Question 1

___________ is being able to recognize that an object is a specific instance of a general class of objects;
___________ is being able to recognize that a specific object belongs to a general class of objects with the same properties.

Accepted Answer

Identification involves recognizing an object as a specific instance of a general class, while categorization involves recognizing that a specific object belongs to a general class of objects with the same properties.

Question 2

If Lulu were viewing a complex object and she recognized the object by analyzing its basic components, she would be experiencing

Accepted Answer

Recognition by components theory suggests that objects are recognized by identifying their basic components (geons) and the way these components are arranged. This approach contrasts with view-based recognition, which relies on the object's appearance from various viewpoints.

Question 3

Which one of the following is NOT a theory of the recognition of 3-D objects?

Accepted Answer

Configural superiority is not a theory specifically about the recognition of 3-D objects; it's a concept in visual perception that suggests configurations of elements are more easily and quickly recognized than individual elements in isolation. Recognition by components and view-based recognition are both theories related to the recognition of 3-D objects.

Question 4

Observers see a common object from an atypical viewpoint. Compared to seeing it from a more typical viewpoint,

Accepted Answer

Observers typically take longer to recognize a common object when viewed from an atypical angle compared to a more familiar or typical viewpoint. This is because the brain has to work harder to interpret the object from an unfamiliar perspective, which can delay recognition.

Question 5

Kayaert, Biederman, and Vogels (2003) found cells that respond to geons in the monkey's

Accepted Answer

Kayaert, Biederman, and Vogels (2003) discovered cells responsive to geons (geometric ions or basic geometric shapes that constitute objects) in the inferotemporal cortex of monkeys, an area associated with high-level visual processing and object recognition.

Question 6

The work of James Stone (1998) on different, ameboid 3D structures revealed that changing the order of observation

Accepted Answer

Stone's work showed that changing the order of observation significantly impaired recognition performance, indicating the importance of consistent observation sequences for accurate recognition of complex, ameboid 3D structures.

Question 7

The work by Palmer, Rosch, and Chase (1981) showed that observers were more quickly able to recognize an object from a picture if that picture had been taken from a typical perspective. This finding supports the importance of

Accepted Answer

The study by Palmer, Rosch, and Chase (1981) highlighted the concept of a "natural viewpoint," suggesting that objects are recognized more quickly and easily when seen from familiar or typical perspectives. This supports the importance of considering the natural viewpoint in understanding object recognition.

Question 8

If Jenny is shown an ambiguous drawing of an "old-woman/young woman," she will tend to

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Jenny is shown an ambiguous drawing...

Question 9

Frank was exposed to an unambiguous version of a drawing. He later sees an ambiguous drawing. His recognition of the second drawing is biased by the earlier presentation. Frank has just experienced

Accepted Answer

Priming occurs when an earlier exposure to a stimulus influences the response to a later stimulus, as seen in Frank's biased recognition of the ambiguous drawing after being exposed to an unambiguous version.

Question 10

Perceptual learning improves after

Accepted Answer

Perceptual learning is known to improve after a nap due to the consolidation of memory and learning that occurs during sleep.

Question 11

One's knowledge influences one's perception of sensory information. This influence is referred to as a
____________ influence.

Accepted Answer

Top-down processing is the concept that our knowledge, expectations, and past experiences shape the way we perceive sensory information, meaning that our perception is not just a result of the sensory data itself but also of cognitive processes that interpret this data.

Question 12

When a monkey has to search a complex scene for a particular object, an IT cell that responds to that object responds

Accepted Answer

IT (inferotemporal) cells, which are involved in object recognition, increase their activity in anticipation of the monkey directing its gaze towards an object they are tuned to recognize. This increase in activity occurs shortly before the eye movement that brings the object into the cell's receptive field, indicating the brain's preparation for processing the expected visual information.

Question 13

If monkeys are repeatedly tested on their ability to discriminate among a set of stimuli, over several months the monkeys

Accepted Answer

Repeated testing on discrimination tasks generally leads to improved performance due to learning and memory consolidation. Monkeys, like humans, can learn and get better at tasks with practice, including distinguishing among different stimuli.

Question 14

According to James Gibson (1979), the set of possible actions that can be performed with an object is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Gibson introduced the concept of "affordance" to describe the opportunities for action that objects provide, based on their properties and the capabilities of the actor.

Question 15

An affordance is

Accepted Answer

Affordances refer to the perceived and actual properties of an object, primarily those functional properties that determine just how the object could possibly be used. For example, a chair affords sitting, a button affords pushing. This concept is widely used in design and ergonomics to ensure that objects communicate their purpose to users.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a basic emotion that is recognized by most people who are judging facial expressions?

Accepted Answer

Dislike is not typically classified as a basic emotion in the context of recognizing facial expressions. Basic emotions, such as happiness, fear, and surprise, are universally recognized and have distinct facial expressions associated with them.

Question 17

Our ability to detect when someone is giving a genuine smile could come from

Accepted Answer

The ability to detect a genuine smile is linked to the activation of specific facial muscles, particularly the orbicularis oculi, which are involved in producing a genuine smile, also known as a Duchenne smile.

Question 18

The condition known as prosopagnosia involves a(an)

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face in severe cases. It does not affect the ability to recognize objects or the ability to recall names, nor is it classified as a psychiatric illness involving denial of perception.

Question 19

Which of the following phenomena indicates that an individual is suffering from prosopagnosia?

Accepted Answer

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to recognize faces. Options A, B, and C describe abilities that someone with prosopagnosia typically struggles with, rather than indicating they have the condition.

Question 20

Identification of faces appears to be mediated by the

Accepted Answer

The inferior temporal lobe, particularly the fusiform gyrus within it, is known to play a crucial role in the process of face recognition and identification.

Quiz 6: Object Perception: Recognizing the Things We See

_ is being able to recognize that an object is a specific instance of a general class of objects; _ is being able to recognize that a specific object belongs to a general class of objects with the same properties.

If Lulu were viewing a complex object and she recognized the object by analyzing its basic components, she would be experiencing

Which one of the following is NOT a theory of the recognition of 3-D objects?

Observers see a common object from an atypical viewpoint. Compared to seeing it from a more typical viewpoint,

Kayaert, Biederman, and Vogels (2003) found cells that respond to geons in the monkey's

The work of James Stone (1998) on different, ameboid 3D structures revealed that changing the order of observation

The work by Palmer, Rosch, and Chase (1981) showed that observers were more quickly able to recognize an object from a picture if that picture had been taken from a typical perspective. This finding supports the importance of

If Jenny is shown an ambiguous drawing of an "old-woman/young woman," she will tend to

Frank was exposed to an unambiguous version of a drawing. He later sees an ambiguous drawing. His recognition of the second drawing is biased by the earlier presentation. Frank has just experienced

Perceptual learning improves after

One's knowledge influences one's perception of sensory information. This influence is referred to as a ____________ influence.

When a monkey has to search a complex scene for a particular object, an IT cell that responds to that object responds

If monkeys are repeatedly tested on their ability to discriminate among a set of stimuli, over several months the monkeys

According to James Gibson (1979) , the set of possible actions that can be performed with an object is referred to as a(n)

An affordance is

Which of the following is NOT a basic emotion that is recognized by most people who are judging facial expressions?

Our ability to detect when someone is giving a genuine smile could come from

The condition known as prosopagnosia involves a(an)

Which of the following phenomena indicates that an individual is suffering from prosopagnosia?

Identification of faces appears to be mediated by the

Quiz 6: Object Perception: Recognizing the Things We See

___________ is being able to recognize that an object is a specific instance of a general class of objects; ___________ is being able to recognize that a specific object belongs to a general class of objects with the same properties.

If Lulu were viewing a complex object and she recognized the object by analyzing its basic components, she would be experiencing

Which one of the following is NOT a theory of the recognition of 3-D objects?

Observers see a common object from an atypical viewpoint. Compared to seeing it from a more typical viewpoint,

Kayaert, Biederman, and Vogels (2003) found cells that respond to geons in the monkey's

The work of James Stone (1998) on different, ameboid 3D structures revealed that changing the order of observation

The work by Palmer, Rosch, and Chase (1981) showed that observers were more quickly able to recognize an object from a picture if that picture had been taken from a typical perspective. This finding supports the importance of

If Jenny is shown an ambiguous drawing of an "old-woman/young woman," she will tend to

Frank was exposed to an unambiguous version of a drawing. He later sees an ambiguous drawing. His recognition of the second drawing is biased by the earlier presentation. Frank has just experienced

Perceptual learning improves after

One's knowledge influences one's perception of sensory information. This influence is referred to as a ____________ influence.

When a monkey has to search a complex scene for a particular object, an IT cell that responds to that object responds

If monkeys are repeatedly tested on their ability to discriminate among a set of stimuli, over several months the monkeys

According to James Gibson (1979) , the set of possible actions that can be performed with an object is referred to as a(n)

An affordance is

Which of the following is NOT a basic emotion that is recognized by most people who are judging facial expressions?

Our ability to detect when someone is giving a genuine smile could come from

The condition known as prosopagnosia involves a(an)

Which of the following phenomena indicates that an individual is suffering from prosopagnosia?

Identification of faces appears to be mediated by the

_ is being able to recognize that an object is a specific instance of a general class of objects; _ is being able to recognize that a specific object belongs to a general class of objects with the same properties.