Question 1

A production deficiency is best described as

Accepted Answer

The answer of A production deficiency is best described as
...

Question 2

The best example of elaboration is

Accepted Answer

Elaboration involves adding more detail to a statement or idea. In choice C, the statement is elaborated by adding specific details about the red chair and green piano, and the connection they have to a past event. Choice A simply repeats the same words, which is not elaboration. Choice B organizes the words into groups, but does not add any additional detail. Choice D is a perceptual error, not an example of elaboration.

Question 3

Which is NOT an example of metamemory?

Accepted Answer

Knowing the difference between metaphysics and meta-analysis is an example of metacognition (knowledge of one's own thinking processes), not metamemory (knowledge of one's own memory processes). B, C, and D are all examples of metamemory.

Question 4

Sam and Sue are shopping for groceries. Sam looks at the list and tells Sue, "I'll get the cat food, soap, toilet paper, and flour, and I'll meet you by the lettuce." Sam takes off, muttering to himself over and over: "Cat food, soap, toilet paper, flour." This best illustrates the use of which memory strategy?

Accepted Answer

Sam repeating the items to himself over and over again is an example of rehearsal, which involves repeating information to help encode it into memory.

Question 5

A child with _____ deficiencies cannot use strategies, even when taught to use them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child with _____ deficiencies cannot use...

Question 6

Metamemory awareness is most likely to be displayed in young children

Accepted Answer

Metamemory awareness refers to a person's knowledge and understanding of their own memory processes, including their ability to remember and recall information. Young children who have been in situations in which they had to remember something, such as remembering to bring their backpack to school, are more likely to display metamemory awareness when facing a task that they find relevant, as they have experience with how their memory works and can apply this knowledge to the current task.

Question 7

Dundee has just returned to the United States from a trip to Australia. His friend asks him, "What was the best food you ate on your trip?" Dundee responds, "I kind of remember eating some great meals but cannot seem to recall any restaurants. Perhaps if I think back about where I stayed each night I'll be able to remember a great meal." Dundee appears to be attempting to use _____ to improve recall.

Accepted Answer

Dundee is trying to use a retrieval strategy, which is a conscious effort to recall information by using specific cues or reminders. He is attempting to recall the information by associating it with the context in which it was experienced. This is a common technique for improving recall. The other options, sensory register, metamemory, and implicit memory, are not relevant to the situation described.

Question 8

Which best describes the memory strategy of organization?

Accepted Answer

The memory strategy of organization involves classifying information into meaningful categories, making it easier to memorize and recall later.

Question 9

Nadal teaches his son a great way to serve a tennis ball so the opponent cannot return the serve. However, his son Rafael appears to not benefit whatsoever from the advice and does not even appear to understand what is going on. Rafael is best classified as exhibiting a(n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nadal teaches his son a great way...

Question 10

Younger children tend to rely more on _____ than older children.

Accepted Answer

Younger children tend to rely more on external cues, such as visual aids or repetition, to help them encode and retrieve information. As they develop, they become better able to rely on internal cues, such as their memory and prior knowledge, to help them with these processes.

Question 11

Jack knows that he can more easily memorize and recall a list of 10 familiar words than he can 10 unfamiliar words. This knowledge provides an excellent example of

Accepted Answer

This knowledge reflects Jack's understanding of his own memory capabilities and strategies, which is an example of metamemory. Metamemory refers to one's knowledge and awareness of their own memory processes.

Question 12

A utilization deficiency is best described as

Accepted Answer

A utilization deficiency occurs when a person has the necessary skills and knowledge to successfully complete a task or solve a problem, but fails to apply them effectively. Therefore, producing a strategy but not benefiting from its use best describes a utilization deficiency.

Question 13

As Josephine has a production deficiency, she

Accepted Answer

A production deficiency means Josephine has a difficulty in generating solutions or strategies on her own. As a result, she lacks the ability to produce useful strategies independently, making option B the best choice. Options A, C, and D are not accurate descriptions of a person with production deficiency.

Question 14

While trying to solve a math problem, Vector is able to come up with a strategy that might work. Unfortunately, Vector's math performance does not improve by using the strategy. This situation best exemplifies

Accepted Answer

This situation best exemplifies utilization deficiency, which refers to the phenomenon where a strategy or tool that is supposed to improve performance does not actually produce the expected improvement. In this case, Vector came up with a strategy for solving a math problem, but despite using the strategy, their math performance did not improve. This indicates that the strategy was not effective for Vector, and they experienced utilization deficiency.

Question 15

Wayne has trouble remembering the last four digits of his new phone number (4422) until he makes the connection that the last two digits are exactly half of the first two digits. Once he makes this connection, he has no trouble remembering the number! This best demonstrates the memory concept of

Accepted Answer

Elaboration is a memory technique that involves adding meaning or making connections to new information, which makes it easier to remember. Wayne's method of remembering his phone number by connecting the last two digits as half of the first two digits is an example of elaboration, as he is adding meaning to the information to aid his memory.

Question 16

Len has a mediation deficiency. Ben has a production deficiency. Ken has a utilization deficiency. How many of these children would be able to both produce and benefit from their own memory strategies?

Accepted Answer

None of the given deficiencies are related to memory strategies, so none of the children would be able to both produce and benefit from their own memory strategies.

Question 17

A person's knowledge base is defined as

Accepted Answer

A person's knowledge base refers to the amount of information and expertise they possess about a specific subject or topic. It is not related to unconscious awareness, guided participation, or task-solving speed.

Question 18

Saffron is presented with the following list of items to memorize: bagel, carrot, ham, corn, hot dog, donut, bread, chicken, peas. Her immediate reaction is to think of the items in the following way: (bagel, donut, bread), (carrot, corn, peas), (ham, hotdog, chicken). This reaction would indicate that Saffron is using the strategy of

Accepted Answer

Saffron is grouping the items into categories based on their similarity, indicating that she is using the strategy of organization.

Question 19

Which best describes the memory strategy of rehearsal?

Accepted Answer

Rehearsal involves repeating information over and over again in order to encode it into memory.

Question 20

Which memory strategy is being used when a long number is memorized by breaking it into manageable subunits each containing three digits?

Accepted Answer

Chunking is the memory strategy that involves breaking information into smaller, more manageable units. Breaking a long number into subunits containing three digits each is an example of chunking.

Quiz 8: Memory and Information Processing