Question 1

According to the principle of _____,Internet service providers (ISPs) and government agencies should treat all data on the Internet equally.

Accepted Answer

The principle described in the question is that of net neutrality, which advocates for equal treatment of all data on the internet by ISPs and government agencies. This means that no data should be favored or blocked based on its source, destination, or content.

Question 2

A credit card company sells its customers' mailing addresses to its competitors.In this scenario,the company's action is considered _____.

Accepted Answer

Selling customers' mailing addresses without their consent is generally considered unethical because it violates privacy expectations, but it is not necessarily illegal, especially if the company's policies disclose such practices and they comply with relevant laws.

Question 3

The _____ is an exception to copyright laws that means that a person can use copyrighted material for certain purposes,such as quoting passages of a book in literary reviews.

Accepted Answer

The Fair Use Doctrine allows for the use of copyrighted material in certain circumstances, such as for criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research. The Communications Decency Act deals with internet content, the Digital Millennium Act addresses copyright infringement on the internet, and the ACM Code of Ethics is a set of guidelines for ethical behavior in the field of computer science.

Question 4

According to the principle of Internet neutrality,Internet service providers (ISPs) and government agencies should:

Accepted Answer

The principle of Internet neutrality states that all data should be treated equally, without discrimination based on content, source, or destination. Charging different rates on data would go against this principle and result in an uneven playing field for different websites and online services. Therefore, ISPs and government agencies should not charge different rates on data.

Question 5

Which of the following is a potential drawback of telecommuting?

Accepted Answer

Telecommuting can sometimes lead to a lack of necessary supplies or equipment, as employees may not have access to the same resources they would in a traditional office setting.

Question 6

Generally,_____ protect tangible material,such as books and drawings.

Accepted Answer

Copyright laws protect tangible material such as books and drawings by granting the creator exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and display the work.

Question 7

In the context of intellectual property,which of the following is categorized as industrial property?

Accepted Answer

Trademarks are categorized as industrial property, as they are used to protect names, logos, and symbols that identify and distinguish products and services in the market. Copyrights, artistic works, and literary works are categorized as copyright property, as they protect original creative works of authorship.

Question 8

The 1980 revisions to the _____ of 1976 include computer programs,so both people and organizations can be held liable for unauthorized duplication and use of copyrighted programs.

Accepted Answer

The 1980 revisions refer to amendments made to the Copyright Act of 1976. The amendments included provisions related to computer programs and strengthened the protection of copyrighted works in digital form. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (B) was passed in 1998 and addressed digital copyright issues but did not include the 1980 revisions. The Copyright Term Extension Act (C) was passed in 1998 and extended the length of copyright protection. The Telecommunications Act (D) of 1996 did not address copyright law or computer programs.

Question 9

Alfred,a software programmer at Gamma Inc.,develops a program that spreads Trojan viruses to the organization's network.When Liam,his manager,discovers that Alfred had intentionally spread the virus,he immediately fires Alfred.In this scenario,Liam's behavior is considered _____.

Accepted Answer

Liam's action of firing Alfred for intentionally spreading a virus is both legal, as it protects the company from malicious activities, and ethical, as it upholds the integrity and security of the organization's network.

Question 10

_____ laws give only the creator exclusive rights,meaning no one else can reproduce,distribute,or perform the literary and artistic work without permission.

Accepted Answer

Copyright laws provide creators with exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and perform their literary and artistic works without permission from anyone else. Trademark laws protect the brand name and logo, while trade secret laws protect confidential business information. Patent laws protect inventions and new products.

Question 11

_____,which are generated by Web server software,record a user's actions on a Web site.

Accepted Answer

Log files are generated by web server software and are used to record a user's actions on a web site. This information can be used for analytics and can give insights into user behavior and preferences. Viruses, spam mails, and image maps have no direct relation to log files.

Question 12

_____ is registering,selling,or using a domain name to profit from someone else's trademark.

Accepted Answer

Cybersquatting is the act of registering, selling, or using a domain name that is identical or confusingly similar to someone else's trademark, with the intention of profiting from their brand recognition. Sniffing refers to intercepting data packets in a computer network, phishing refers to the act of stealing sensitive information through fraudulent emails or websites, and cyberbullying refers to online harassment and intimidation.

Question 13

_____ information can be censored if the content is deemed offensive to a political,religious,or cultural group.

Accepted Answer

The word "public" implies information that is accessible and visible to everyone. However, if such information is considered offensive to a certain group, censorship may be applied to restrict its distribution. Private, secretive, and hidden information, on the other hand, are not typically subject to censorship as they are not intended for public consumption.

Question 14

A potential benefit of telecommuting is that:

Accepted Answer

Telecommuting can reduce employee turnover by offering flexibility, which can lead to higher job satisfaction and retention.

Question 15

Clement applies for home loan at Global Bank Inc.As part of the process,he is required to provide personal details.The banker uses Clements's personal information to sell him insurance policies.In this scenario,the banker's action is considered _____.

Accepted Answer

The banker's action is legal because there are no laws prohibiting the use of personal information for marketing purposes, but it is considered unethical as it violates the trust and privacy of the customer.

Question 16

In the context of intellectual property,which of the following is categorized as copyrighted material?

Accepted Answer

Artistic works, such as paintings, photographs, musical compositions, and literary works, are commonly protected by copyright law. Trademarks are protected by trademark law, industrial designs are protected by design law, and inventions are protected by patent law.

Question 17

Jared makes two copies of an antivirus software package he just bought and gives one of the copies to Joshua.In this scenario,Jared's actions are considered _____.

Accepted Answer

Jared's actions of making a copy of the antivirus software package and sharing it with Joshua is illegal and unethical. Making unauthorized copies of software is considered piracy and violates copyright laws. Sharing these copies with others only exacerbates the issue. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 18

The _____ was partially overturned in the 1997 Reno v.ACLU case,in which the U.S.Supreme Court unanimously voted to strike down the act's anti-obscenity provisions,finding they violated the freedom of speech provisions of the First Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The Communications Decency Act was partially overturned in the 1997 Reno v. ACLU case, in which the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously voted to strike down the act's anti-obscenity provisions, finding they violated the freedom of speech provisions of the First Amendment. The other options listed (Telecommunications Act, Copyright Act, Sarbanes-Oxley Act) are unrelated to the decision in Reno v. ACLU.

Question 19

Information technology and the Internet have,in essence,resulted in two societal groups: the information rich and the information poor.This is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to information technology and the Internet, and those who do not. It creates two societal groups: the information rich and the information poor. A is incorrect as the digital dashboard refers to a graphical user interface that presents information in an easy-to-read format. B is incorrect as cyber squatting refers to the practice of registering or using domain names with the intention of profiting from the goodwill of someone else's trademark. C is incorrect as there is no such term as the digital act in relation to this context.

Question 20

Aaron bought a photo-editing software package.He makes two copies of the software and keeps it with himself in case the original software fails and he needs a backup.In this scenario,Aaron's actions are considered _____.

Accepted Answer

Making copies of software without permission typically violates copyright laws, making it illegal, but some might argue it's ethical for personal backup purposes.

Quiz 4: Personal,legal,ethical,and Organizational Issues of Information Systems