Question 1

Serene Middle School in Russia adopts bilingual education as an approach to second-language learning. As part of the program, the school is most likely to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Serene Middle School in Russia adopts bilingual...

Question 2

Mokuteki Middle School in Japan adopts two-way (dual-language) learning as an approach to second-language learning. As part of the program, the school is most likely to

Accepted Answer

Two-way or dual-language learning programs are designed to integrate native speakers of different languages (in this case, English and Japanese) in the same classroom, where instruction is given in both languages. This allows students to learn a new language while also strengthening their native language skills, fostering bilingualism and biculturalism. Options B, C, and D describe different approaches to language learning that do not involve the integrated, dual-language model.

Question 3

Connor, a first-grade teacher, teaches his students how to read by assigning them tasks that focus on memorizing sound-letter correspondences. He asks his students to pronounce the unfamiliar word "collaboration" and translate it from print to speech. In this scenario, Connor is

Accepted Answer

Connor's method of focusing on memorizing sound-letter correspondences and asking students to pronounce unfamiliar words based on these correspondences aligns with the phonetic (code-emphasis) approach to teaching reading. This approach emphasizes the understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds to decode words.

Question 4

Which of the following approaches to learning reading and writing is based on the belief that children can learn to read and write naturally, just as they learn to speak?

Accepted Answer

The whole-language approach is based on the belief that learning to read and write can be as natural as learning to speak, emphasizing the understanding and meaning of words in context rather than focusing on phonetics or word analysis.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about the programs that use the whole-language approach to teaching English?

Accepted Answer

The whole-language approach emphasizes the use of real literature and encourages activities that are initiated by students, focusing on the context and meaning of words rather than the explicit teaching of phonics or sound-letter correspondences.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about metacognition in children?

Accepted Answer

Metacognition refers to the awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes. It can help children monitor their understanding of what they read by enabling them to think about how well they are understanding the material and to employ strategies to improve comprehension if necessary. Choices B, C, and D do not accurately describe metacognition. B is incorrect because effective metacognitive strategies for learning challenging material involve more than just reading speed, such as summarizing or questioning the text. C is related to the process of learning to read, specifically phonics, rather than metacognition. D is incorrect because while experiential learning is valuable, metacognitive abilities are broader and can be encouraged through a variety of methods, including direct instruction on thinking about one's own thinking processes, not solely through experiential learning.

Question 7

Postponing kindergarten entrance for age-eligible children to give them an extra year of development is known as

Accepted Answer

Redshirting refers to the practice of delaying a child's entry into kindergarten to allow more time for emotional, social, intellectual, or physical growth.

Question 8

In the context of gender differences in academic achievement, girls tend to

Accepted Answer

Girls generally outperform boys in national reading assessments, showing higher proficiency and stronger performance in this area across various countries and age groups.

Question 9

In the context of gender differences in academic achievement, boys tend to outperform girls in

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of gender differences in...

Question 10

The ________ is a sweeping educational reform emphasizing accountability, expanded parental options, local control, flexibility, and standardized yearly testing of progress objectives.

Accepted Answer

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 is known for its focus on accountability, parental options, local control, flexibility, and the requirement for standardized testing to measure yearly progress in schools.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the social and home influences on academic achievement in children?

Accepted Answer

Parental involvement is widely recognized as having a positive effect on children's academic achievement. It can range from helping with homework to attending school events, and research has consistently shown that when parents are involved in their children's education, the children are more likely to perform better academically.

Question 12

Intellectual disability is indicated by an IQ score of ________, coupled with a deficiency in age-appropriate adaptive behavior, such as communication, social skills, and self-care, appearing before age 18.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability is characterized by an IQ score of 70 or less, along with deficits in adaptive behaviors that appear before the age of 18.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of children with learning disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Children with learning disabilities often have near-average to higher-than-average intelligence. Their challenges are specific to learning processes rather than overall cognitive ability. Choices B, C, and D do not accurately describe common characteristics of children with learning disabilities.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about dyslexia?

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia is a learning disorder that affects a person's ability to read, spell, write, and sometimes speak. It is not related to intelligence, nor is it more common in one gender over the other, and it's not caused by environmental toxins like lead or mercury.

Question 15

Nick's third-grade teacher observes that he is impulsive, persistently inattentive, and distracted and has a low tolerance for frustration. She has also noticed that Nick has the ability to make his classmates laugh with his highly intelligent jokes and cartoons. Nick's lack of attention and focus in class is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

Nick's symptoms of impulsivity, persistent inattention, distraction, and low frustration tolerance are characteristic of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), rather than dyslexia, intellectual developmental disorder, or Down syndrome.

Question 16

Which of the following is an approach to educating the gifted that broadens and deepens knowledge and skills through extra activities, projects, field trips, or mentoring?

Accepted Answer

Enrichment is the educational approach that broadens and deepens students' knowledge and skills through additional activities, projects, field trips, or mentoring, specifically designed to enhance their learning experience beyond the standard curriculum.

Question 17

Which of the following is an approach to educating the gifted that moves them through the curriculum at an unusually rapid pace?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration is the educational strategy designed to move students through an educational program at a faster than usual rate or younger than typical age. This approach is often used for gifted students to match the curriculum with their advanced learning abilities.

Question 18

Kristie is participating in an art competition titled "Green Earth" as part of the World Environment Day initiative in her school. She has been provided with some old magazines, color paper, scraps of colored cloth, play dough, and paints. She has to combine these materials to depict her vision of "Green Earth" in an hour's time. This problem tests Kristie's abilities in the area of

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking is the process of generating creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. In this scenario, Kristie is using a variety of materials to depict her vision of "Green Earth," which requires creativity and the ability to think of multiple ways to represent her ideas, characteristic of divergent thinking.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about defining and measuring creativity?

Accepted Answer

Creativity involves the ability to generate novel and useful ideas, which requires divergent thinking, a process of thinking that explores multiple possible solutions and is not limited to one correct answer. Traditional IQ tests, which often focus on convergent thinking (finding the single correct answer to a problem), do not fully capture the essence of creativity. While there can be some correlation between creativity and intelligence, they are distinct constructs and do not necessarily go hand in hand. Creativity assessments often require specific tasks designed to measure divergent thinking and the ability to generate novel ideas, which are not typically included in standard educational assessments in schools.

Question 20

In the context of cognitive development in the concrete operational stage, describe categorization with suitable examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of cognitive development in...

Quiz 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood