Question 1

Dell,Microsoft,and Unisys Corporation created a partnership to design a voting system for several U.S.states.This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

The partnership created by Dell, Microsoft, and Unisys Corporation is an example of a virtual organization, which is a temporary or permanent collaboration of organizations that work together to achieve a common goal using technology to communicate and coordinate their activities.

Question 2

Green computation helps an organization save on energy costs.

Accepted Answer

Green computation involves using energy-efficient computing practices and technologies, which can result in significant cost savings on energy bills for organizations.

Question 3

Replacing meetings over computer networks with actual face-to-face meetings is one of the goals of green computing.

Accepted Answer

The goal of green computing is to reduce the environmental impact of computing technologies, including reducing energy consumption and electronic waste. One way to achieve this is by replacing face-to-face meetings with virtual meetings over computer networks.

Question 4

In the context of the important concepts regarding Web and network privacy,____ refers to issues involving both the user's and the organization's responsibilities and liabilities.

Accepted Answer

Accountability refers to the responsibility and liability of both the user and the organization concerning web and network privacy. It is essential to acknowledge who is responsible for actions taken on a system or network and to ensure that all parties are held accountable for their actions. This includes measures such as logging and auditing user activity, implementing security policies, and enforcing consequences for violations. Phishing, nonrepudiation, and spoofing are all important concepts related to web and network privacy, but they do not specifically address the issue of accountability.

Question 5

In the context of the important concepts regarding Web and network privacy,_____ is a method for binding all the parties to a contract.

Accepted Answer

Nonrepudiation is the concept of ensuring that the parties involved in a digital transaction cannot deny their participation or the validity of the transaction. It is achieved through methods such as digital certificates and digital signatures, which bind all parties to a contract and ensure the integrity and authenticity of the transaction. Phishing, cybersquatting, and synchronous communication are not related to the concept of binding parties to a contract.

Question 6

____ generated by Web server software,record a user's actions on a Web site.

Accepted Answer

Log files generated by Web server software keep a record of a user's actions on a website, including pages visited, clicks made, and other relevant information. Viruses, spam mails, and image maps are not related to user action tracking on a website.

Question 7

Job ____ occurs when skilled labor is eliminated by high technology or when a job is downgraded from a skilled to a semiskilled or unskilled position.

Accepted Answer

Deskilling is the process by which skilled labor is eliminated through the use of high technology or when a job is downgraded to a lower-skilled position. Reskilling, on the other hand, involves training workers with new skills for a different job or position. Mobility refers to the ability to move between different jobs or positions, and divide does not relate to the given context.

Question 8

_____ involves the design,manufacture,use,and disposal of computers and servers in such a way that there is minimal impact on the environment.

Accepted Answer

Green computing involves designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers and servers in a way that minimizes their impact on the environment. It involves implementing energy-efficient practices, recycling electronic waste, and using sustainable materials in the production of computer hardware. Sniffing is a term used to describe unauthorized interception of network traffic, soft computing refers to computing techniques that mimic the human brain, and cybersquatting is the practice of registering a domain name with the intent to profit from the goodwill of someone else's trademark.

Question 9

Information technology and the Internet have,in essence,resulted in two societal groups: the information rich and the information poor.This is called the ____.

Accepted Answer

The term for the divide between those who have access to technology and the internet and those who do not is known as the digital divide. Options A, B, and C are not correct terms for this phenomenon.

Question 10

Information technologies have created job upgrading.

Accepted Answer

Information technologies have sparked the creation of new job roles such as software developers, data scientists, cybersecurity experts, and digital marketers, among others. It has also led to the upgrading of job roles, where workers have to acquire new skills and knowledge to remain relevant and competitive in the evolving digital economy.

Question 11

Generally,____ laws protect tangible material,such as books and drawings.

Accepted Answer

Copyright laws specifically protect original works of authorship, including literary, artistic, and intellectual creations like books and drawings. Patents protect inventions, trademarks protect words or symbols used to identify goods or services, and logos are typically associated with trademarks as a visual representation of the brand.

Question 12

____ has created decency concerns,because these e-mails often contain explicit language or nudity.

Accepted Answer

Spamming refers to the practice of sending unsolicited bulk messages, which may include inappropriate content such as explicit language or nudity, thus creating decency concerns. Phishing, spoofing, and sniffing refer to different techniques used in cyber attacks, but do not necessarily involve explicit content.

Question 13

Amazon.com uses ____ to provide customized book recommendations based on past purchases.

Accepted Answer

Amazon.com uses cookies to track a user's browsing history and past purchases, allowing them to provide personalized book recommendations. Spam, spyware, and adware are not used for this purpose.

Question 14

The ____ means you can use copyrighted material for certain purposes,such as quoting passages of a book in literary reviews.

Accepted Answer

The Fair Use Doctrine allows for the use of copyrighted material for certain purposes, such as criticism, parody, and news reporting. This includes quoting passages of a book in literary reviews. The Communications Decency Act pertains to regulating online content, the Digital Millennium Act pertains to copyright protection in the digital age, and the ACM Code of Ethics pertains to guidelines for ethical behavior in the field of computer science.

Question 15

You make two copies of a software package you just bought for personal use,incase the original software fails and you need a backup.This action is ____.

Accepted Answer

Making copies of software without permission typically violates copyright laws, making it illegal, but some may argue it's ethical for personal backup purposes.

Question 16

The increasing popularity of the smartphones may result in stress-related injuries of the users' hands,arms,back,and eyes.

Accepted Answer

The overuse of smartphones may lead to injuries such as text thumb, digital eye strain, and tech neck, causing stress on the hand, arm, back, and eyes.

Question 17

A virtual organization needs central offices and organizational hierarchy for participants to contribute their expertise.

Accepted Answer

A virtual organization is a network of independent individuals or organizations who use communication technology to work together towards a common goal, without necessarily having a central physical office or traditional organizational hierarchy. In a virtual organization, participants can collaborate from anywhere in the world and contribute their expertise as needed, without the need for a central office or rigid hierarchy.

Question 18

____ is registering,selling,or using a domain name to profit from someone else's trademark.

Accepted Answer

Cybersquatting involves registering, selling, or using a domain name that is identical or similar to someone else's trademark with the intent of profiting from it. This practice is considered illegal and unethical as it can deceive consumers and damage the reputation of the trademark owner. Sniffing refers to the act of intercepting and analyzing network traffic, phishing is a type of online scam aimed at stealing personal or sensitive information, and cyberbullying involves using the internet to harass or intimidate someone.

Question 19

A banker uses the information a client enters in a loan application to sell other financial products to this client.This action is _____.

Accepted Answer

While it may be legal for a banker to use the information provided in a loan application to try and sell additional financial products, it is considered unethical as it takes advantage of the trust the client has placed in the banker. The client expects the banker to use their information solely for the purpose of obtaining the loan and not to use it for personal gain.

Question 20

Clerical workers using computers for word-processing tasks is an example of job _____.

Accepted Answer

Upgrading refers to the process of improving the skills and knowledge of workers to prepare them for more advanced tasks or technologies. In this scenario, clerical workers are upgrading their skills by using computers for word processing tasks, which is more efficient and technically advanced than traditional methods.

Quiz 4: Personal,legal,ethical,and Organizational Issues of Information Systems