Question 1

The facts and observations that researchers gather for the purpose of a particular study are called secondary data.

Accepted Answer

The facts and observations that researchers gather specifically for the purpose of a particular study are called primary data. Secondary data refers to data that was collected by someone else for a different purpose.

Question 2

Investigators who engage in participant observation take part in many of the activities of the groups in order to gain acceptance, but they generally make clear the purpose of their participation.

Accepted Answer

Participant observation is a qualitative research method where investigators immerse themselves in the activities of the groups they study to gain deeper insights and understanding, and ethical practice requires them to disclose their research intentions to the group to avoid deception.

Question 3

For the purposes of research, individuals that are under penal supervision are considered to be members of a "vulnerable population,"and special provisions regarding informed consent and the protection of privacy must be taken when involving them in research.

Accepted Answer

Individuals under penal supervision are considered a vulnerable population because their ability to make truly voluntary and uncoerced decisions is compromised due to their incarceration status. Therefore, special provisions are required to protect their rights and welfare in research, including specific considerations for informed consent and privacy.

Question 4

All law enforcement agencies in the United States are required to contribute information on crime in their jurisdictions to the FBI for the Uniform Crime Reports.

Accepted Answer

While many law enforcement agencies contribute to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), it is not a requirement for all agencies to do so. Participation in the UCR program is voluntary.

Question 5

According to the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), traffic violations are Part II crimes.

Accepted Answer

Traffic violations are not classified under the UCR's Part I or Part II crimes; Part I crimes include serious felonies, and Part II covers less serious offenses, but traffic violations are generally handled separately from these classifications.

Question 6

Describe the seven basic requirements for a human event to qualify as a crime according to Jerome Hall.

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Explain what "typologies of crime"are, why typologies of crime are important, and provide examples that are discussed in the text.

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Discuss the three major reasons for measuring characteristics of crime and criminals. Then discuss three of the five methods of collecting data noted in the text, mentioning each method's strengths and weaknesses.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the Uniform Crime Reports, the National Crime Victimization Survey, and various self-report surveys in estimating the nature and extent of crime in the United States.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Explain how age, gender, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic level are related to offending and their representation in the criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 2: Defining Crimes and Measuring Criminal Behavior