Question 1

The client has a prescription for sucralfate (Carafate) four times daily. The nurse writes in the medication record to administer the medication at which of the following times?

Accepted Answer

Sucralfate (Carafate) is most effective when administered on an empty stomach, typically one hour before meals and at bedtime, to allow it to form a protective barrier on the stomach lining.

Question 2

The client who chronically uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has begun taking misoprostol (Cytotec). Evaluation of the effectiveness of the misoprostol in preventing a side effect of chronic NSAID use is determined by the nurse if the client reports which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Misoprostol (Cytotec) is used to prevent gastric ulcers caused by chronic NSAID use, so effectiveness is shown if the client reports no longer having pain above the stomach, which indicates reduced gastric irritation or ulceration.

Question 3

The client in the preoperative holding area has been given a dose of scopolamine. The nurse assesses the client for which of the following side effects of the medication?

Accepted Answer

Scopolamine can cause dry mouth as a side effect due to its anticholinergic properties, which reduce saliva production.

Question 4

The client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a new prescription for pantoprazole (Protonix). Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to provide to the client?

Accepted Answer

Pantoprazole (Protonix) is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that should be swallowed whole to ensure proper drug release and effectiveness. Crushing, chewing, or breaking the tablet can affect the drug's efficacy.

Question 5

The client is experiencing diarrhea. The nurse reviews the client's PRN medication prescription sheet and plans to administer which of the following medications for this problem?

Accepted Answer

Loperamide (Imodium) is an anti-diarrheal medication, which makes it the appropriate choice for treating diarrhea. Sennosides (Senokot), Bisacodyl (Dulcolax), and Psyllium (Metamucil) are used to treat constipation, not diarrhea.

Question 6

The client with recurrent constipation has been prescribed psyllium (Metamucil). Teaching provided by the nurse should include which of the following instructions?

Accepted Answer

Psyllium (Metamucil) should be mixed with 8 oz of water or juice to ensure proper hydration and effectiveness, followed by an additional 8 oz of liquid to help prevent bowel obstruction and facilitate the passage of stool.

Question 7

The nurse is reading the medication list for a postoperative client and notes that a PRN prescription for ondansetron (Zofran) was administered. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the medication is determined by the nurse if the client makes which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

Ondansetron (Zofran) is primarily used to prevent nausea and vomiting, so the effectiveness of the medication is best indicated by the client stating they no longer feel nauseous.

Question 8

An older client has been receiving cimetidine (Tagamet). The nurse should report to the physician that the client is experiencing a side effect of the medication if which of the following is noted during the assessment?

Accepted Answer

Cimetidine (Tagamet) can cross the blood-brain barrier, especially in older clients or those with reduced renal function, leading to central nervous system side effects such as confusion.

Question 9

The nurse monitors the client receiving the first dose of albuterol (Proventil HFA) for which of the following side effects of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, can cause tachycardia as a side effect by stimulating the heart through its action on beta-adrenergic receptors. This can lead to an increased heart rate.

Question 10

The client has a prescription to receive pirbuterol (Maxair) two puffs and beclomethasone two puffs by metered-dose inhaler. The nurse plans to give these medications most effectively by:

Accepted Answer

Administering the bronchodilator (pirbuterol) before the corticosteroid (beclomethasone) helps to open the airways, allowing the corticosteroid to reach deeper into the lungs and be more effective.

Question 11

The client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being changed from an oral glucocorticoid to triamcinolone (Azmacort) by inhalation. The nurse plans to monitor the client for which of the following signs and symptoms during the change?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia, nausea, weakness, and fatigue can occur due to adrenal insufficiency when switching from oral glucocorticoids to inhaled forms, as the body adjusts to the change in the route of administration and possibly lower systemic absorption of steroids.

Question 12

The client taking theophylline has a serum theophylline level of 15 mcg/mL. The nurse interprets that this result is the therapeutic range.

Accepted Answer

The therapeutic range for theophylline in most patients is generally considered to be between 10 to 20 mcg/mL. Therefore, a level of 15 mcg/mL is in the middle of this range.

Question 13

The client is taking cetirizine (Zyrtec). The nurse teaches the client to expect which of the following side effects of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Cetirizine (Zyrtec) is an antihistamine that can cause drowsiness as a side effect, which is common with many antihistamines.

Question 14

The client is scheduled to receive acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. Which of the following outcomes would the nurse expect to see as a result of the administration of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) works by breaking down the molecular structure of mucus, making it less viscous and easier to expel, thus thinning respiratory secretions.

Question 15

The physician prescribes cromolyn (Intal) for the client with asthma. The nurse identifies that the client correctly understands the purpose of this medication when the client states that the medication will:

Accepted Answer

Cromolyn (Intal) is used in asthma management to suppress allergic responses that can trigger asthma attacks. It is not a bronchodilator, does not significantly decrease infection risk, and does not eliminate the need for a rescue inhaler for acute asthma symptoms.

Question 16

The nurse teaching the client about the effects of diphenhydramine (Benadryl), an ingredient in the cough suppressant prescribed for the client, should plan to tell the client to do which of the following while taking this medication?

Accepted Answer

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) can cause drowsiness or sedation, so it's important to avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, while taking this medication.

Question 17

The physician has prescribed codeine sulfate for a client with a nonproductive cough to suppress the cough reflex. The nurse teaches the client to monitor for:

Accepted Answer

Codeine sulfate, an opioid analgesic, can cause constipation as a side effect by reducing gut motility. It is important for clients to monitor for this effect to manage it appropriately.

Question 18

A client with heart disease is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) and complains of having no appetite, diarrhea, and blurry vision. The nurse notes that the client's serum potassium (K) level is 3.0 ng/mL. Based on analysis of the data, what might the nurse anticipate assessing when reviewing the digoxin level results?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, along with a low serum potassium level, suggest digoxin toxicity. Hypokalemia (low potassium) can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, which can manifest as gastrointestinal symptoms (such as no appetite and diarrhea), visual disturbances (like blurry vision), and elevated digoxin levels (higher than 2 ng/mL).

Question 19

The nurse is providing medication information to a client who is beginning medication therapy with enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse reminds the client that which of the following is an anticipated, although unpleasant, side effect of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Enalapril (Vasotec) is an ACE inhibitor used primarily for the treatment of hypertension and some types of heart failure. A common side effect of ACE inhibitors is a persistent dry cough, which is due to the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs.

Question 20

A client has recently begun medication therapy with propranolol (Inderal). The long-term care nurse should plan to notify the physician if which of the following assessment findings is noted?

Accepted Answer

Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction, leading to respiratory issues such as wheezing. This is particularly concerning in patients with a history of asthma or other respiratory conditions.

Quiz 7: Pharmacology

The client has a prescription for sucralfate (Carafate) four times daily. The nurse writes in the medication record to administer the medication at which of the following times?

The client who chronically uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has begun taking misoprostol (Cytotec) . Evaluation of the effectiveness of the misoprostol in preventing a side effect of chronic NSAID use is determined by the nurse if the client reports which of the following?

The client in the preoperative holding area has been given a dose of scopolamine. The nurse assesses the client for which of the following side effects of the medication?

The client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a new prescription for pantoprazole (Protonix) . Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to provide to the client?

The client is experiencing diarrhea. The nurse reviews the client's PRN medication prescription sheet and plans to administer which of the following medications for this problem?

The client with recurrent constipation has been prescribed psyllium (Metamucil) . Teaching provided by the nurse should include which of the following instructions?

The nurse is reading the medication list for a postoperative client and notes that a PRN prescription for ondansetron (Zofran) was administered. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the medication is determined by the nurse if the client makes which of the following statements?

An older client has been receiving cimetidine (Tagamet) . The nurse should report to the physician that the client is experiencing a side effect of the medication if which of the following is noted during the assessment?

The nurse monitors the client receiving the first dose of albuterol (Proventil HFA) for which of the following side effects of this medication?

The client has a prescription to receive pirbuterol (Maxair) two puffs and beclomethasone two puffs by metered-dose inhaler. The nurse plans to give these medications most effectively by:

The client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being changed from an oral glucocorticoid to triamcinolone (Azmacort) by inhalation. The nurse plans to monitor the client for which of the following signs and symptoms during the change?

The client taking theophylline has a serum theophylline level of 15 mcg/mL. The nurse interprets that this result is the therapeutic range.

The client is taking cetirizine (Zyrtec) . The nurse teaches the client to expect which of the following side effects of this medication?

The client is scheduled to receive acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. Which of the following outcomes would the nurse expect to see as a result of the administration of this medication?

The physician prescribes cromolyn (Intal) for the client with asthma. The nurse identifies that the client correctly understands the purpose of this medication when the client states that the medication will:

The nurse teaching the client about the effects of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) , an ingredient in the cough suppressant prescribed for the client, should plan to tell the client to do which of the following while taking this medication?

The physician has prescribed codeine sulfate for a client with a nonproductive cough to suppress the cough reflex. The nurse teaches the client to monitor for:

The nurse is providing medication information to a client who is beginning medication therapy with enalapril (Vasotec) . The nurse reminds the client that which of the following is an anticipated, although unpleasant, side effect of this medication?

A client has recently begun medication therapy with propranolol (Inderal) . The long-term care nurse should plan to notify the physician if which of the following assessment findings is noted?