Question 1

During the brainstorming process,individual members meet as a group,but they begin by silently and independently generating ideas to solve a problem.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 2

Standard operating procedures (SOP)are often used for nonprogrammed decisions.

Accepted Answer

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are typically used for programmed decisions, which involve routine, repetitive, and well-structured tasks, rather than for nonprogrammed decisions that are novel, unstructured, and require unique solutions.

Question 3

Technology is helpful for routine but complex decisions.

Accepted Answer

Technology can process and analyze large amounts of data quickly and accurately, making it helpful for routine but complex decisions. However, for more nuanced and subjective decisions, human judgement and intuition may still be necessary.

Question 4

Compared to computer-mediated groups,face-to-face groups take longer to complete their tasks and members experience less satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Face-to-face groups often complete tasks more efficiently and members tend to report higher levels of satisfaction due to increased social connection and nonverbal communication. Computer-mediated groups may face difficulties in building trust and communicating effectively.

Question 5

Conducting a dialectical inquiry can be a particularly good way to overcome groupthink and escalation-of-commitment pitfalls.

Accepted Answer

Dialectical inquiry involves encouraging constructive debate and challenging assumptions to arrive at a better decision. This process can help overcome groupthink, where a group's desire for consensus and harmony can lead to poor decision-making, and escalation-of-commitment, where a group becomes more committed to a failing decision over time. By encouraging thoughtful discussion and questioning of assumptions, dialectical inquiry can help a group arrive at a better decision and avoid these pitfalls.

Question 6

It is important to monitor and evaluate results in order to detect problems with the original decision and its implementation.

Accepted Answer

Monitoring and evaluating results is a crucial step in the decision-making process as it helps to identify any issues that may have arisen during implementation or with the original decision itself. This information can then be used to make necessary adjustments and improvements to ensure better outcomes in the future.

Question 7

While the rational model shows how decisions should be made,it falls short of describing how decisions are actually made.

Accepted Answer

The rational model is an idealized model that shows how decisions should be made based on a logical and systematic approach. However, it does not account for all the complexities and uncertainties that are involved in real-world decision-making situations. Therefore, it falls short of describing how decisions are actually made.

Question 8

In a group decision-making process,appointing a devil's advocate will prevent groupthink.

Accepted Answer

Appointing a devil's advocate is one way to prevent groupthink, as they are specifically tasked with challenging the majority opinion and bringing up alternative perspectives. This can encourage the group to consider a wider range of options and avoid conformity.

Question 9

High involvement while evaluating results is significantly related to higher levels of satisfaction and work group performance.

Accepted Answer

When employees are highly involved in evaluating results, they feel a stronger sense of ownership and responsibility for their work, which can lead to higher levels of satisfaction and motivation. This, in turn, can result in improved work group performance.

Question 10

The bounded rationality model focuses on the decision maker as an optimizer.

Accepted Answer

The bounded rationality model recognizes that decision makers have cognitive limitations and are not capable of optimizing their decisions due to incomplete information or limited cognitive resources. Therefore, they make decisions that are satisfying or satisfactory, rather than optimal.

Question 11

A problem exists when a manager sees a way for the firm to achieve a more desirable state than the one it's currently in.

Accepted Answer

A problem exists when there's a gap between the current state and a more desirable state, but recognizing a way to achieve a more desirable state is actually identifying a solution or opportunity, not a problem.

Question 12

Escalation of commitment can lead to positive consequences for organizations.

Accepted Answer

Escalation of commitment typically leads to negative consequences as it involves continuing a failing course of action, often resulting in wasted resources and missed opportunities.

Question 13

The classical model argues that managers will choose the alternative that maximizes the desired outcome.

Accepted Answer

The classical model assumes that managers are rational and will choose the alternative that maximizes their objectives or desired outcome.

Question 14

The nominal group technique is ineffective against groupthink.

Accepted Answer

The nominal group technique, which involves having group members generate and prioritize their own ideas individually before sharing them with the larger group, has been found to be effective in preventing groupthink. By encouraging independent thinking and individual contributions, the nominal group technique helps to avoid the pressure towards conformity that can lead to groupthink.

Question 15

Victims of groupthink tend to collectively rationalize and discount warning signs that should lead them to reconsider earlier decisions.

Accepted Answer

Victims of groupthink become so committed to a decision that they tend to ignore or rationalize any contrary evidence or warning signs that would suggest they need to reconsider their decision. This can lead to disastrous outcomes as the group becomes more and more entrenched in their faulty decision-making process.

Question 16

Participation decreases the likelihood that employees will work for rewards and outcomes they value.

Accepted Answer

Participation actually increases the likelihood that employees will work for rewards and outcomes they value. When employees are involved in decision-making processes, they feel a sense of ownership and are more likely to be motivated to achieve the outcomes they helped create.

Question 17

High levels of certainty for both the problem formulation and the problem solution phases characterize the programmed decision-making process.

Accepted Answer

Programmed decision-making involves routine and repetitive decisions where both problem formulation and problem solution are well-established and standardized, leading to a high level of certainty in the process.

Question 18

In high-velocity environments,decision-making groups must not be afraid to act.

Accepted Answer

In high-velocity environments, quick decision-making is critical and hesitation can lead to missed opportunities or negative consequences. Therefore, decision-making groups must have the courage to act decisively.

Question 19

In implementing the choice,group responsibility is generally superior to individual responsibility.

Accepted Answer

Group responsibility can dilute individual accountability and may not always lead to superior outcomes compared to individual responsibility, which can foster personal accountability and clearer task ownership.

Question 20

The Delphi technique is used to improve problem formulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Delphi technique is used to improve...

Quiz 12: Individual and Group Decision Making