Question 1

While hanging out with a group of his friends from Wisconsin, Vern mentioned that he didn't like the Green Bay Packers. After making this statement, Vern noticed that his friends started ignoring him and no longer invited him to parties. This exclusion by Vern's friends provides an example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of norm enforcement, as Vern's friends are enforcing the norm that all Wisconsinites must support the Green Bay Packers. Vern's deviation from this norm led to his exclusion from social activities.

Question 2

Students in a study learned about a potential recycling program on their campus while their motivation and ability to process information was manipulated. The results of this study should show that students without much motivation and ability are more influenced by:

Accepted Answer

According to the question, the students' motivation and ability to process information was manipulated, implying that they may not have been particularly motivated to recycle. Therefore, they may be more influenced by descriptive norms, which refer to what is typical or common behavior in a particular situation. In this case, if they see others recycling (a descriptive norm), they may be more likely to recycle themselves, even if they don't fully understand the benefits or are not particularly committed to the idea.

Question 3

Imagine that a university conducted an anonymous poll of students' views of cheating as well as their past cheating behavior. After reading the results of this survey, in which of the following scenarios should students be least likely to cheat?

Accepted Answer

When students learn that other students disapprove of cheating and they have not cheated in the past, they are less likely to cheat. This is because they are influenced by social norms and do not want to go against the majority. They may also feel pressure to conform and not be seen as a cheater by their peers.

Question 4

When it comes to plagiarism, learning that most students think that plagiarism is ""no big deal"" is an example of _______, whereas learning that most students do plagiarize is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

Injunctive norms refer to what people believe should be done, whereas descriptive norms refer to what people actually do in a given situation. Learning that most students believe plagiarism should be avoided is an example of an injunctive norm. Learning that most students actually do plagiarize is an example of a descriptive norm. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. The other options are not relevant to the context of plagiarism.

Question 5

Jayden is part of a public health campaign with the goal of increasing the number of people in his town who get flu shots. Given your knowledge of norms, how would you recommend that Jayden make his campaign more successful?

Accepted Answer

The social norm in this case is that people are more likely to engage in behavior that is perceived as being popular or normative. By stating that the majority of people in the town get flu shots, Jayden is creating the perception that getting a flu shot is the popular or normative thing to do, which may incentivize more people to get the shot. The other options do not explicitly create a perception of social normativity.

Question 6

Studies have shown that when we see people drinking alcohol at parties and posting sexually-suggestive pictures of themselves on Facebook such observations increase the likelihood of us doing the same. These are all examples of how people follow:

Accepted Answer

Descriptive norms refer to the belief about what other people are actually doing in a given situation. In this case, seeing other people drinking alcohol and posting suggestive photos on Facebook establishes a descriptive norm that increases the likelihood of an individual's behavior alignment with these actions.

Question 7

Which of the following provides the best explanation for the results of the Stanford Prison experiment?

Accepted Answer

The behavior of the prison guards was influenced by demand characteristics, as they were asked to play a role in the experiment. Cues in the environment, such as the uniforms of the guards, provided information about normative behavior which likely contributed to the guards' behavior. And the prisoners were made to feel anonymous by being assigned numbers rather than names, which also likely contributed to their behavior. Therefore, all three factors likely played a role in shaping the results of the Stanford Prison experiment.

Question 8

According to research on the relation between norms and deindividuation, in which of the following conditions should Tom be most likely to follow the norm of the prototypical rowdy soccer fan?

Accepted Answer

According to research on the relation between norms and deindividuation, individuals are more likely to conform to group norms when they feel anonymous and are in a large group. Being caught in a crowd of rowdy fans storming the turf at the end of a game is a situation in which Tom is likely to feel anonymous and may be more likely to conform to the norm of the prototypical rowdy soccer fan. Option A is unlikely to lead to deindividuation, as Tom is not in a large group of people. Option B may lead to deindividuation, but the presence of the jumbotron may make Tom feel more self-aware and less likely to conform to group norms. Option D may be similar to option C, but Tom's role as a physical trainer may make him feel more self-aware and less likely to conform to the norm.

Question 9

In a study by Johnson and Downing (1979), participants' anonymity was manipulated and then the participants were asked to give shocks of varying levels to another person when they failed a task. The results of this study showed that:

Accepted Answer

Participants dressed as nurses gave lower levels of shock when they were unidentifiable, suggesting that anonymity can lead to behavior consistent with the social role or identity being adopted.

Question 10

Research has shown that deindividuation leads people to behave in ways that:

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation often results in behaviors that are more prosocial or antisocial, depending on the norms of the group involved. This psychological state reduces self-awareness and diminishes social inhibitions, making individuals more likely to act in accordance with group norms, whether those norms are positive or negative.

Question 11

Which of the following provides the best explanation for the results of the Stanford Prison experiment?

Accepted Answer

The study found that participants (both prisoners and guards) fully immersed themselves into their roles, forgetting that it was an experiment and behaving in accordance with the expectations of their roles. This explains the abusive behavior exhibited by the guards and the passive behavior exhibited by the prisoners. The duration of the study and the personalities of participants may have also played a role, but do not provide as comprehensive of an explanation.

Question 12

_________ occurs when people's social identity is activated and group norms become maximally accessible.

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation occurs when individuals lose their sense of individual identity and become more immersed in their group identity, leading to a decreased concern for social norms and an increased likelihood of engaging in group behavior. This is often triggered by the activation of social identity and an increased salience of group norms.

Question 13

Norms can influence behavior even when they are not directly activated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Norms can influence behavior even when they...

Quiz 10: Norms and Behavior

While hanging out with a group of his friends from Wisconsin, Vern mentioned that he didn't like the Green Bay Packers. After making this statement, Vern noticed that his friends started ignoring him and no longer invited him to parties. This exclusion by Vern's friends provides an example of:

Students in a study learned about a potential recycling program on their campus while their motivation and ability to process information was manipulated. The results of this study should show that students without much motivation and ability are more influenced by:

Imagine that a university conducted an anonymous poll of students' views of cheating as well as their past cheating behavior. After reading the results of this survey, in which of the following scenarios should students be least likely to cheat?

When it comes to plagiarism, learning that most students think that plagiarism is ""no big deal"" is an example of _, whereas learning that most students do plagiarize is an example of _.

Jayden is part of a public health campaign with the goal of increasing the number of people in his town who get flu shots. Given your knowledge of norms, how would you recommend that Jayden make his campaign more successful?

Studies have shown that when we see people drinking alcohol at parties and posting sexually-suggestive pictures of themselves on Facebook such observations increase the likelihood of us doing the same. These are all examples of how people follow:

Which of the following provides the best explanation for the results of the Stanford Prison experiment?

According to research on the relation between norms and deindividuation, in which of the following conditions should Tom be most likely to follow the norm of the prototypical rowdy soccer fan?

In a study by Johnson and Downing (1979) , participants' anonymity was manipulated and then the participants were asked to give shocks of varying levels to another person when they failed a task. The results of this study showed that:

Research has shown that deindividuation leads people to behave in ways that:

Which of the following provides the best explanation for the results of the Stanford Prison experiment?

_________ occurs when people's social identity is activated and group norms become maximally accessible.

Norms can influence behavior even when they are not directly activated.