Question 1

Based on age, what should the nurse teach the mother of a 3 month old regarding the cognitive development of her child?

Accepted Answer

At 3 months old, infants typically laugh, squeal, look at objects for several seconds, and begin to reach for and grasp objects, indicating their cognitive development and interaction with their environment.

Question 2

The nurse observes that an infant continuously smiles, babbles, follows light and reacts to the noises in the environment. Based on this information, the nurse concludes that the child is approximately how old?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

A 4-year-old has broken his leg and is fitted with a full leg cast that impairs his mobility greatly. At a follow-up visit, the mother expresses concern that he has "started wetting the bed again." What response should the nurse provide the mother to address her concerns?

Accepted Answer

During times of stress, illness, or significant change, children may regress to earlier stages of development. This can include behaviors such as bedwetting, especially if they are coping with new limitations or discomforts, such as being in a cast. This response acknowledges the situation without attributing negative motivations to the child's behavior.

Question 4

When discussing the growth and development of an infant with a client, the nurse refers to various theories and phases of development. The nurse is reviewing the major points of Erikson's theory of development with a client. What explanation of this theory should the nurse provide?

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development posits that each stage of life is characterized by a specific conflict that must be resolved for healthy personality development. This involves dealing with significant life changes and challenges at each stage.

Question 5

The family consists of an infant, school-aged child, teenager, mother, and father and an uncle. Which individual in this family exerts the most lasting influence on the ongoing development of the infant? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The family consists of an infant, school-aged...

Question 6

A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the formal operations level of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

The formal operations level of cognitive development, according to Piaget, begins after age 12, where children develop the ability to think abstractly and engage in complex problem-solving.

Question 7

Which statement made by a child indicates they are functioning at the concrete
Operations level of Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

Piaget's concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 11) involves children beginning to think logically about concrete events. They understand the concept of conservation, can organize objects into hierarchical classes (classification), and can perform operations and understand their reversibility. Choice D reflects an understanding of empathy and consequences, which aligns with the ability to think logically about situations and consider others' feelings, indicative of the concrete operational stage.

Question 8

A mother tells the nurse that her child has been able to recognize a quart of milk whether it is in the milk container or poured into a plastic jug as the same amount. Based on this information that the nurse collected about the child's current cognitive development, this skill most likely is an example of what concrete operation characteristic of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

The ability to recognize that the quantity of milk remains the same regardless of the container it is in demonstrates the child's understanding of conservation of matter. This is a key concept in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, specifically within the concrete operational stage, where children begin to understand that properties such as volume, mass, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms or arrangements of objects.

Question 9

What is considered to be a normal attention span for a toddler?

Accepted Answer

A normal attention span for a toddler is typically 5 to 10 minutes, depending on their age, the task, and their level of interest.

Question 10

When asked about playing, the parents of a 3-year-old share that he plays with his toys in the same area as other children but never interacts with them. Nurse documents that the child engages in what form of play?

Accepted Answer

Solitary play is when a child plays alone, without interacting with other children.

Question 11

When considering human growth and development, what example describes proximodistal direction movements?

Accepted Answer

The proximodistal trend in human growth and development refers to the pattern where growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities. Rolling over involves core body muscles, which develop before the finer motor skills needed for grasping objects with the hands.

Question 12

The nurse is collecting data about a baby in the well-baby clinic. The nurse reads in the electronic medical records that are present. What behavior observed during the physical assessment of a child confirms the presents of cephalocaudal direction movements?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is collecting data about a...

Question 13

A mother asks the nurse what is the first solid food that she should give her infant. What food should the nurse suggest the mother introduce first?

Accepted Answer

Iron-fortified cereal is commonly recommended as the first solid food for infants due to its high iron content, which is important for infant growth and development, and its easy digestibility.

Question 14

A nurse discussing feeding practices with the mother of an infant learns that she regularly feeds the child by propping the bottle on a blanket in the crib. Based on this information, which assessment should the nurse perform on the child?

Accepted Answer

Erosion of tooth enamel on the child's primary or baby teeth is a potential risk associated with prolonged bottle feeding, especially when the bottle is propped in the crib.

Question 15

A mother expresses concern that her toddler still sucks her thumb and asks about the adverse effect of thumb sucking. What response should the nurse make to this mother's concern?

Accepted Answer

Thumb sucking can cause problems if the child sucks intensely for long periods of time.

Question 16

What are the normal cognitive and motor development expectations that should be observed by a nurse in a 4-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 4, children typically can state their full name and age as part of their cognitive development milestones.

Question 17

A mother has just delivered her first baby and asks the nurse about routines at home. Based on this question, what information should the nurse provide the new mother about establishing routines with an infant?

Accepted Answer

Routines help infants learn to expect certain activities, which builds trust and security.

Question 18

When discussing the concrete operations stage of development, which example of childhood behavior should the nurse present?

Accepted Answer

The concrete operations stage of development, as described by Piaget, typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11 years. During this stage, children gain a better understanding of mental operations. They begin to think logically about concrete events and understand the concepts of conservation (such as weight and volume), mathematical transformations, and other logical operations. This is why the ability to understand the concepts of weight and volume is a characteristic behavior of this stage.

Question 19

Which characteristic behavior is demonstrated by a 4-year-old child in the preoperational stage as described by Piaget?

Accepted Answer

At the preoperational stage, children are egocentric and struggle with understanding perspectives outside their own, which is reflected in not wanting to share but still feeling empathy when another child is upset.

Question 20

While collecting data from the parents of a 2-year-old child, the child starts to cry, scream, and lashes out every time the nurse tries to pick up the child from the mother's arms. During a physical assessment a 2-year-old screams and lashes out each time the nurse attempts to move the child from the mother's arms to the examine table. Based on this observation, what conclusion should the nurse make about this child's emotional development?

Accepted Answer

The child's behavior is indicative of normal toddler development, where children often exhibit stranger anxiety and may resist separation from their parents, especially in unfamiliar or stressful situations like a medical examination.

Quiz 10: Infancy and Childhood