Question 1

In client-centered therapy, the therapist must show genuine acceptance and empathy for the client, regardless of what he or she has said or done. This is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard is a term used in client-centered therapy to describe the therapist's acceptance and support of a client, no matter what the client says or does. This concept was developed by Carl Rogers, the founder of client-centered therapy, and it emphasizes the importance of a non-judgmental, accepting environment for therapeutic growth.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about group therapies?

Accepted Answer

Group therapies often have structured processes and clear treatment goals, such as overcoming social anxiety disorder, which can be effectively addressed in a group setting.

Question 3

Mallory, a compulsive gambler, regularly attends therapeutic meetings in which there is a group facilitator and an open format. Although there are no formal program goals, she says she benefits greatly from the sense of community offered by people who share common situations in life. Nancy is attending ________.

Accepted Answer

Nancy is attending a support group, as indicated by the open format, lack of formal program goals, and the sense of community among people with common life situations.

Question 4

A class of drugs called phenothiazines were discovered by ________.

Accepted Answer

Henri Laborit was a French surgeon and neuroscientist who is credited with the discovery of the class of drugs known as phenothiazines, which are used as antipsychotics.

Question 5

Juan is entering group therapy for treatment of his alcoholism. Which of the following can he expect during the therapy?

Accepted Answer

Group therapy for alcoholism typically involves a structured process, including discussions, sharing experiences, and support from peers and therapists, rather than techniques like systematic desensitization, electroconvulsive therapy, or conditioned flooding, which are not standard practices for alcoholism treatment in a group setting.

Question 6

Which of the following reasons is true for why SSRIs take about four weeks to have a therapeutic effect?

Accepted Answer

SSRIs increase the level of serotonin in the brain, but their therapeutic effects are not immediate because it takes time for the brain to adjust to the increased serotonin levels. This adjustment includes the formation of new serotonin receptors and the adaptation of existing neural circuits to the increased availability of serotonin, which can take several weeks.

Question 7

Dr. Hall is in a therapy session with his client Steve, who is a violent criminal. Although Dr. Hall does not approve of his actions, he still shows genuine acceptance and empathy for him, regardless of what he has done. In the context of client-centered therapy, Dr. Hall is expressing ________.

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard is a fundamental component of client-centered therapy, where the therapist accepts and supports the client regardless of what they say or do, without judgment or evaluation. This approach was developed by Carl Rogers, who believed that such an environment is essential for clients to feel free enough to explore their feelings and thoughts, leading to personal growth and self-improvement.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about behavior therapies?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapies are primarily concerned with changing maladaptive or harmful behaviors through techniques such as conditioning. They do not primarily focus on the gap between actual and ideal selves, dream analysis, or solely on treating phobias, but rather on observable behavior changes.

Question 9

Which of the following therapists are typically the only therapists who can prescribe medications and often treat the most severe psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors (MDs or DOs) who specialize in mental health. They are licensed to prescribe medication and often treat the most severe psychological disorders, distinguishing them from psychologists and other types of therapists who cannot prescribe medications.

Question 10

________ is defined as an approach to treating psychological disorders that combines techniques for restructuring irrational thoughts with operant and classical conditioning techniques to shape desirable behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is known for its effective combination of cognitive therapy, which addresses irrational thoughts, with behavioral therapy, which focuses on modifying behavior through operant and classical conditioning techniques.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Accepted Answer

CBT helps clients change both their thought patterns (cognitive aspects) and behaviors by teaching them to evaluate and respond to potential emotional threats in a healthier manner. It is not solely focused on changing behavior, is typically a short-term treatment, and has been applied to a wide range of psychological disorders. Reappraisal is actually encouraged in CBT as a strategy to reexamine and alter one's perception of stressful situations.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization involves creating a hierarchy of fears from least to most frightening and gradually exposing the individual to these fears while teaching them relaxation techniques to cope with the anxiety. This method is widely used and effective in treating phobias.

Question 13

The most prominent figure in humanistic therapy is Carl Rogers who developed ________.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is best known for developing client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, which emphasizes the importance of the individual's subjective view of the world.

Question 14

In the context of emerging therapies, ________ was chosen as "Breakthrough of the Decade" by Science magazine in 2010.

Accepted Answer

Optogenetics was chosen as "Breakthrough of the Decade" by Science magazine in 2010 due to its revolutionary approach to controlling neuronal activity using light, which has vast implications for neuroscience research and potential therapeutic applications.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of phenothiazines?

Accepted Answer

Phenothiazines are primarily used as antipsychotic drugs. They work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps in reducing psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.

Question 16

Which of the following drugs interact with many foods and common over-the-counter drugs to produce side effects such as a life-threatening increase in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) interact with various foods and over-the-counter drugs to potentially cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting the breakdown of dietary amines.

Question 17

Which of the following have shown the greatest effectiveness of any form of psychotherapy for treating various psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following have shown the...

Question 18

________ therapy entails restructuring thoughts, loosening the client's belief in irrational thoughts that may perpetuate the disorder, and offering incentives for acquiring more adaptive thought and behavior patterns.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors, aiming to improve mental health by addressing and restructuring irrational or maladaptive thoughts.

Question 19

Which of the following was shown to be the most effective combination treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

Accepted Answer

Drug and behavioral therapies have been shown to be the most effective combination treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), combining the benefits of medication in managing symptoms with the long-term skills and strategies developed through behavioral therapy.

Question 20

________ is a short-term psychological treatment that has been successfully applied to disorders as varied as depression, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, and substance abuse.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a widely used short-term psychological treatment that has been effectively applied to a variety of disorders including depression, phobias, PTSD, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, and substance abuse. It focuses on changing patterns of thinking and behavior that contribute to people's difficulties.

Quiz 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders