Question 1

Which is NOT true about epidemiology?

Accepted Answer

The goal of epidemiology is to discover facts essential or contributory to the occurrence of disease in the general population.

Question 2

Which is NOT a personal attribute that manifests itself in the host?

Accepted Answer

Genetic predisposition is related to the host; genetic factors are related to the agent.

Question 3

Which is the measure defined as number of persons who have an attribute/disease at a particular time divided by the population at risk of having an attribute/disease at this point in time?

Accepted Answer

Prevalence rate is number of persons who have an attribute/disease at a particular time divided by the population at risk of having an attribute/disease at this point in time.

Question 4

Which is the measure defined as number of exposed cases/number of unexposed cases divided by number of exposed controls/number of unexposed controls?

Accepted Answer

The odds ratio measure is defined as number of exposed cases/number of unexposed cases divided by number of exposed controls/number of unexposed controls.

Question 5

Which is the study design in which the relationship between health outcomes and other factors of interest is examined within a defined population at one particular time?

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study design is when the relationship between health outcomes and other factors of interest is examined within a defined population at one particular time.

Question 6

Which is NOT true of the cross-sectional study design?

Accepted Answer

The cross-sectional design is the least convincing study design in epidemiology.

Question 7

Which is NOT true of temporality?

Accepted Answer

This is related to coherence, not temporality.

Question 8

Which is NOT one of the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies?

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity is not one of the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies.

Question 9

What is true of the odds ratio? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Relative risk, not odds ratio, is defined as the ratio of the rate in a population subgroup exposed to an agent that is believed to cause a disease, injury, or death to the rate in a population subgroup not exposed.

Question 10

What is true of epidemiological studies? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological studies cannot determine cause and effect, only causal relationships.

Question 11

What is true of cross-sectional studies? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Case-control data, not cross-sectional data, must have existed before the disease or injury.

Question 12

What is true about the discipline of epidemiology? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The goal of epidemiology is to discover facts essential or contributory to the occurrence of disease in the general population.

Question 13

What is true of the web of causation? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

For effective public health interventions to be carried out, you do not need a complete knowledge of the web of causation.

Question 14

What are the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity is not one of the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies.

Question 15

What is true of bias? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Information bias results from errors in classification of risk status or disease status.

Question 16

Odds ratio is defined as the ratio of the rate in a population subgroup exposed to an agent that is believed to cause a disease, injury, or death to the rate in a population subgroup not exposed.

Accepted Answer

Relative risk, not odds ratio, is defined as the ratio of the rate in a population subgroup exposed to an agent that is believed to cause a disease, injury, or death to the rate in a population subgroup not exposed.

Question 17

The application of epidemiology requires knowledge of causal factors relative to the occurrence of specific health events in order to determine cause and effect.

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological studies cannot determine cause and effect, only causal relationships.

Question 18

In the epidemiological triad model, the factors associated with the host are age, gender, or race/ethnicity.

Accepted Answer

In the epidemiological triad model, the factors associated with the host are age, gender, or race/ethnicity.

Question 19

Case-control data must have existed before the disease or injury (i.e., historical data).

Accepted Answer

Case-control data must have existed before the disease or injury (i.e., historical data).

Question 20

The web of causation can be defined such that the effect may be the result of a complex interaction of causes, so that the main cause can be isolated.

Accepted Answer

The web of causation can be defined such that the effect may be the result of a complex interaction of causes, with the understanding that not every effect is the result of a single cause.

Quiz 8: Epidemiological Methods in Sport and Exercise Science

Which is NOT true about epidemiology?

Which is NOT a personal attribute that manifests itself in the host?

Which is the measure defined as number of persons who have an attribute/disease at a particular time divided by the population at risk of having an attribute/disease at this point in time?

Which is the measure defined as number of exposed cases/number of unexposed cases divided by number of exposed controls/number of unexposed controls?

Which is the study design in which the relationship between health outcomes and other factors of interest is examined within a defined population at one particular time?

Which is NOT true of the cross-sectional study design?

Which is NOT true of temporality?

Which is NOT one of the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies?

What is true of the odds ratio? Select all that apply.

What is true of epidemiological studies? Select all that apply.

What is true of cross-sectional studies? Select all that apply.

What is true about the discipline of epidemiology? Select all that apply.

What is true of the web of causation? Select all that apply.

What are the factors cited as the checklist for causality in epidemiological studies? Select all that apply.

What is true of bias? Select all that apply.

Odds ratio is defined as the ratio of the rate in a population subgroup exposed to an agent that is believed to cause a disease, injury, or death to the rate in a population subgroup not exposed.

The application of epidemiology requires knowledge of causal factors relative to the occurrence of specific health events in order to determine cause and effect.

In the epidemiological triad model, the factors associated with the host are age, gender, or race/ethnicity.

Case-control data must have existed before the disease or injury (i.e., historical data).

The web of causation can be defined such that the effect may be the result of a complex interaction of causes, so that the main cause can be isolated.