Question 1

______ is a dollar amount that is based on both the severity of the crime and an offender's daily earnings.

Accepted Answer

A day fine is a monetary penalty that takes into account both the severity of the crime and the offender's daily income, ensuring the fine is proportionate to the individual's financial situation.

Question 2

______ is a fixed dollar amount applied to every offender for a particular crime regardless of the offender's income level or ability to pay.

Accepted Answer

A tariff fine is a fixed dollar amount applied to every offender for a particular crime, regardless of the offender's income level or ability to pay.

Question 3

______ is a process by which offenders are held accountable for the financial losses they have caused to the victims of their crimes.

Accepted Answer

Restitution is a legal process where offenders are required to compensate victims for the financial losses resulting from their criminal actions.

Question 4

______ is a court-ordered sanction, often imposed by the judge as a condition of probation, to work a certain number of hours as reparation to the community.

Accepted Answer

Community service is a court-ordered sanction where an individual is required to perform a certain number of hours of unpaid work for the community, often as a condition of probation.

Question 5

Compared to the costs of confinement, economic sanctions______.

Accepted Answer

Economic sanctions are generally cheaper than confinement, can be used in various combinations with other forms of punishment, and can be designed to achieve rehabilitative and reparative goals.

Question 6

A study of the impact of traditional fines on recidivism in Los Angeles, California municipal courts found that offenders who received a fine with probation had______recidivism rates than offenders who received only probation.

Accepted Answer

Offenders who received a fine with probation had lower recidivism rates than those who received only probation, suggesting that the combination of fines and probation may be more effective in reducing repeat offenses.

Question 7

The U.S. Supreme Court case______prohibits imprisonment of indigent offenders in cases where a fine is the only punishment prescribed by statute.

Accepted Answer

Tate v. Short is the U.S. Supreme Court case that prohibits the imprisonment of indigent offenders when a fine is the only punishment prescribed by statute, as it violates the Equal Protection Clause.

Question 8

The success of day fine systems in Europe has been measured in terms of______.

Accepted Answer

Day fine systems in Europe are designed to reduce the number of prison sentences by imposing fines based on the offender's daily income, thus providing an alternative to incarceration.

Question 9

U.S. experimentation with day fines began in the late 1980s with the______in Richmond County, New York.

Accepted Answer

The Staten Island Day-Fine Project in Richmond County, New York, was one of the first experiments with day fines in the U.S. during the late 1980s.

Question 10

Among persons sentenced for a felony in state courts nationwide in 2006, only____________received a sentence in which a fine, restitution, treatment, or community service was the sole sanction.

Accepted Answer

Only 4% of persons sentenced for a felony in state courts nationwide in 2006 received a sentence where a fine, restitution, treatment, or community service was the sole sanction.

Question 11

The amount of______ordered by the judge depends on the victim's crime-related expenses with consideration of the defendant's financial resources.

Accepted Answer

Restitution is a court-ordered payment by the defendant to the victim for crime-related expenses, taking into account the defendant's financial resources.

Question 12

An offender found guilty of theft is likely to be ordered to pay restitution commensurate with
______.

Accepted Answer

Restitution is typically based on the value of the stolen property to compensate the victim for their loss.

Question 13

Although the right to receive restitution is widely recognized,______limits the effectiveness of the program within the criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

Both the failure of many courts to order restitution and the lack of efficient procedures for monitoring, enforcement, collection, and disbursement of restitution payments limit the effectiveness of the restitution program within the criminal justice system.

Question 14

______ is a face-to-face meeting, in the presence of a trained mediator, between the victim of a crime and the person who committed that crime.

Accepted Answer

Victim Offender Mediation (VOM) is a process where the victim and the offender meet in the presence of a mediator to discuss the crime, its impact, and to find a resolution.

Question 15

The purpose of______, designed for civil proceedings not probation-revocation hearings, is to determine if a probationer is in contempt of court for nonpayment of restitution.

Accepted Answer

Restitution court is specifically designed to address issues related to the nonpayment of restitution in civil proceedings, including determining if a probationer is in contempt of court for failing to pay.

Question 16

______ in Gainesville, Florida, is a restorative justice restitution program administered by the Office of the State Attorney to monitor and enforce restitution imposed on juvenile offenders.

Accepted Answer

Project Payback is the restorative justice restitution program in Gainesville, Florida, administered by the Office of the State Attorney to monitor and enforce restitution imposed on juvenile offenders.

Question 17

According to the Office of Victims, automation enhances the restitution process by______.

Accepted Answer

Automation enhances the restitution process by reducing staff time, generating reminders or bills, and maintaining accurate records, thus all options are correct.

Question 18

An economic sanction is a court-ordered requirement for persons to pay money or forfeit property.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An economic sanction is a court-ordered requirement...

Question 19

A study of the impact of traditional fines on recidivism in 824 cases in Los Angeles, California, municipal courts found that offenders who received a fine with probation had lower recidivism rates than offenders who received only probation.

Accepted Answer

The study suggests that the combination of fines with probation may act as a stronger deterrent against reoffending compared to probation alone.

Question 20

Fines are a common punishment for a variety of crimes, especially less-serious ones committed by first- time offenders.

Accepted Answer

Fines are often used as a penalty for minor offenses or misdemeanors, serving as a deterrent without the need for incarceration.

Quiz 6: Economic Sanctions: Fines, Restitution to Victims, and Community Service