Question 1

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Rebecca teaches classes for adult learners. She wants her students to understand the value of lifelong learning. Which of the following is a means of lifelong learning?

Accepted Answer

Lifelong learning, which is voluntary, self-motivated learning for personal or professional development, can be attained in many ways. Adult education refers to any formal education later in adulthood, after the age of traditional education. Professional development and on-the-job training refer to anything that strengthens an individual's professional skills. Many careers and licensures require that professionals attend classes to learn the latest information in their field. Learning for pleasure refers to the acquisition of any skills or knowledge for personal development.

Question 2

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Brad has been an attorney for five years. Although he is trained and runs a successful practice, his state requires that he take eight hours of classes every year. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Accepted Answer

Professional development refers to anything that strengthens an individual's professional skills. Many careers and licensures require that professionals attend classes to learn the latest information in their field.

Question 3

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Violet is a kindergartener. In her class, she has learned the days of the week, colors, numbers, and how to read some words. She has also learned about different seasons of the year and animals in her community. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Accepted Answer

Although Violet is learning new things every day in her kindergarten class, lifelong learning is voluntary, self-motivated learning for personal or professional development. At Violet's age, she will learn new things in almost any environment. Additionally, her kindergarten class is a mandatory component of a traditional schooling system.

Question 4

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Steve has worked for many years in the IT department of a large company. He never went to college but learned skills on the job. His boss told him that if he earned a degree in his field, he would be eligible for a promotion. Steve begins taking online classes so he can earn a degree and qualify for the promotion. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Accepted Answer

Adult education is any formal education designed for adults; it typically is different than that designed for children and traditional college students. In Steve's case, online classes allow him to continue working during the day while continuing his education.

Question 5

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Loretta recently retired from her job as a nurse. She decided she wanted to start a vegetable garden. After designating an area on her property, she went to the library and checked out books about gardening. She learned about different vegetables, and how to best grow them. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Accepted Answer

Learning for pleasure is self-directed, intrinsically motivated learning for no other reason besides self-fulfillment. In this example, Loretta is gardening for her own pleasure, not to attain a job, enhance a career, or earn a grade.

Question 6

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Daniel recently graduated college. As he prepares for his future career, he is committed to being a responsible citizen. Which of the following can he do?

Accepted Answer

Responsible citizenship means many things, but in general, responsible citizens are committed to the health and harmony of their community. Being so often means employing appropriate strategies for resolving conflict, demonstrating integrity, and respecting others.

Question 7

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Lisa recently moved to a new town. She wants to feel like she is a part of her new community. What can she do?

Accepted Answer

There are many ways to build community. Any activity that connects an individual to the community and the people in it will foster a sense of belonging. Greeting neighbors, volunteering, and voting are some ways to do this.

Question 8

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Caulkins asks his college class to make a list of the five character traits they most value in themselves. Which is an example of a character trait?

Accepted Answer

Character is typically defined as an individual's mental and moral qualities, often including traits such as courage, honesty, and integrity. Being very tall is a physical trait and does not reflect character. Helping others is a behavior. Although helping others can be indicative of a character trait, it is not a character trait in itself.

Question 9

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Amber is writing for her college newspaper. She wants her article to be informative and to contain factual information. Which of the following is a feature of factual information?

Accepted Answer

Factual information can be described in concrete words and supported by measurable statistics. Amber's opinions are valuable, but should not be stated as fact. Additionally, while it is appropriate for Amber to encourage her readers to think critically about the information she presents, that should not impact the facts presented.

Question 10

Educational Aims and Philosophies
-Chris recently started a new job. Many of his co-workers have social relationships and he feels left out. What can he do to build community within the work place?

Accepted Answer

Chris can initiate friendship by joining co-workers in a non-confrontational, friendly way. Joining in gossip may provide Chris with friends, but could also provide him with enemies. Ignoring his co-workers may signal that he is not interested in friendship.

Question 11

Individual Differences
-Claire is in 4th grade and struggles with reading. Her teacher suggested that she be assessed so that potential problems can be identified. For what should Claire be assessed?

Accepted Answer

Claire should be assessed for a learning disability. A learning disability is a disorder of cognitive processing that interferes with learning. Learning disabilities are most often diagnosed when an individual's level of functioning is below their level of intelligence.

Question 12

Individual Differences
-Claire is in 4th grade and struggles with reading. After Claire is assessed for learning disabilities, the school psychologist finds that Claire's intelligence is in the normal range for her age, but her reading level is far below average. Additionally, Claire has trouble deciphering symbols related to language and often sees letters backwards. Which learning disability does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by difficulty recognizing and processing symbols, making reading challenging. Dyslexia is most often diagnosed when an individual's level of reading is below their level of intelligence.

Question 13

Individual Differences
-Cyrus is in 4th grade and struggles with language and motor skills. After Cyrus is assessed for learning disabilities, the school psychologist finds that Cyrus' intelligence is in the normal range for his age, but his ability to speak clearly and hold a pencil lag behind. His hand often aches when he writes in class. Which learning disability does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Dyspraxia is a disorder that affects an individual's ability to coordinate bodily movements in order to reach goals. Dyspraxia is most often diagnosed when an individual's level of motor functioning impairs learning and is below their level of intelligence.

Question 14

Individual Differences
-Shane is in 4th grade and earns poor grades in school. After Shane is assessed for learning disabilities, the school psychologist finds that Shane's intelligence is in the normal range for his age, but his inability to sit still and pay attention in class is affecting his learning. His teacher says he interrupts frequently and gets out of his seat to walk around several times a day. Which learning disability does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Attention deficit disorder (ADD) affects an individual's ability to sustain attention or focus. ADD is most often diagnosed when an individual's level of attention and focus impairs learning and is below their level of intelligence.

Question 15

Individual Differences
-Shane is in 4th grade and earns poor grades in school. After Shane is assessed for learning disabilities, the school psychologist finds that Shane's intelligence is in the normal range for his age, but his inability to sit still and pay attention in class is affecting his learning. The school psychologist then diagnoses Shane with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and explains to Shane's parents that he has a very high aptitude for learning. In this example, what does the doctor mean by aptitude?

Accepted Answer

In this example, aptitude refer to cognitive ability. Aptitude can refer to general intelligence but can also refer to more specific cognitive abilities, such as verbal or spatial abilities. In this example, the school psychologist is letting Shane's parents know that once his ADD is treated, there is no cognitive reason that Shane cannot succeed in school.

Question 16

Individual Differences
-Abbey is a 7th grade student. She does well in school, but she has an easier time with assignments when she can use pictures or graphs to organize the information she is learning. What learning style does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Abbey has a spatial learning style. Spatial learners tend to prefer using pictures and images for learning. Different people learn in different ways. Learning styles describe common ways that individuals use to learn. Many people use more than one learning style, but most people prefer one or two dominant learning styles.

Question 17

Individual Differences
-Bryce is a 5th grade student. For school, he must memorize each of the United States and their capitols. He struggles with this until he learns a song to help remember. What learning style does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Bryce has an auditory-musical learning style. Auditory-musical learners prefer using sound and music to learn. Auditory-musical learners often recall how a tune or jingle sounds in order to recall the associated information.

Question 18

Individual Differences
-Corinna is a graduate student. When studying for a test, she finds that writing information on note cards and reading them frequently helps her prepare. What learning style does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Corinna has a linguistic learning style. Linguistic learners tend to prefer using written and verbal speech to learn. Making flashcards, re-writing notes, and creating written outlines are techniques often employed by individuals with this learning style.

Question 19

Individual Differences
-Dave is a construction worker. When learning a new project or skill, he learns best by doing it. When his body is moving, he has an easier time remembering what to do. What learning style does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Dave has a kinesthetic learning style. Kinesthetic learners tend to prefer using their hands, bodies, and sense of touch for learning. Going through the physical movements of a task helps people with this learning style recall information about the task.

Question 20

Individual Differences
-Erik is a software developer. When solving problems, he prefers to use systems, reasoning, and logic. He is very good at solving puzzles and riddles, but is sometimes perplexed by highly emotional situations. What learning style does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Erik has a mathematical learning style. Mathematical learners tend to prefer using logic, reasoning, and systems for learning. People with this learning style look for straightforward progressions of ideas to recall and understand a topic.

Quiz 3: CLEP: Educational Psychology

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Rebecca teaches classes for adult learners. She wants her students to understand the value of lifelong learning. Which of the following is a means of lifelong learning?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Brad has been an attorney for five years. Although he is trained and runs a successful practice, his state requires that he take eight hours of classes every year. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Violet is a kindergartener. In her class, she has learned the days of the week, colors, numbers, and how to read some words. She has also learned about different seasons of the year and animals in her community. What type of lifelong learning is this?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Daniel recently graduated college. As he prepares for his future career, he is committed to being a responsible citizen. Which of the following can he do?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Lisa recently moved to a new town. She wants to feel like she is a part of her new community. What can she do?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Caulkins asks his college class to make a list of the five character traits they most value in themselves. Which is an example of a character trait?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Amber is writing for her college newspaper. She wants her article to be informative and to contain factual information. Which of the following is a feature of factual information?

Educational Aims and Philosophies -Chris recently started a new job. Many of his co-workers have social relationships and he feels left out. What can he do to build community within the work place?

Individual Differences -Claire is in 4th grade and struggles with reading. Her teacher suggested that she be assessed so that potential problems can be identified. For what should Claire be assessed?

Individual Differences -Abbey is a 7th grade student. She does well in school, but she has an easier time with assignments when she can use pictures or graphs to organize the information she is learning. What learning style does this describe?

Individual Differences -Bryce is a 5th grade student. For school, he must memorize each of the United States and their capitols. He struggles with this until he learns a song to help remember. What learning style does this describe?

Individual Differences -Corinna is a graduate student. When studying for a test, she finds that writing information on note cards and reading them frequently helps her prepare. What learning style does this describe?

Individual Differences -Dave is a construction worker. When learning a new project or skill, he learns best by doing it. When his body is moving, he has an easier time remembering what to do. What learning style does this describe?

Individual Differences -Erik is a software developer. When solving problems, he prefers to use systems, reasoning, and logic. He is very good at solving puzzles and riddles, but is sometimes perplexed by highly emotional situations. What learning style does this describe?