Question 1

The process where the U.S.Supreme Court decides what laws and lower-court decisions keep with the intent of the U.S.Constitution is called ___________________ review.

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Question 2

Prosecutorial discretion is the decision-making power of prosecutors,which is based on the wide range of choices available to them.List and define three of these areas.Include the benefits and pitfalls of each area.

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Question 3

The U.S.has two separate court systems that function within the American criminal justice system today: the federal court system and the state court system.List and define three of the similarities and differences between the two systems.

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Question 4

List and define three members of the nonprofessional courtroom participants and their roles in the day to day process in the court room.

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Question 5

The court of _____________ resort is the court authorized by law to hear the final appeal on a matter.

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Question 6

Comment on and analyze the history,purpose,and rationale for the Dispute Resolution Center.Define the benefits and drawbacks to this program.

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Question 7

_____________ courts are low-level courts that focus on quality-of-life crimes that erode a neighborhood's morale.They emphasize problem solving rather than punishment and build on restorative principles such as community service and restitution.

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Question 8

Compare and contrast the roles of the professional and nonprofessional courtroom work groups.Analyze how they work together to ensure a successful completion to a case before the court.Do their individual roles intertwine to make the system work?

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Question 9

The U.S.Court of ____________ hears cases from the federal district courts located within its circuit,as well as cases from decisions of federal administrative agencies.

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Question 10

The movement of a trial or lawsuit from one jurisdiction to another or from one location to another within the same jurisdiction is known as change of __________________.

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Question 11

List and define the three-tiered structure of the federal court system.

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Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: The movement of a trial or lawsuit from one jurisdiction to another or from one location to another within the same jurisdiction. It may be made in a criminal case to ensure that the defendant receives a fair trial.
The role of this person is to maintain all records of criminal cases, including all pleas and motions made both before and after the actual trial.
The court officer whose duties are to keep order in the courtroom and to maintain physical custody of the jury
An organized program that offers services in the areas of crisis intervention and follow-up counseling to specific persons
The role of this person in the court room is to create a record of all that occurs during a trial.
An eyewitness, character witness, or other person called on to testify who is not considered an expert. They must testify to facts only and may not draw conclusions or express opinions.
A licensed trial lawyer hired or appointed to conduct the legal defense of a person accused of a crime and to represent him or her before a court of law
An elected or appointed public official who presides over a court of law
An attorney employed by a government agency or sub agency, or by a private organization under contract to a government body, for the purpose of providing defense services to indigents, or an attorney who has volunteered such service
A written order issued by a judicial officer or grand jury requiring an individual to appear in court and to give testimony or to bring material to be used as evidence. It also may mandate that books, papers, and other items be surrendered to the court.

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Quiz 9: The Courts: Structure and Participants