Question 1

Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple sclerosis. The nurse determines that the medication is having the intended effect if which of the following is noted in the client?

Accepted Answer

Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to decrease muscle spasms in conditions like multiple sclerosis.

Question 2

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is prescribed for the client experiencing flexor spasms. The client asks the nurse how the medication is going to help. The nurse replies that this medication acts:

Accepted Answer

Dantrolene sodium acts directly on the skeletal muscle to relieve spasms by interfering with the release of calcium ions in the muscle cells, which is necessary for muscle contraction. This action helps to reduce muscle spasticity.

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client taking dantrolene sodium (Dantrium). The nurse should notify the physician if which of the following is noted on the laboratory report sheet?

Accepted Answer

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) can cause hepatotoxicity, which may be indicated by an elevated lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level. An LDH level of 600 units/L is significantly higher than the normal range, suggesting potential liver damage.

Question 4

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a newly assigned client and notes that the client is receiving cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Flexeril) for the treatment of muscle spasms. The nurse questions the prescription if which of the following disorders is noted in the admission history?

Accepted Answer

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Flexeril) is contraindicated in individuals with angle-closure glaucoma due to its anticholinergic effects, which can exacerbate the condition.

Question 5

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with multiple sclerosis who is receiving an intravenous (IV) dose of methocarbamol (Robaxin). The nurse monitors the client knowing that which of the following is an expected side effect?

Accepted Answer

Methocarbamol (Robaxin) can cause urine to turn black, brown, or green as a harmless side effect due to the medication's excretion process.

Question 6

The nurse is collecting data from a client with a history of renal transplantation. The nurse understands that the medication of choice for preventing organ rejection is:

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug commonly used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients.

Question 7

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) is prescribed for the client following allogenic kidney transplantation. The nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication and tells the client that:

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive medication used to prevent organ rejection after transplantation. Its blood levels need to be monitored regularly to ensure therapeutic levels are maintained and to avoid toxicity, hence the need for periodic blood level measurements.

Question 8

Blood work has been drawn on a client who has been taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune) following allogenic liver transplantation. The nurse checks the results of which of the following tests to determine the presence of an adverse effect related to this medication?

Accepted Answer

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) can cause nephrotoxicity, which can be monitored by checking the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, indicating kidney function.

Question 9

Dapsone (DDS) is prescribed for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. The nurse provides medication instructions and determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states that he or she will:

Accepted Answer

Dapsone can cause hematologic side effects, such as hemolytic anemia and agranulocytosis. A sore throat can be an early sign of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition, so it's important for the client to report this symptom to the physician.

Question 10

The client who is seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been taking ritonavir (Norvir). The nurse tells the client that which follow-up laboratory study will be necessary while taking this medication?

Accepted Answer

Ritonavir (Norvir), used in the treatment of HIV, can cause hypertriglyceridemia as a side effect. Therefore, monitoring triglyceride levels is necessary to manage potential increases and prevent complications.

Question 11

The client who is seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been taking stavudine (d4T, Zerit XR). The nurse assesses which of the following most closely while the client is taking this medication?

Accepted Answer

Stavudine (d4T, Zerit XR) is associated with peripheral neuropathy, which can manifest as paresthesia (numbness or tingling in the extremities). Therefore, monitoring for the presence of paresthesia is important in clients taking this medication.

Question 12

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is receiving foscarnet (Foscavir). The nurse reviews the physician's prescriptions, expecting to note a prescription for which of the following laboratory tests while this client is taking the medication?

Accepted Answer

Foscarnet (Foscavir) is known to cause renal impairment, so monitoring serum creatinine levels is important to assess kidney function while a patient is on this medication.

Question 13

The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine (Pentam 300). The nurse caring for the client monitors the client most closely for signs of:

Accepted Answer

Pentamidine can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to a decreased ability to fight infections, so the nurse should monitor for signs of infection.

Question 14

The client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been started on therapy with zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir). The nurse reviews the physician's prescriptions, expecting to note that which of the following laboratory tests have been prescribed?

Accepted Answer

Zidovudine (AZT) can cause bone marrow suppression leading to anemia and neutropenia, so monitoring with a Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC) is necessary to assess for these potential side effects.

Question 15

The nurse is preparing to administer pentamidine isethionate (Pentam 300) to an assigned client by the intravenous route. The nurse plans to monitor which of the following most closely after administering this medication?

Accepted Answer

Pentamidine isethionate can cause hypotension as a side effect, especially when administered intravenously. Therefore, monitoring blood pressure closely after administration is important to detect and manage this potential adverse effect.

Question 16

Ketoconazole (Nizoral) is prescribed for an assigned client. The nurse prepares to administer the medication:

Accepted Answer

Ketoconazole should be taken with food to increase absorption and reduce stomach upset.

Question 17

A client receiving long-term therapy with lithium carbonate (Lithobid) exhibits muscle tremors, confusion, vomiting, and diarrhea. The nurse anticipates that the results of the latest test of the serum lithium level will be between:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are indicative of lithium toxicity, which typically occurs at serum lithium levels of 1.5 to 2.0 mEq/L.

Question 18

The nurse is administering thioridazine hydrochloride (Mellaril). The nurse will monitor the client carefully for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Thioridazine hydrochloride (Mellaril) is known to cause cardiac dysrhythmias, particularly QT prolongation, which can lead to serious heart rhythm problems.

Question 19

A client has been started on therapy with lithium carbonate (Lithobid). The nurse instructs the client to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Lithium carbonate therapy requires adequate hydration to prevent toxicity, so maintaining a fluid intake of 2 to 3 liters per day is recommended. Limiting salt intake, limiting food intake, or stopping the medication if GI disturbances occur are not standard instructions for someone on lithium therapy.

Question 20

The nurse is discussing the past week's activities with a client receiving amitriptyline hydrochloride. The nurse determines that the medication is most effective for this client if the client reports which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Amitriptyline hydrochloride is a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat depression. The effectiveness of this medication for a client would be indicated by an improvement in daily functioning, such as the ability to get to work on time each day (C). This suggests a reduction in depressive symptoms and an improvement in the client's overall condition. Decrease in appetite (A), excessive sleep (B), and difficulty concentrating (D) could be side effects of the medication or symptoms of depression, not signs of improvement.

Quiz 7: Pharmacology

Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple sclerosis. The nurse determines that the medication is having the intended effect if which of the following is noted in the client?

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is prescribed for the client experiencing flexor spasms. The client asks the nurse how the medication is going to help. The nurse replies that this medication acts:

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client taking dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) . The nurse should notify the physician if which of the following is noted on the laboratory report sheet?

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a newly assigned client and notes that the client is receiving cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride (Flexeril) for the treatment of muscle spasms. The nurse questions the prescription if which of the following disorders is noted in the admission history?

The nurse is assigned to care for a client with multiple sclerosis who is receiving an intravenous (IV) dose of methocarbamol (Robaxin) . The nurse monitors the client knowing that which of the following is an expected side effect?

The nurse is collecting data from a client with a history of renal transplantation. The nurse understands that the medication of choice for preventing organ rejection is:

Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) is prescribed for the client following allogenic kidney transplantation. The nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication and tells the client that:

Blood work has been drawn on a client who has been taking cyclosporine (Sandimmune) following allogenic liver transplantation. The nurse checks the results of which of the following tests to determine the presence of an adverse effect related to this medication?

Dapsone (DDS) is prescribed for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. The nurse provides medication instructions and determines that the client understands the instructions if the client states that he or she will:

The client who is seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been taking ritonavir (Norvir) . The nurse tells the client that which follow-up laboratory study will be necessary while taking this medication?

The client who is seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been taking stavudine (d4T, Zerit XR) . The nurse assesses which of the following most closely while the client is taking this medication?

The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine (Pentam 300) . The nurse caring for the client monitors the client most closely for signs of:

The client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been started on therapy with zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) . The nurse reviews the physician's prescriptions, expecting to note that which of the following laboratory tests have been prescribed?

The nurse is preparing to administer pentamidine isethionate (Pentam 300) to an assigned client by the intravenous route. The nurse plans to monitor which of the following most closely after administering this medication?

Ketoconazole (Nizoral) is prescribed for an assigned client. The nurse prepares to administer the medication:

A client receiving long-term therapy with lithium carbonate (Lithobid) exhibits muscle tremors, confusion, vomiting, and diarrhea. The nurse anticipates that the results of the latest test of the serum lithium level will be between:

The nurse is administering thioridazine hydrochloride (Mellaril) . The nurse will monitor the client carefully for which of the following?

A client has been started on therapy with lithium carbonate (Lithobid) . The nurse instructs the client to do which of the following?

The nurse is discussing the past week's activities with a client receiving amitriptyline hydrochloride. The nurse determines that the medication is most effective for this client if the client reports which of the following?