question 17

What is the most complex form of social play according to Parten (1932)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most complex form of...

Question 18

Popular children are rated by peers as dominant, authoritarian, assertive and aggressive.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Popular children are rated by peers as...

Question 19

The impact of media exposure on children's behaviour is likely to depend on social factors, developmental processes, and individual differences.

Accepted Answer

The impact of media exposure on children's behaviour is a complex process that depends on a variety of factors, including social context (e.g., family, school, community), developmental processes (e.g., cognitive, emotional, social), and individual differences (e.g., temperament, personality, skill level). Therefore, it is not a simple "yes" or "no" answer, and may vary depending on the specific child and context.

Quiz 17: Social Development

According to Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory, children grow within complex social systems: the ____, the _, the , and the __.