Question 1

A visual event involves changes

Accepted Answer

Visual events involve changes that occur both over time and in space, as they are perceived changes in the environment that can happen across different moments and locations.

Question 2

The perception of motion is important

Accepted Answer

The perception of motion is crucial both for enhancing the perception of form, as it helps in understanding the structure and dynamics of objects, and for the observer's safety, as it allows for the detection of potential threats and navigation through the environment.

Question 3

The perception of the shape or form of an object based only on limited information, such as points of light attached to the object's surface, is called

Accepted Answer

Structure from motion is the perception of the shape or form of an object based only on limited information, such as points of light attached to the object's surface.

Question 4

The work by Johansson revealed that observers are capable of correctly identifying an actor's motion based only on points of light attached to the major joints of the body. This capability has been referred to as

Accepted Answer

Johansson's work is foundational in the study of biological motion, which refers to the ability of observers to recognize complex movements and actions from minimal visual information, such as points of light attached to the major joints of an actor's body.

Question 5

The perception of biological motion from just a few moving points of light is an example of

Accepted Answer

Point-light motion refers to the ability of the human visual system to perceive complex motions and identify actions from minimal visual information, such as a few moving points of light placed on key joints of an actor.

Question 6

Based on point-light motion, which of the following CANNOT be perceived?

Accepted Answer

Point-light motion experiments have shown that observers can perceive complex actions (such as painting or dancing), and even the gender of individuals, from minimal visual information.

Question 7

When all that can be seen of people moving in the dark is lights attached to their joints, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

The perception of biological motion does not necessarily require complex deductive thought processes; it is often an immediate and intuitive process. Humans can recognize biological motion patterns without needing to consciously deduce or reason about what they are seeing.

Question 8

The ability of elderly observers to identify the human activity depicted by brief, point-light animations

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the ability of elderly observers to identify human activity depicted by point-light animations is generally the same as that of young adult observers. This suggests that the cognitive and perceptual skills required for this task are preserved with age.

Question 9

An area within the superior temporal sulcus is involved in processing biological motion. We know this because

Accepted Answer

The superior temporal sulcus is involved in processing biological motion, as evidenced by neurons in this area being activated by point-light animations of biological motion, not activated by scrambled sequences or animations of nonbiological objects, indicating a specific response to biological motion patterns.

Question 10

Using computer-generated movies of optic flow patterns, investigators have found that

Accepted Answer

Older people may have a decline in visual processing abilities, making them more prone to errors in judging direction from optic flow patterns.

Question 11

According to the Warren (1998), observers are capable of using an optic flow field to perceive

Accepted Answer

Observers can use an optic flow field to perceive their heading, or direction of movement, as outlined by Warren (1998). This involves understanding how they are moving relative to their environment.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of an optic flow field?

Accepted Answer

All the statements about an optic flow field are true: it can indeed be used to determine heading and judge time of arrival, and there is evidence suggesting that it is perceived differently by young and older adults.

Question 13

According to the textbook, which one of the following disorders may involve compromised processing of information from optic flow?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the textbook, which one of...

Question 14

People who experience ______________ have particular trouble extracting form or shape information from a moving stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who experience ______________ have particular trouble...

Question 15

According to the work of David Lee (1980), the change in the size of an object informs the observer of

Accepted Answer

David Lee's work in 1980 focused on the concept of "tau," which is related to the change in the size of an object's image on the retina. This change informs the observer about the time-to-contact, or how long it will take for the object to reach the observer if both continue on their current paths at their current speeds. This concept is particularly relevant in the context of motion perception and has applications in areas such as driving and sports.

Question 16

The visual cue we use to time our arrival at, or collision with, an object is

Accepted Answer

The correct visual cue is the "tau" which is the ratio of the rate of change of the size of the object's visual image to its size. This helps in estimating time to contact or collision.

Question 17

Retinal image expansion associated with movement toward an object is termed ______________ , and the detection of such expansion appears to be _______________.

Accepted Answer

Looming is the term used for retinal image expansion when moving toward an object, and the detection of such expansion is considered an inborn ability.

Question 18

When schizophrenic individuals look at pictures of faces of people portraying neutral and emotional expressions, their eye fixations

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic individuals often have difficulty with social interactions and may find direct eye contact or focusing on emotionally expressive parts of the face (like the eyes and mouth) challenging or overwhelming. This can lead to a tendency to avoid these areas when looking at faces.

Question 19

If they were all moving at the same rate, which of the following would seem to be moving most quickly?

Accepted Answer

A ride-on lawn mower is smaller and closer to the ground, so at the same speed, it would appear to be moving faster compared to larger vehicles like a pick-up truck, airliner, or locomotive.

Question 20

If you quickly shifted your gaze from this question to a neighboring student's paper, what kind of eye movement would you have made?

Accepted Answer

Saccades are rapid, ballistic movements of the eyes that abruptly change the point of fixation. They are used in reading, looking at different objects in the environment, or in this case, quickly shifting gaze from one point to another, such as from a question to a neighboring student's paper.

Quiz 9: Action and the Perception of Events