Question 1

Most infants show signs of comprehending words, including pointing and waving, at which age?

Accepted Answer

Infants typically start showing signs of comprehending words at around 6-8 months old. This includes being able to point to objects or people named by parents or caregivers, as well as waving goodbye or responding to certain familiar words or phrases.

Question 2

Children increase their vocabulary, on average, from 50 to 200 words during which age span?

Accepted Answer

According to research, children increase their vocabulary from 50 to 200 words between the age span of 18-24 months.

Question 3

At approximately what age will children use 2 word phrases to express thoughts?

Accepted Answer

Children typically start using two-word phrases to express thoughts around 24 months (2 years) of age. This is a key developmental milestone in language acquisition.

Question 4

Most children will have a vocabulary of approximately 1000 words by what age?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 36 months (3 years), most children have a vocabulary of approximately 1000 words. This is a significant period of language development for toddlers.

Question 5

Although there is some disagreement between researchers on the role poverty, stress, and culture play in children's language acquisition, most researchers agree

Accepted Answer

Most researchers agree that parents' verbal interactions with children impact the rate and quality of children's language development. While there may be some disagreement on the role of poverty, stress, and culture, the impact of verbal interactions with parents is widely accepted. The other choices are not supported by research.

Question 6

Language acquisition is:

Accepted Answer

Language acquisition is influenced both by behavioral factors, such as exposure to language and reinforcement of correct language use, and biological factors, such as brain development and genetics. Research has shown that both factors play significant roles in the acquisition and development of language in children.

Question 7

Stranger anxiety normally develops at what age?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety typically develops around six months of age, as babies begin to form strong attachments to their familiar caregivers and can show distress around strangers.

Question 8

Separation anxiety typically develops at what age?

Accepted Answer

Separation anxiety typically develops around 12-18 months of age.

Question 9

An emotional development milestone in which children can detect and respond appropriately to emotional cues in others is called:

Accepted Answer

Social referencing is the ability of children to detect and respond appropriately to emotional cues in others. Separation anxiety refers to distress when separated from a primary caregiver, social orientation refers to the process of gaining familiarity with social norms and settings, and collective awareness pertains to a group's understanding of its shared goals and values.

Question 10

The ability to pick up small objects is associated with:

Accepted Answer

The ability to pick up small objects requires the coordination of small muscles in the fingers and hands, which is a development of fine motor skills. Gross motor skills involve larger muscle groups and movements such as running, jumping, and crawling. Formal operations refer to the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically, which is a cognitive development stage in adolescence. Proximodistal development refers to the pattern of growth from the center of the body outward, which is seen in early motor development.

Question 11

The idea that infant development follows the progression of neck, head, and arms followed by crawling and walking refers to:

Accepted Answer

Cephalocaudal development refers to the pattern of growth and development that starts from the head and progresses downwards towards the feet, which includes the development of neck, head, and arms before crawling and walking.

Question 12

The tendency of the trunk area of an infant's body to develop before the extremities is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Proximodistal development refers to the pattern in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.

Question 13

Infants normally begin to hold objects and bang them together at what age?

Accepted Answer

Infants normally begin to hold objects and bang them together at around 6 months of age. At this point, they are developing their hand-eye coordination and learning about cause-and-effect relationships. While some infants may begin to grasp objects and bring them to their mouth as early as 3 months, this action is not necessarily an intentional act of exploration like banging objects together. By 9 months, many infants have developed a pincer grasp and can pick up small objects with their fingers, while by 12 months they may be able to stack blocks or place objects into containers.

Question 14

In Ainsworth's styles of attachment, an infant who is clingy with the caregiver and refuses to explore or be comforted is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

An infant who is clingy with the caregiver and refuses to explore or be comforted is referred to as insecure resistant in Ainsworth's styles of attachment. Insecure avoidant infants will avoid the caregiver and show little emotion when separated or reunited, while secure infants explore freely but seek comfort from the caregiver when frightened. Insecure disorganized infants show a lack of coherent attachment behavior and may display odd or contradictory behavior towards the caregiver.

Question 15

In Ainsworth's styles of attachment, an infant who may show fear, anxiety, or resistance around the caregiver is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Ainsworth's styles of attachment, an infant...

Question 16

The bond development between an infant and their caregiver is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The bond development between an infant and their caregiver is called attachment. This term specifically refers to the emotional connection and bond that develops over time between a child and their primary caregiver.

Question 17

In attachment theory, how does daycare affect attachment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In attachment theory, how does daycare affect...

Question 18

"A set of culturally accepted activities, expectations, and behaviors assigned to males and females" refers to

Accepted Answer

The term "gender roles" specifically refers to the set of expectations, behaviors, and activities that are culturally assigned to individuals based on their gender. Sexual orientation refers to the gender(s) an individual is attracted to, chromosomal assignment refers to the biological sex an individual is born with, and social stereotyping refers to making assumptions or generalizations about individuals based on societal beliefs and prejudices.

Question 19

"A child's gender identity and gender expression are congruent with the sex they were assigned at birth" refers to which term?

Accepted Answer

The statement refers to the term cisgender, which means a person whose gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth. Gender role refers to societal expectations and norms around how people of a certain gender should behave. Sexual orientation refers to a person's romantic and/or sexual attraction to others. Transgender refers to a person whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth.

Question 20

Which term refers to the idea that there is a wider, more flexible range of gender experiences that people can have, that these experiences may or may not be congruent with socially acceptable binary definitions of gender?

Accepted Answer

Gender fluidity refers to the idea that gender is not fixed and can fluctuate or change over time. It acknowledges that there is a broad spectrum of gender identities beyond the traditional binary of male and female.

Quiz 7: Development in Infancy and Early Childhood