Question 1

A 75-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has recently been placed on glyburide (DiaBeta),10 mg daily.When is the best time to take this medication?

Accepted Answer

The medication should be taken in the morning to prevent hypoglycemia at night.

Question 2

Which of the following is a true statement about Humulin-N insulin?

Accepted Answer

Humulin-N insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin.

Question 3

A patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus is scheduled for a laparoscopy and has been NPO since midnight.She is concerned about her medications being held.What is the nurse's best action regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drug?

Accepted Answer

When a patient with diabetes is NPO,the physician should be contacted for further orders regarding the administration of the oral antidiabetic drugs.

Question 4

What early signs of hypoglycemia should the nurse should tell the patient about?

Accepted Answer

Irritability and confusion are early signs of hypoglycemia.

Question 5

Which of the following is a true statement regarding diazoxide,a glucose-elevating drug?

Accepted Answer

Diazoxide is a glucose-elevating drug that inhibits the release of insulin from the pancreas.

Question 6

Six months after starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus,a patient has a follow-up examination.Which laboratory test will best reflect the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?

Accepted Answer

The hemoglobin A₁c reflects the patient's adherence to the therapy regimen for several months previously,thus evaluating how the patient's progress with diet and drug therapy.

Question 7

A patient has just been prescribed insulin.What important information should the nurse tell this patient about taking insulin?

Accepted Answer

When mixing insulins,the regular insulin should always be drawn up in to the syringe first.
Patients taking insulin should always rotate the injection sites and should notify their physician if they become ill.

Question 8

A 48-year-old male patient is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and is started on biguanide metformin (Glucophage).He asks the nurse why he needs this drug.What is the nurse's best explanation for the purpose of the metformin?

Accepted Answer

Metformin decreases glucose production by the liver;decreases intestinal absorption of glucose;and improves insulin receptor sensitivity in the liver,skeletal muscle,and adipose tissue,resulting in decreased insulin resistance.

Question 9

MATCHING
For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations.

-Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)insulin

Accepted Answer

NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin.

Question 10

MATCHING
For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations.

-Aspart insulin

Accepted Answer

Aspart insulin is a rapid-acting insulin which is designed for mealtime use. It starts working within 10 to 20 minutes after injection and lasts for 3 to 5 hours.

Question 11

MATCHING
For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations.

-Regular insulin

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
For each insulin product listed below,identify the...

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a patient about self-injection of insulin.Which of the following is a true statement regarding injection sites?

Accepted Answer

Patients taking insulin injections should be instructed to rotate sites but within the same location for about 1 week.That is,all injections should be rotated in one area,such as the right arm,for about 1 week before rotating to a new location,such as the left arm,in the following week.Each injection should be at least 1.5 to 2.5 cm away from the previous site.

Question 13

A patient has been prescribed a rapid-acting insulin,such as insulin lispro.What important information should the nurse tell this patient about this type of insulin?

Accepted Answer

Rapid-acting insulins,such as insulin lispro and insulin aspart,are able to more closely mimic the body's natural rapid insulin output after eating a meal;for this reason,both are usually dosed within 15 minutes of beginning a meal.

Question 14

Which of the following types of insulin can be administered intravenously?

Accepted Answer

Regular insulin is the only insulin product that can be administered intravenously.

Question 15

MATCHING
For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations.

-Glargine insulin

Accepted Answer

Glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin.

Question 16

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)and type 2 diabetes has been treated for pneumonia for the past week.He has been receiving corticosteroids intravenously and antibiotics as part of his therapy.His pneumonia has resolved,but when the nurse monitors his blood glucose levels,his blood glucose is still elevated and he requires small amounts of sliding scale insulin coverage.What is the best explanation for this elevation?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids can antagonize the hypoglycemic effects of insulin,resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.

Question 17

When administering morning medications for a newly admitted patient,the nurse notes that the patient has an allergy to sulfa drugs.The patient has an order for sulfonylurea gliclazide (Diamicron).What is the best action for the nurse to take?

Accepted Answer

There is an increased risk for cross-sensitivity when a patient who is allergic to sulfa drugs takes a sulfonylurea drug for diabetes.

Question 18

When should the nurse administer acarbose (Glucobay),an a-glucosidase inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

When an a-glucosidase inhibitor is taken with the first bite of a meal,excessive postprandial blood glucose elevation (a glucose "spike")can be reduced or prevented.

Question 19

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus gives herself insulin injections as part of the therapy.What should the nurse teach this patient to do if she has hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia can be reversed if the client uses glucagon;eats glucose tablets or gel,corn syrup,or honey;drinks fruit juice or a nondiet soft drink;or eats a small snack,such as crackers or half a sandwich.

Quiz 32: Antidiabetic Drugs

A 75-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has recently been placed on glyburide (DiaBeta) ,10 mg daily.When is the best time to take this medication?

Which of the following is a true statement about Humulin-N insulin?

A patient who has type 2 diabetes mellitus is scheduled for a laparoscopy and has been NPO since midnight.She is concerned about her medications being held.What is the nurse's best action regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drug?

What early signs of hypoglycemia should the nurse should tell the patient about?

Which of the following is a true statement regarding diazoxide,a glucose-elevating drug?

Six months after starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus,a patient has a follow-up examination.Which laboratory test will best reflect the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?

A patient has just been prescribed insulin.What important information should the nurse tell this patient about taking insulin?

A 48-year-old male patient is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and is started on biguanide metformin (Glucophage) .He asks the nurse why he needs this drug.What is the nurse's best explanation for the purpose of the metformin?

MATCHING For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations. -Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin

MATCHING For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations. -Aspart insulin

MATCHING For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations. -Regular insulin

The nurse is teaching a patient about self-injection of insulin.Which of the following is a true statement regarding injection sites?

A patient has been prescribed a rapid-acting insulin,such as insulin lispro.What important information should the nurse tell this patient about this type of insulin?

Which of the following types of insulin can be administered intravenously?

MATCHING For each insulin product listed below,identify the type of action by using the following designations. -Glargine insulin

When administering morning medications for a newly admitted patient,the nurse notes that the patient has an allergy to sulfa drugs.The patient has an order for sulfonylurea gliclazide (Diamicron) .What is the best action for the nurse to take?

When should the nurse administer acarbose (Glucobay) ,an a-glucosidase inhibitor?

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus gives herself insulin injections as part of the therapy.What should the nurse teach this patient to do if she has hypoglycemia?