Question 1

Since the police reform movement of the 1930s, the primary job of the police has narrowed to:

Accepted Answer

The primary job of the police has increasingly focused on the role of crime fighting since the police reform movement of the 1930s, emphasizing law enforcement and public safety.

Question 2

As police agencies matured, four generally accepted accounting practices became enshrined as the key measures to evaluate police performance.Which of the following is one of the practices?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed (response times, clearance rates, and reported crime rates) are traditional measures used to evaluate police performance. Response times assess how quickly police respond to calls, clearance rates measure the proportion of cases that are solved, and reported crime rates indicate the level of crime in a community.

Question 3

The number of ____________ now far exceeds the number of ____________.

Accepted Answer

The number of privately employed security personnel now far exceeds the number of public police officers, reflecting a global trend towards the privatization of security.

Question 4

From 1972 to 2002, the United States has increased its incarceration rate by:

Accepted Answer

The answer of From 1972 to 2002, the United States...

Question 5

According to the text, the ____________ statistics compiled by the FBI show trends, but they do not provide a true picture of the crimes actually committed at any specific time.

Accepted Answer

The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compiled by the FBI are designed to show trends in crime, but they have been criticized for not providing a true picture of the crimes actually committed at any specific time due to limitations in reporting and data collection methods.

Question 6

The __________ is conducted by the U.S.Census Bureau for the Bureau of Justice Statistics.Approximately 40,000 households and 73,000 individuals are interviewed about their crime victimization.

Accepted Answer

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Justice Statistics. It interviews about 40,000 households and 73,000 individuals regarding their experiences with crime victimization.

Question 7

Proponents of the deterrence theory propose that there are only three times that police can affect crime.One of these times is:

Accepted Answer

Deterrence theory suggests that police can prevent crime by their presence and actions, deterring potential offenders from committing crimes due to the fear of being caught and punished.

Question 8

Regarding traditional policy, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true regarding traditional policing. Traditional policing often relies on the presence of patrol officers as a means to deter crime, both by creating a visible law enforcement presence that may prevent crime from occurring and by fostering a perception among potential criminals that they are likely to be caught.

Question 9

The ___________ was a major study to determine the effectiveness of patrol.

Accepted Answer

The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Study was a major study conducted to determine the effectiveness of patrol in preventing and deterring crime.

Question 10

One study showed that 75% of serious crimes were cold when police were notified, and that delays in calling the police are attributable to:

Accepted Answer

Delays in calling the police can be attributed to a variety of factors including apathy, where individuals may not feel compelled to report a crime; shame, where victims may feel embarrassed or stigmatized by the incident; and trauma, where the psychological impact of the crime may hinder immediate reporting. These factors collectively contribute to delays in notifying law enforcement about serious crimes.

Question 11

According to research by Eck, there are three categories of crimes facing investigators.As a result of his research, it was recommended that investigators be assigned the following category of criminal investigations:

Accepted Answer

Eck's research suggests that investigators should focus on crimes that can be solved with moderate effort, as these are the cases where their efforts are most likely to yield successful outcomes.

Question 12

The showed arrest was the most effective of the three standard methods police use to reduce domestic violence.

Accepted Answer

The Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment demonstrated that arrest was more effective than other methods (such as sending the perpetrator away for a few hours or mediation) in reducing re-offenses of domestic violence.

Question 13

The RAND Corporation conducted a study of the criminal investigative process and concluded:

Accepted Answer

The RAND Corporation study found that investigators spend a significant amount of time on tasks that do not necessarily lead to solving cases, such as reviewing reports and attempting to locate and interview victims in cases that are unlikely to be solved.

Question 14

Community policing can reduce violence by targeting domestic violence by:

Accepted Answer

Community policing involves strategies that aim to build stronger relationships between the police and the community they serve. By enmeshing officers in the community, they can better detect signs of domestic violence, provide assistance to victims, and make follow-up visits to ensure the safety and well-being of those involved. All these actions contribute to reducing violence by addressing domestic violence proactively and supportively.

Question 15

The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Study demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Study found that varying the level of patrol did not have a significant impact on crime rates, citizen fear of crime, community attitudes towards the police, or police response time.

Question 16

The professional model had little direct impact on crime rates even after millions of federal dollars were poured into crime-fighting programs.

Accepted Answer

The professional model of policing, which emphasizes centralized police organizations, increased use of technology, and a focus on fighting crime, has not been conclusively shown to significantly impact crime rates despite substantial federal investment in such programs. Factors influencing crime rates are complex and multifaceted, often requiring more than just policing strategies to effect meaningful change.

Question 17

According to Rosenbaum (1996), "Nearly all of the evaluation research on collective anti-crime strategies focuses on opportunity-reduction activities."

Accepted Answer

Rosenbaum (1996) highlights that the majority of evaluation research on collective anti-crime strategies has concentrated on activities aimed at reducing opportunities for crime, reflecting a focus on situational crime prevention measures.

Question 18

The UCR really tells us more about police practices than about crime.

Accepted Answer

The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program primarily reflects police activity and priorities, as it is based on crimes reported to or discovered by the police, rather than a comprehensive account of all crimes that occur.

Question 19

The violent crimes focused on by the UCR are murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault

Accepted Answer

The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program defines violent crimes as including murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.

Question 20

One rationale for having motor patrol officers cruise streets on free patrol is that their visible presence in the community should act as a deterrent to crime.

Accepted Answer

The visible presence of motor patrol officers cruising the streets is intended to deter crime by making potential criminals aware that law enforcement is actively monitoring the area, thereby reducing the likelihood of criminal activities.

Quiz 6: Community Policing and Crime