Question 1

Of the offending population, only ______ are women.

Accepted Answer

Without specific context or data, it's impossible to accurately determine the percentage of the offending population that are women. However, historically and statistically, men commit more crimes than women, making lower percentages like 7% a plausible but not definitively correct answer without specific context.

Question 2

Currently, which country incarcerates more women?

Accepted Answer

The United States incarcerates more women than any other country, both in absolute numbers and per capita. This is part of the broader context of the United States having the highest overall incarceration rate in the world.

Question 3

Which state houses the largest female inmate population in the United States?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

______ work in the late 1770s helped to draw attention to the plight of women, and, with the developments in prisons in Pennsylvania, the issue of women inmates was squarely addressed.

Accepted Answer

John Howard's work in the late 1770s was pivotal in reforming the prison system, including raising awareness about the conditions faced by women inmates. His efforts led to significant improvements in the treatment and rights of prisoners.

Question 5

In the 1920s, which New York Prison did not have separate cells for the 25 or so women serving sentences up to 14 year?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the 1920s, which New York Prison...

Question 6

Which of the following was a Quaker prison reform activist and an advocate for women who were incarcerated during these early years?

Accepted Answer

Elizabeth Fry was a notable Quaker prison reform activist who advocated for better conditions for women who were incarcerated, particularly in the early 19th century.

Question 7

Which religious group was instrumental in effecting positive change in American prisons?

Accepted Answer

Quakers were instrumental in reforming the American prison system, advocating for more humane treatment of prisoners and the establishment of the penitentiary system focusing on rehabilitation rather than just punishment.

Question 8

In 1817, which individual organized a group of women activists into the Association for the Improvement of the Female Prisoners in Newgate?

Accepted Answer

Elizabeth Fry organized the group known as the Association for the Improvement of the Female Prisoners in Newgate in 1817, focusing on improving conditions for women prisoners.

Question 9

The ______ hypothesis contends that there is a bias in the criminal justice system against giving women harsh punishments. This is true so long as the offenses that they commit are considered "gender appropriate," or consistent with the stereotyped role that women are expected to maintain.

Accepted Answer

The chivalry hypothesis suggests that women are less likely to receive harsh punishments for crimes, especially when those crimes align with traditional gender roles, due to societal biases that favor protecting and being lenient towards women.

Question 10

Which era viewed women from a lens of inflexible femininity where women were to be considered pious and naive of the evils of the world?

Accepted Answer

The Victorian era is known for its strict moral codes and gender roles, where women were idealized as being pure, pious, and protected from the harsh realities of the world. This period emphasized a rigid form of femininity that confined women to the domestic sphere and moral guardianship of their families.

Question 11

Women who fell outside of "proper" expectations for women were considered abnormal and those who fell well outside of these expectations were considered ______.

Accepted Answer

Women who significantly deviated from societal norms and expectations were often labeled as "evil" or associated with negative characteristics, reflecting historical attitudes towards gender roles and conformity.

Question 12

When a woman committed a more gender-based crime, such as prostitution, substance abuse, or theft, she was ______.

Accepted Answer

Historically, women who committed gender-based crimes were often seen as victims of circumstance or societal pressures, leading to lighter sentences or avoidance of official action.

Question 13

By 1940, how many states had separate women's prisons?

Accepted Answer

By 1940, 23 states had established separate women's prisons, reflecting a growing recognition of the need for gender-specific correctional facilities.

Question 14

At first, as central penitentiaries were first built, the most common form of custodial confinement for women was ______.

Accepted Answer

Initially, women were often detained in sections of male prisons rather than in separate facilities or in women's prisons specifically designed for them. This practice reflected the lack of separate institutions for women in the early stages of the prison system's development.

Question 15

Early separate women's prisons were established largely for ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early separate women's prisons were established largely...

Question 16

Early women in custodial prisons were frequently convicted of felony charges, most commonly for crimes against property, often ______.

Accepted Answer

Petty theft was the most common crime for which early women in custodial prisons were convicted, reflecting the limited opportunities and desperate circumstances many faced, leading them to commit smaller-scale thefts.

Question 17

Data from New York's Auburn Prison on homicide between 1909 and 1933 reveal the special nature of women's "violent" crime: most of the victims of murder by women were ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Data from New York's Auburn Prison on...

Question 18

In many cases, issues related to long-term spouse abuse are at the heart of what ultimately turns out to be an instance of ______--the female partner killing her abuser in reaction to years of mistreatment.

Accepted Answer

The correct term is "victim-turned-perpetrator," which describes a situation where the female partner, after enduring years of abuse, ends up killing her abuser, thus transitioning from the role of a victim to that of a perpetrator.

Question 19

Which group was active in the social purity movement and declared in 1906 that women who committed crimes were often immigrants who were immoral menaces to sons and daughters throughout society, polluting American values with promiscuous behavior?

Accepted Answer

The Women's Prison Association of New York was active in the social purity movement and made such declarations about women who committed crimes, reflecting the period's attitudes towards immigration, morality, and the role of women in society.

Question 20

Even in the 1900s, social views related to women and criminality were tied to moralistic outlooks regarding their ______.

Accepted Answer

During the 1900s, societal views often linked women's criminality to their sexuality and roles as mothers, reflecting moralistic attitudes towards their behavior and societal expectations.

Quiz 8: Female Offenders in Correctional Systems