Question 1

Caloric deficiency is to______ ; as insufficient protein is to______ .

Accepted Answer

Caloric deficiency leads to marasmus, a condition characterized by severe undernourishment, while insufficient protein intake leads to kwashiorkor, which is marked by edema and an enlarged liver.

Question 2

Although most infants and young children in the United States have sufficient caloric intake, about 65% suffer from______ which is cause by a diet lacking enough iron.

Accepted Answer

Anemia is a condition often caused by a lack of iron in the diet, leading to insufficient healthy red blood cells.

Question 3

Macronutrient malnutrition is due to poverty and famine. In micronutrient malnutrition, however,______ appears to be the main cause.

Accepted Answer

Lack of knowledge of good nutritional practices is often the main cause of micronutrient malnutrition, as people may not be aware of the importance of consuming a variety of foods to meet their micronutrient needs.

Question 4

Which of the following best represents the current understanding of immunization against diseases?

Accepted Answer

Immunizations are most effective when they begin in infancy and continue throughout life, as they protect against various diseases at different stages of life.

Question 5

Leila is a single mother and must return to work as soon as possible after the birth of her son. She has selected a well-know national day care for her infant son. The center staff has assured her that they disinfect the center on a regular basis. However, Leila should expect______During the first year of attendance.

Accepted Answer

Infants in day care centers are typically exposed to more germs and viruses due to the higher number of children, leading to more infections compared to home-reared infants.

Question 6

The rate of full immunization of children in the United States rose from 55% in 1992 to 90% in 1999. The main reason for this rise is

Accepted Answer

A federally-funded media campaign played a significant role in increasing awareness and encouraging parents to immunize their children, contributing to the rise in full immunization rates.

Question 7

______is defined as death within the first year of life.

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality is the term used to define death within the first year of life.

Question 8

Justin died four days after his birth. He was probably

Accepted Answer

Low birth weight is a significant risk factor for infant mortality, including death within the first few days after birth.

Question 9

______is the unexpected death of a healthy infant after the first month of age from no apparent cause.

Accepted Answer

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the unexpected death of a healthy infant after the first month of age from no apparent cause.

Question 10

Regina and Erasmus were married for five years. They entered counseling last year after the unexpected death of their son, Jonah, at three months of age. Jonah's death most likely was classified as

Accepted Answer

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a common classification for unexpected deaths of infants under one year of age, especially when the cause is not immediately clear.

Question 11

Bertha will be having her first baby in four weeks. Her mother is having a baby shower for her. Bertha knows the baby will be a girl and wants to decorate the crib with many pink frilly blankets, quilts, and pillows. Based on what you have learned about dudden infant death syndrome, what advice should you give Bertha?

Accepted Answer

Fluffy blankets, pillows, and quilts can increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by creating a suffocation hazard. It is recommended to keep the crib free of such items.

Question 12

One of the possible causes of sudden infant death syndrome may be______ , which is a condition where breathing suddenly stops.

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing suddenly stops during sleep, which can be a possible cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Question 13

______increases the risk of a infant dying from sudden infant death syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Exposure to smoke increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in infants.

Question 14

The Manuels have taken their infant Kayla for her 4-month well-baby visit. The nurse practitioner has been reviewing some of the standard well baby practices. She urges the Manuels to place Kayla on her ______to sleep.

Accepted Answer

Placing infants on their back to sleep is recommended to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

Question 15

Sleep patterns may increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Children who______Show an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Children who do not increase the length of their sleep periods with age may have disrupted sleep patterns, which can be a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome.

Question 16

Infant mortality rates in the United States vary across ethnic groups. The greatest infant mortality rates exist in

Accepted Answer

African Americans and Native Americans have historically had higher infant mortality rates compared to other ethnic groups in the United States due to various socio-economic and healthcare access factors.

Question 17

______during the first trimester increases the risk of infant mortality.

Accepted Answer

Lack of prenatal care during the first trimester can increase the risk of complications and infant mortality, as it is a critical period for fetal development and health monitoring.

Question 18

The visual acuity of infants is poor. In fact, infants are born

Accepted Answer

Infants are born nearsighted, meaning they can see objects more clearly when they are close to them, but their distance vision is not well developed.

Question 19

Ben is waving objects in front of his 1-month-old son Dan. Ben is holding the objects about 20 inches away from Dan's face to be certain that he does not hit Dan with them. Ben's wife tells him to

Accepted Answer

Newborns have a limited visual range and can best focus on objects that are about 8 to 12 inches away from their face. At 20 inches, the objects may be too far for Dan to see clearly.

Question 20

Neonates can see 8-12 inches. This is approximately the range from the neonate's eyes to the caregiver's face. This would support which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

Ethology focuses on the evolutionary basis of behavior and the role of innate behaviors in survival. The ability of neonates to see 8-12 inches, which is the typical distance to a caregiver's face, supports the idea that this visual range is an innate behavior that facilitates bonding and attachment, crucial for survival.

Quiz 4: Physical Development and Health in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Caloric deficiency is to ; as insufficient protein is to .