Question 1

Describe four different types of achievement attributions that might be made for success or failure, indicate whether each involves a stable or unstable factor, and provide an internal or external cause for the outcome.

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Question 2

Discuss the general stability or instability of self-esteem during the adolescent years, and identify some of the factors that can cause a drop in self-esteem during adolescence.

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Question 3

The majority of the research on topics like self-esteem and achievement motivation focuses on change as

Accepted Answer

The research on self-esteem and achievement motivation typically measures changes in quantitative terms, such as higher or lower levels of self-esteem or achievement motivation. This involves using numerical scales or rating systems to measure differences in levels over time.

Question 4

Contrast an incremental view of ability with an entity view of ability.

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Question 5

Explain what is meant by achievement motivation.

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Question 6

Identify and discuss three home influences that can have a strong impact on a child's mastery/achievement motivation and also on his or her actual achievement behavior.

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Question 7

Contrast a mastery orientation with a learned-helplessness orientation.

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Question 8

Define "relational self-worth," and describe how it affects the adolescent's perceptions of his or her own self-worth.

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Question 9

Describe the "rouge test" of self-recognition, and discuss the typical responses that are seen in nine-month-old, 16-month-old, and 21-month-old infants.

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Question 10

Discuss how peer influences can enhance or undermine parental efforts to encourage academic achievement.

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Question 11

Social experiences with peers can indirectly contribute to the development of person perception in all of the following ways EXCEPT

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Social experiences with peers can indirectly contribute to the development of person perception by providing information about what others are like, fostering the development of role-taking skills and providing an awareness of the motives and causes of the behavior of others. However, increasing interest in romantic relationships is not necessarily related to the development of person perception, as it is a specific aspect of social development.

Question 12

In Selman's ____________ role-taking stage, the child can now simultaneously consider her own and another person's points of view.

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In Selman's mutual role-taking stage, the child has developed the ability to understand that others can have perspectives different from their own and can consider multiple viewpoints simultaneously. This stage typically occurs around the ages of 8 to 10 years.

Question 13

Nelson and Aboud asserted that the type of peer influence that contributes strongly to role-taking skills is

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Question 14

A type of social interaction that is especially helpful for understanding role-taking among children is

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Disagreements among close friends involve the negotiation of roles and perspectives, allowing children to practice and understand the concept of role-taking in social interactions.

Question 15

Identify and describe the three phases that children progress through in learning to evaluate their own performance in achievement situations.

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Question 16

Describe how parents and peers can influence self-esteem in children and adolescents.

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Question 17

During adolescence, new dimensions become important contributors to global self-esteem, and these dimensions affect the self-appraisals of males and females in different ways. Identify factors associated with high- and low self-esteem in both adolescent males and females.

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Question 18

Identify three of the first dimensions that toddlers typically incorporate into their categorical self.

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Question 19

Outline how children's responses to the question "Who am I?" change during middle childhood and adolescence.

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Question 20

Describe the correlation between the nature of a child's attachment relationships and his or her overall level of self-esteem.

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Quiz 11: Development of the Self-Concept