Question 1

Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduce the inflammation of arthritis through the action of which intermediary:

Accepted Answer

Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduce the inflammation of arthritis through the action of prostaglandin 3, an intermediary compound formed in omega-3 metabolism. Arachidonic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid which forms prostaglandin 2, responsible for increased inflammation.

Question 2

Which of the following is true for reactive hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

In reactive hypoglycemia peak insulin activity occurs 90-180 minutes after food is eaten, vs. the normal insulin response which occurs 30-60 minutes after eating. Reactive hypoglycemia is defined as a plasma glucose level than 50 mg/dl, is treated with a moderate carbohydrate (40 to 55%) diet, and is diagnosed by measuring blood glucose levels immediately after eating.

Question 3

Nutrient needs of infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia:

Accepted Answer

Nutrient needs of infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary disease are linked with linear growth (a measure of lung development), may include a resting energy expenditure that is 50% higher than that of normal infants, and may include the use of diuretics to regulate water balance. Bronchopulmonary disease is a common lung disorder in premature infants which increases energy needs. Diuretics are often needed to regulate water balance as a result of respiratory compromise.

Question 4

The following nutrition diagnosis is written in what type of format: "Poor glycemic control is related to skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents as evidenced by random blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl".

Accepted Answer

The nutrition diagnosis "Poor glycemic control is related to skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents as evidenced by random blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl" is written as a PES statement (P is problem, E is etiology, S is signs or symptoms). Problem = poor glycemic control, Etiology = skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents, S = blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl.

Question 5

Which dietary measures are recommended for treating hypercalcuria that is not associated with renal stones?

Accepted Answer

Limiting animal protein to less than 1.7 g/kg per day is recommended for the treatment of hypercalcuria because excessive intakes of animal protein cause calcium loss from the bones. A moderate calcium intake of 600-800 mg of calcium per day is recommended, since lowering calcium intake results in increased absorption. Increasing fluid intake does not prevent hypercalcuria.

Question 6

Which of the following is a common side effect of immunosuppressive drug therapy used in organ transplantation?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is a common side effect of immunosuppressive drug therapy used in organ transplantation, as a result of disturbances in renal hormone activity. Sodium and fluid retention and hypophosphatemia are also side effects of immunosuppressive drugs.

Question 7

Brown adipose tissue performs what function in the body:

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue is believed to regulate heat production and body temperature, particularly in infants who are susceptible to hypothermia. White adipose tissue is the major type of fat in the body. It protects internal organs from injury, stores triglycerides, and makes up the essential fat that supports many metabolic processes.

Question 8

Age-associated bone loss among the elderly:

Accepted Answer

Age-associated bone loss among the elderly affects both trabecular (spongy) and cortical (hard) bone. Age-associated bone loss may be slowed by calcium supplementation, through may not be reversed. Bone loss is slowed by weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, aerobics, and weight training, and accelerated by the use of steroid drugs.

Question 9

Which of the following vitamins functions as a hormone?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D functions in the form calcitriol as a hormone in the regulation of body calcium and phosphorus. It is also responsible for the formation of bone.

Question 10

Which of the following is true for athletic amenorrhea, the loss of menstrual periods caused by excessive exercise?

Accepted Answer

Athletic amenorrhea, the loss of menstrual periods caused by excessive exercise, results in irreversible bone loss and is treated by decreasing the intensity and amount of exercise. It is not helped by increasing intake of carbohydrates.

Quiz 1: Nutrition Support Clinician