Question 1

The most potent single predictor of an infant's future health status is _____.

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that low birthweight is the most potent single predictor of an infant's future health status. Infants who have a low birthweight are at a higher risk of experiencing health problems such as developmental delays, respiratory issues, and infections.

Question 2

What is a likely complication that obese pregnant women may face?

Accepted Answer

Obese pregnant women are more likely to have a larger-than-normal baby, also known as macrosomia, which can increase the risk of delivery complications such as shoulder dystocia and cesarean section.

Question 3

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may experience _____.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may have an increased risk of heart disease and hypertension in adulthood due to possible developmental programming of cardiovascular and metabolic systems. Option A (higher adult IQ) and Option C (tall stature) are not supported by research. Option B (much better eyesight) is unlikely to be affected by birth weight, and while option E (greater risk of psychological problems) is a possibility, it is not the most strongly supported by research.

Question 4

The effects of malnutrition during critical periods in pregnancy _____.

Accepted Answer

Malnutrition during critical periods in pregnancy can lead to irreversible effects such as low birth weight, stunted growth, developmental delays, and increased risk of chronic diseases later in life. Although a nutritious diet and supplementation can help improve outcomes, they cannot fully reverse the damage caused by malnutrition during the critical periods.

Question 5

Alcohol easily enters breast milk and can adversely affect the production, volume, composition, and ejection of breast milk, as well as overwhelm an infant's immature alcohol-degrading system.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol easily passes from the bloodstream into breast milk and can affect both the mother and the baby. It can interfere with the letdown reflex, decrease milk production, and change the taste and smell of breast milk, leading to a possible decrease in infant intake. It can also affect the baby's sleep patterns, motor development, and overall health, as their immature liver may not be able to metabolize the alcohol effectively. For these reasons, it is generally recommended that breastfeeding mothers avoid alcohol or limit their intake to one drink per day, and wait a few hours after drinking before nursing again.

Question 6

A low birthweight baby has a statistically greater chance of contracting diseases and dying early in life.

Accepted Answer

Low birthweight babies are more susceptible to infections and other health problems which can lead to early mortality.

Question 7

A pregnant woman needs ample carbohydrate intake to _____.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates provide glucose, which is the primary fuel source for the brain. By consuming sufficient carbohydrates, a pregnant woman can fuel the fetal brain and spare protein needed for fetal growth.

Question 8

A man's nutrition usually does not affect his fertility or the genetic contributions he makes to his children.

Accepted Answer

A man's nutrition can have an impact on his fertility and the quality of his sperm, which in turn can affect the genetic contributions he makes to his children. A diet that lacks sufficient nutrients, such as zinc, folate, and antioxidants, can lead to lower sperm count, motility, and morphology. On the other hand, a healthy and balanced diet can improve the chances of conception and help ensure the health of the offspring.

Question 9

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.​

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Breastfeeding can and should begin as soon as possible after birth, ideally within the first hour of life. This will help to establish the baby's feeding cues and ensure that they receive the colostrum (first milk) which is rich in nutrients and antibodies. Delaying breastfeeding can lead to problems with milk supply, difficulty latching, and increased risk of infections for the baby.

Question 10

Increasing maternal fluid intake does not increase breast milk volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increasing maternal fluid intake does not increase...

Question 11

Low-carbohydrate diets during pregnancy _____.

Accepted Answer

Low-carbohydrate diets during pregnancy may impair brain development in the fetus, as carbohydrates are essential for fetal brain growth and development. It is important for pregnant women to have a balanced diet that includes all food groups, including carbohydrates, to ensure healthy fetal development.

Question 12

Because of the dangers of obesity, an overweight woman should try to gain little or no weight during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

Gaining an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy is important for the health of the fetus. The amount of weight a woman should gain depends on her pre-pregnancy weight and BMI. Healthcare providers typically recommend weight gain even for overweight women, though the recommended amount may be less than for women of normal weight.

Question 13

Improper breastfeeding position is a frequent cause of sore nipples.

Accepted Answer

Improper breastfeeding position can often lead to soreness and discomfort in the nipples for the mother. Proper positioning and latching techniques can help prevent and alleviate nipple pain during breastfeeding.

Question 14

During pregnancy, food energy needs increase less than nutrient needs. To achieve this balance, food selection should include _____.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, nutrient needs increase to support fetal growth and development. Therefore, it is important to choose foods that are nutrient-dense, including vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, strawberries, broccoli, and tomatoes. While energy needs also increase during pregnancy, it is recommended to focus on nutrient-dense foods rather than foods of lower nutrient density (such as junk food or fried foods) to ensure the best possible outcome for both mother and baby. Whole milk and fatty meats may provide some important nutrients, but should be consumed in moderation due to their higher fat content. Calcium-rich foods are also important during pregnancy, so it would not be beneficial to decrease portions of these foods.

Question 15

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via _____.

Accepted Answer

Nutrients and oxygen are exchanged between the mother's bloodstream and the developing fetus's bloodstream through the placenta, which is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy. The placenta is responsible for filtering out waste products from the fetus's blood and transferring the necessary nutrients and oxygen for growth and development.

Question 16

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _____ kcalories in the first trimester, ____ kcalories in the second trimester, and _____ kcalories in the third trimester.

Accepted Answer

In the first trimester, a pregnant woman's daily energy needs do not increase, hence 0 kcalories. In the second trimester, the energy needs increase by 340 kcalories, and in the third trimester, they increase by 450 kcalories.

Question 17

A nursing woman produces about 100 ounces of milk a day.

Accepted Answer

A nursing woman produces an average of 25-35 ounces of milk a day, but this can vary depending on factors such as the baby's age, feeding frequency, and the mother's overall health and milk supply. 100 ounces a day would be an extremely high amount.

Question 18

Babies born to obese women are more likely to be large for gestational age, weighing more than 9 pounds.

Accepted Answer

Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of having a large for gestational age baby, which is defined as a birth weight of more than 9 pounds.

Question 19

The RDA for protein during pregnancy is an additional _____ grams per day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The RDA for protein during pregnancy is...

Question 20

A lactating mother should avoid all types of oral contraceptives.

Accepted Answer

There are certain types of oral contraceptives that are safe for breastfeeding mothers, such as progestin-only pills. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best method of contraception that is safe for both the mother and baby.

Quiz 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

The most potent single predictor of an infant's future health status is _____.

What is a likely complication that obese pregnant women may face?

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may experience _____.

The effects of malnutrition during critical periods in pregnancy _____.

Alcohol easily enters breast milk and can adversely affect the production, volume, composition, and ejection of breast milk, as well as overwhelm an infant's immature alcohol-degrading system.

A low birthweight baby has a statistically greater chance of contracting diseases and dying early in life.

A pregnant woman needs ample carbohydrate intake to _____.

A man's nutrition usually does not affect his fertility or the genetic contributions he makes to his children.

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.

Increasing maternal fluid intake does not increase breast milk volume.

Low-carbohydrate diets during pregnancy _____.

Because of the dangers of obesity, an overweight woman should try to gain little or no weight during pregnancy.

Improper breastfeeding position is a frequent cause of sore nipples.

During pregnancy, food energy needs increase less than nutrient needs. To achieve this balance, food selection should include _____.

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via _____.

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _ kcalories in the first trimester, kcalories in the second trimester, and _ kcalories in the third trimester.

A nursing woman produces about 100 ounces of milk a day.

Babies born to obese women are more likely to be large for gestational age, weighing more than 9 pounds.

The RDA for protein during pregnancy is an additional _____ grams per day.

A lactating mother should avoid all types of oral contraceptives.

Quiz 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

The most potent single predictor of an infant's future health status is _____.

What is a likely complication that obese pregnant women may face?

Research suggests that low-birthweight babies may experience _____.

The effects of malnutrition during critical periods in pregnancy _____.

Alcohol easily enters breast milk and can adversely affect the production, volume, composition, and ejection of breast milk, as well as overwhelm an infant's immature alcohol-degrading system.

A low birthweight baby has a statistically greater chance of contracting diseases and dying early in life.

A pregnant woman needs ample carbohydrate intake to _____.

A man's nutrition usually does not affect his fertility or the genetic contributions he makes to his children.

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.​

Increasing maternal fluid intake does not increase breast milk volume.

Low-carbohydrate diets during pregnancy _____.

Because of the dangers of obesity, an overweight woman should try to gain little or no weight during pregnancy.

Improper breastfeeding position is a frequent cause of sore nipples.

During pregnancy, food energy needs increase less than nutrient needs. To achieve this balance, food selection should include _____.

Nutrients and oxygen travel to the developing fetus via _____.

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _____ kcalories in the first trimester, ____ kcalories in the second trimester, and _____ kcalories in the third trimester.

A nursing woman produces about 100 ounces of milk a day.

Babies born to obese women are more likely to be large for gestational age, weighing more than 9 pounds.

The RDA for protein during pregnancy is an additional _____ grams per day.

A lactating mother should avoid all types of oral contraceptives.

Breastfeeding should not being until one month following birth.

A pregnant woman's daily energy needs increase by _ kcalories in the first trimester, kcalories in the second trimester, and _ kcalories in the third trimester.