Question 1

Mrs. Juarez is diagnosed with cirrhosis and has developed ascites. Her appetite is poor and she is losing weight. What would you encourage her to do to minimize the risk for malnutrition?​

Accepted Answer

Eating four to six times per day will help to increase caloric intake and minimize the risk for malnutrition. Consuming a liquid nutritional supplement with each meal may also be helpful, but it is not necessary to do so at every meal. Drinking more fruit juice will not necessarily provide all of the necessary nutrients and calories needed for someone with cirrhosis and ascites, and avoiding alcoholic beverages is already a given for someone with cirrhosis.

Question 2

The most common complication of alcohol abuse is _____.​

Accepted Answer

Alcoholic liver disease is the most common complication of alcohol abuse, which includes fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Other options may also occur in heavy alcohol consumption but are less common.

Question 3

Matching
-portal hypertension​

Accepted Answer

Portal hypertension is defined as elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver.

Answer: E
 Varices are abnormally dilated blood vessels that enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood.

Answer: I
 Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity and is often a consequence of portal hypertension.

Note: The rest of the terms do not match with portal hypertension.

Question 4

Matching
-VLDL

Accepted Answer

VLDL stands for very low-density lipoprotein, which is responsible for transporting triglycerides from the liver to other parts of the body.

Answer: H
 Fatty liver can lead to liver inflammation, also known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Answer: C
 Cirrhosis is an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, causing impaired liver function and liver failure.

Note: The other options listed are not directly related to VLDL or liver function.

Question 5

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Deficiency of _____ in a person who...

Question 6

Matching
-collaterals

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
-collaterals
...

Question 7

Matching
-cirrhosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
-cirrhosis
...

Question 8

One standard vodka drink (1.5 ounces) is equivalent to _____ ounces of beer.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of One standard vodka drink (1.5 ounces) is...

Question 9

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.​

Accepted Answer

Alcohol can cause a drop in blood sugar levels, leading to hypoglycemia, especially in people with diabetes.

Question 10

The main product of alcohol metabolism is _____.

Accepted Answer

The main product of alcohol metabolism is acetate, which is produced through the oxidation of acetaldehyde. VLDL, bilirubin, and ethanol are not products of alcohol metabolism. Acetaldehyde is an intermediate product, but not the main product.

Question 11

Matching
-jaundice

Accepted Answer

Jaundice is defined as yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin, a waste product that is normally processed and eliminated by the liver.

Answer: A
 Accumulation of fat in the liver is known as hepatic steatosis or fatty liver.

Answer: C
 Extensive scarring and impaired liver function leading to liver failure is known as cirrhosis.

Answer: D
 Elevated blood pressure in the portal vein due to obstructed blood flow through the liver is known as portal hypertension.

Answer: E
 Abnormally dilated blood vessels, particularly in the esophagus or stomach, are called varices.

Answer: I
 An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity is known as ascites.

The other options do not match the definition of jaundice.

Question 12

Matching
-hepatomegaly

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
-hepatomegaly
...

Question 13

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.​

Accepted Answer

Canned vegetables are generally safe for individuals with a compromised immune system, such as those who have received a transplant, because they are cooked and sealed in a sterile environment, reducing the risk of foodborne illness.

Question 14

Matching
-fatty liver

Accepted Answer

Fatty liver is characterized by an accumulation of fat in the liver, which can lead to liver damage and other health problems.

Answer: B
 Enlargement of the liver is a common symptom of liver disease, including fatty liver.

Answer: C
 Cirrhosis is an advanced stage of liver disease that occurs when extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue, impairing liver function and potentially leading to liver failure.

Answer: D
 Portal hypertension is a condition that occurs when blood flow through the liver is obstructed, causing elevated blood pressure in the portal vein. This can lead to complications like varices and ascites.

Answer: E
 Collateral blood vessels enlarge in order to allow an alternative pathway for diverted blood flow caused by portal hypertension.

Answer: F
 Varices are abnormally dilated blood vessels that occur as a result of portal hypertension.

Answer: G
 Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes that occurs due to an accumulation of bilirubin, which is a waste product produced by the liver.

Answer: H
 Hepatitis is liver inflammation that can occur due to a variety of causes, including fatty liver disease.

Answer: I
 Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, which can occur in liver disease patients as a result of portal hypertension and other factors.

Answer: J
 Excess triglycerides that are packaged and exported to the blood can contribute to the development of fatty liver disease.

Question 15

Alcohol abuse affects all of these organs except the _____.​

Accepted Answer

Alcohol abuse does not directly affect the lungs, although it may increase the risk of lung infections and diseases such as pneumonia. However, heavy alcohol use can lead to other health problems such as liver disease, GI tract issues, heart disease, and pancreatitis.

Question 16

Matching
-steatohepatitis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
-steatohepatitis
...

Question 17

A patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin. These clinical findings are evidence of _____.​

Accepted Answer

Decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin are classic laboratory findings associated with liver disease. Portal hypertension would manifest with other signs and symptoms such as ascites, splenomegaly, and varices. Esophageal varices are a possible complication of liver disease but not the likely cause of these laboratory abnormalities. Hepatic coma is a symptom of advanced liver disease and would require additional clinical findings to be diagnosed. Gallstones may cause elevated alkaline phosphatase but not decreased albumin and elevated bilirubin.

Question 18

Matching
-ascites

Accepted Answer

Ascites is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen and is often associated with liver disease, heart failure, or cancer.

Question 19

The beneficial effects of moderate alcohol intake are mainly seen in _____.​

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that moderate alcohol intake can have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, particularly in older individuals with risk factors for heart disease. Women with type 1 diabetes, people with risk factors for liver disease, men with cirrhosis, and men with prostate disease do not typically see a significant benefit from moderate alcohol intake.

Question 20

Matching
-varices

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
-varices
...

Quiz 20: Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Mrs. Juarez is diagnosed with cirrhosis and has developed ascites. Her appetite is poor and she is losing weight. What would you encourage her to do to minimize the risk for malnutrition?​

The most common complication of alcohol abuse is _____.​

Matching -portal hypertension​

Matching -VLDL

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.​

Matching -collaterals

Matching -cirrhosis

One standard vodka drink (1.5 ounces) is equivalent to _____ ounces of beer.​

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.​

The main product of alcohol metabolism is _____.

Matching -jaundice

Matching -hepatomegaly

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.​

Matching -fatty liver

Alcohol abuse affects all of these organs except the _____.​

Matching -steatohepatitis

A patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin. These clinical findings are evidence of _____.​

Matching -ascites

The beneficial effects of moderate alcohol intake are mainly seen in _____.​

Matching -varices

Mrs. Juarez is diagnosed with cirrhosis and has developed ascites. Her appetite is poor and she is losing weight. What would you encourage her to do to minimize the risk for malnutrition?

The most common complication of alcohol abuse is _____.

Matching -portal hypertension

Deficiency of _____ in a person who abuses alcohol can result in malabsorption of other nutrients, as well.

One standard vodka drink (1.5 ounces) is equivalent to _____ ounces of beer.

People with diabetes who abuse alcohol are at risk of developing _____.

Mr. Jamison eventually receives a liver transplant. Due to the risk of foodborne illness, Mr. Jamison should avoid all of these foods except _____.

Alcohol abuse affects all of these organs except the _____.

A patient is admitted to the hospital with decreased albumin, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevated bilirubin. These clinical findings are evidence of _____.

The beneficial effects of moderate alcohol intake are mainly seen in _____.