Question 1

Which field of psychology is involved in understanding the psychological influences affecting, for example, why people get ill and how they respond when they get ill?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology focuses on how biological, social, and psychological factors influence health and illness.

Question 2

Which of the following areas is considered within the realm of health psychology?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology examines how biological, social, and psychological factors influence health and illness, including behaviors like exercise, susceptibility to illness, and health policy development.

Question 3

Which of the following areas is NOT considered within the realm of health psychology?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology focuses on understanding how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness, not on the biological functions of brain centers.

Question 4

According to the textbook, the earliest theory of mental illness argued that:

Accepted Answer

The earliest theory of mental illness often attributed it to evil spirits or supernatural forces inhabiting the body, which was a common belief in ancient cultures.

Question 5

The earliest way of treating disease was trephination, which involved:

Accepted Answer

Trephination involved drilling holes into the skull to treat health issues, believed to release evil spirits or relieve pressure.

Question 6

A friend of mine has the flu. I, personally, believe that illness is the result of evil spirits within the body. Obviously, then, to cure my friend, we need to release the evil spirit. I tell him we should drill a hole in his head to let the evil spirits out. This method of treatment is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Trephination is an ancient medical practice that involves drilling a hole into the skull to treat health problems, often believed to be caused by evil spirits.

Question 7

The humoral theory of illness was originally proposed by:

Accepted Answer

Hippocrates is credited with proposing the humoral theory, which suggests that health is maintained by a balance of four bodily fluids or "humors."

Question 8

The idea that disease is caused by an imbalance of fluids of the body is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The humoral theory of illness, originating from ancient Greek medicine, posits that disease is caused by an imbalance of the body's four fluids or "humors": blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile.

Question 9

According to the humoral theory of illness, all of the following are humors except:

Accepted Answer

The humoral theory of illness includes four humors: blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. Mucous is not one of the traditional humors.

Question 10

According to Galen, too much _____ resulted in a depressed or melancholic person.

Accepted Answer

Galen's theory of the four humors suggested that an excess of black bile led to a melancholic or depressed temperament.

Question 11

Galen argued that an excess of _____ resulted in a person that was easy to make angry.

Accepted Answer

Galen believed that an excess of yellow bile was associated with a choleric temperament, which made a person prone to anger.

Question 12

During the Middle Ages, disease was considered to be the result of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the Middle Ages, disease was considered...

Question 13

According to the textbook, the ìdeath knellî for the humoral theory of illness was:

Accepted Answer

Science disproved the humoral theory of illness by showing that diseases were caused by germs, not by an imbalance of humors.

Question 14

The idea that the mind and the body are completely separate entities, and to understand the body and illness, one must focus on the body alone is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cartesian dualism is the philosophical concept that the mind and body are distinct and separate entities, proposed by René Descartes.

Question 15

I feel very strongly that the treatment that I need for my illness is medical. If I needed help with my mind, I'd go see a psychologist. Issues of the body are biological, not psychological. Which theory am I following?

Accepted Answer

Cartesian dualism is the theory that separates the mind and body as distinct entities, suggesting that physical illness should be treated medically, not psychologically.

Question 16

The cellular theory of illness arose from:

Accepted Answer

The cellular theory of illness arose from the invention of the microscope, which allowed scientists to observe cells and understand their role in disease.

Question 17

The idea that illness and disease result from abnormalities within individual cells is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The cellular theory of illness posits that diseases and illnesses are due to abnormalities within individual cells, focusing on the cellular level as the basis for understanding health and disease.

Question 18

The notion that health is the absence of illness is associated with

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model defines health primarily as the absence of disease or illness, focusing on biological factors.

Question 19

If I go to my doctor because I am not feeling well, my doctor is very likely to adhere to the:

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model is the most widely used model in modern medicine, focusing on biological factors as the primary cause of illness, which is what most doctors adhere to when diagnosing and treating patients.

Question 20

Physical manifestations of psychological issues are known as:

Accepted Answer

Conversion reactions refer to physical symptoms that arise from psychological conflicts or stressors, often without a medical explanation.

Quiz 11: Health, Stress, and Coping