Question 1

The physical and social demands put on people are referred to as competence.

Accepted Answer

Competence refers to the abilities and skills that enable an individual to perform a task effectively, while the physical and social demands put on people are more accurately described as stressors or challenges.

Question 2

Continuity theory proposes that coping often involves the use of familiar strategies based on past experience.

Accepted Answer

Continuity theory suggests that individuals rely on familiar coping strategies developed over time and based on past experiences, rather than completely changing their approach during times of stress or change. This helps individuals maintain a sense of continuity and stability in their lives.

Question 3

The degree of emotional regulation elderly adults have is predicted by their cognitive ability, with higher cognitive ability associated with higher emotional regulation.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that cognitive ability is positively associated with emotional regulation in older adults. Higher cognitive ability allows older adults to better regulate their emotions in response to daily stresses and challenges.

Question 4

The amount of social support provided by social convoys does not vary by generation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The amount of social support provided by...

Question 5

Older women are particularly disadvantaged compared to older men with regard to chronic illnesses.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that older women are more likely to suffer from chronic illnesses such as arthritis, osteoporosis, and depression compared to older men. They are also more likely to have multiple chronic illnesses and experience greater disability, leading to a higher risk of mortality. This is partially due to biological factors such as hormonal changes and a longer lifespan, as well as social and economic factors such as gender disparities in access to healthcare and education.

Question 6

The major problem facing Medicare involves

Accepted Answer

The major problem facing Medicare is the continuously rising healthcare costs. As the population continues to age and require more medical services, the costs of providing those services get higher, putting a strain on the Medicare program's funding.

Question 7

During docility, a person lets the environment dictate his or her behavior.

Accepted Answer

During docility, a person is submissive to external factors and allows them to influence their behavior.

Question 8

Compared to younger couples, older married couples tend to be more similar in terms of mental and physical health.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that older married couples tend to be more similar in terms of mental and physical health compared to younger couples. This is due to a phenomenon called "assortative mating", where people tend to choose partners who are similar to themselves in various aspects. Over time, the similarities between partners may amplify, resulting in greater similarities in health outcomes.

Question 9

Feelings of self-worth tend to be lowest in individuals with high levels of spirituality.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Studies have actually found that individuals with higher levels of spirituality tend to have greater feelings of self-worth and self-esteem.

Question 10

Erikson saw later life as a struggle between integrity and despair.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development proposed that in the final stage of life, individuals engage in a conflict between a sense of integrity and a feeling of despair. This stage is referred to as "Ego Integrity vs. Despair" and is characterized by an evaluation of one's life and a sense of satisfaction with one's accomplishments and experiences. Those who have achieved a sense of integrity feel proud of their accomplishments and have a sense of wisdom, while those who struggle with despair may feel regret, disappointment, and a sense of hopelessness about their life.

Question 11

Older adults tend to develop more new relationships than younger adults.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Research has shown that older adults tend to have a smaller social network and fewer new relationships than younger adults. This is due to factors such as retirement, fewer opportunities for socialization, and the loss of loved ones.

Question 12

The struggle of identity versus role confusion requires that people engage in a life review.

Accepted Answer

The struggle of identity versus role confusion is a concept from Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, specifically occurring during adolescence. It does not involve a life review, which is more associated with Erikson's later stage of ego integrity vs. despair in older adulthood.

Question 13

"La fé de la gente" (faith of the people) is best associated with African-American culture.

Accepted Answer

"La fé de la gente" is a Spanish phrase and is more closely associated with Hispanic or Latino cultures rather than African-American culture.

Question 14

Marital satisfaction tends to be high if one spouse is caring for the other spouse who has Alzheimer's disease.

Accepted Answer

Caring for a spouse with Alzheimer's disease often leads to increased stress, emotional strain, and decreased marital satisfaction due to the caregiving demands and the emotional toll of witnessing a spouse's cognitive decline.

Question 15

Life satisfaction is strongly correlated with the number and quality of friendships, but poorly correlated with the number and quality of family relationships.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that the quantity and quality of friendships are strongly associated with life satisfaction, while the same cannot be said for family relationships. While family relationships can provide important support and love, they do not necessarily guarantee life satisfaction.

Question 16

The retirement experience appears to be different for women and men.

Accepted Answer

Studies and research have shown that women tend to have different retirement experiences than men due to factors such as longer life expectancy, lower incomes, and different social roles and responsibilities.

Question 17

Subjective well-being can be assessed using measures of life satisfaction, self-esteem, and happiness.

Accepted Answer

Subjective well-being can indeed be assessed using measures of life satisfaction, self-esteem, and happiness.

Question 18

For most people, retirement is not a major life transition.

Accepted Answer

Retirement is a major life transition for many people as it often involves significant changes in routine, identity, and financial stability.

Question 19

A "crisp" retirement occurs when there is a clean break from employment.

Accepted Answer

A crisp retirement refers to a clear and definite end to one's working career, without any lingering ties to employment.

Question 20

In the adaptation level, the press level is low and the behavior is normal.

Accepted Answer

In the adaptation level, the press level is high and the behavior is seen as normal.

Quiz 15: Social Aspects of Later Life: Psychosocial, Retirement, Relationship, and Societal Issues