Question 1

A chromosome is a rod-shaped structure found within the nuclei of cells.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 2

The field of biology that studies heredity is called genetics.

Accepted Answer

Genetics is the branch of biology that focuses on heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

Question 3

Factorial problems stem from the interaction of heredity and environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

Factorial problems typically refer to mathematical problems dealing with factorials, which are products of an integer and all the integers below it, not the interaction of heredity and environmental factors.

Question 4

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a dominant gene.

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive gene, meaning that a person needs to inherit two copies of the faulty gene (one from each parent) to develop the condition.

Question 5

Genotypes are the actual sets of traits we exhibit that reflect both genetic and environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

Genotypes refer to the genetic makeup of an organism, including its genes, and do not include environmental influences. Phenotypes, on the other hand, are the observable characteristics or traits of an organism that result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 6

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart studied DZ twins reared in separate households.

Accepted Answer

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart primarily studied monozygotic (identical) twins reared apart to better understand the influence of genetics versus environment on human development.

Question 7

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus.

Accepted Answer

The endometrium is indeed the inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential implantation of an embryo.

Question 8

Endometriosis has become fairly common among women who delay childbearing.

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis is more commonly diagnosed in women in their 30s and 40s, often those who have delayed childbearing, although the relationship is complex and not fully understood. Delaying pregnancy may increase the number of menstrual cycles a woman experiences, potentially exacerbating the condition.

Question 9

Endometriosis can obstruct the fallopian tubes, where conception normally takes place.

Accepted Answer

Endometriosis can cause scarring and blockages in the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting, which can interfere with conception.

Question 10

Surrogate mothers bring babies to term through other women who are fertile.

Accepted Answer

A surrogate mother is a woman who carries and delivers a baby for another person or couple, not through other women.

Question 11

Postimplantation genetic diagnosis was developed to detect genetic disorders, but it also reveals the sex of the embryo.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Postimplantation genetic diagnosis was developed to detect...

Question 12

Growth of the organ systems near the spine occurs earlier than growth of the extremities.

Accepted Answer

This is because the growth of the organ systems near the spine, which are part of the axial skeleton, generally occurs before the growth of the extremities, which are part of the appendicular skeleton. This pattern follows the general principle of proximodistal growth, where development proceeds from the center of the body outward.

Question 13

At approximately 21 days after implantation, three ridges appear in the embryo and fold to compose the neural tube, from which the nervous system will develop.

Accepted Answer

The neural tube, which forms the basis of the nervous system, begins to develop from the neural plate, not from three ridges. The neural plate folds to form the neural tube around 18 to 22 days after fertilization.

Question 14

The mother usually feels the first fetal movements in the middle of the fourth month.

Accepted Answer

The first fetal movements, also known as "quickening," are typically felt by the mother between 16 and 25 weeks of gestation, which falls into the middle of the fourth month for many women.

Question 15

The fetus will probably not contract syphilis if an infected mother is treated with antibiotics before the fourth month of pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

If an infected mother is treated effectively with antibiotics before the fourth month of pregnancy, the treatment can prevent the transmission of syphilis to the fetus. Early treatment is crucial for preventing congenital syphilis.

Question 16

Rh incompatibility occurs when a woman who does not have this factor - and is thus Rh positive - is carrying an Rh-negative fetus.

Accepted Answer

Rh incompatibility occurs when a woman who is Rh-negative (does not have the Rh factor) is carrying a fetus that is Rh-positive (has the Rh factor), potentially leading to complications such as hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Question 17

Vitamins have been shown to be completely safe for pregnant women to take.

Accepted Answer

While many vitamins are essential and safe for pregnant women, some, like Vitamin A in high doses, can be harmful to the fetus. It's important for pregnant women to consult healthcare providers before taking any supplements.

Question 18

During transition, the cervix is nearly fully dilated, and the head of the fetus begins to move into the vagina.

Accepted Answer

During the transition phase of labor, the cervix completes dilation to 10 centimeters, allowing the baby's head to start moving into the vagina for delivery.

Question 19

Cuban Americans have the lowest child mortality rate.

Accepted Answer

Cuban Americans have the lowest child mortality rate among all Hispanic subgroups in the United States.

Question 20

According to Figure 2.1 in the text, which of the following is the smallest unit?

Accepted Answer

DNA is the smallest unit among the options listed, as it is a molecule that makes up chromosomes, which are found within the nucleus of a cell.

Quiz 2: Beginnings