Question 1

A research article reports that the number of group treatment sessions attended by a sample was normally distributed, with a mean of 20 and a standard deviation of 6. Which of the following statements is/are true about the sample?​

Accepted Answer

C) is correct because it applies the empirical rule (or 68-95-99.7 rule) for normal distributions. According to this rule, approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean (20 ± 6), 95% within two standard deviations (20 ± 12), and 99.7% within three standard deviations (20 ± 18). Therefore, slightly more than 15% (100% - 68% / 2) of the sample attended less than 14 sessions (20 - 6 = 14). Choices A, B, and D do not accurately apply the properties of a normal distribution based on the given mean and standard deviation.

Question 2

Using a hypothetical example, illustrate how blending descriptive statistics with a qualitative inquiry can enhance the value of the qualitative inquiry as well as the interpretation of the descriptive statistics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using a hypothetical example, illustrate how blending...

Question 3

Provide an example of how descriptive statistics can be used in qualitative research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example of how descriptive statistics...

Question 4

​Given the following age distribution, the mean is 16, 31, 5, 30, 4, 3, 2

Accepted Answer

The mean is the average of all the values. To find the average, you add up all the values and divide by the total number of values. In this case, we have 7 values. Adding them up, we get: 16+31+5+30+4+3+2=91. Dividing by 7, we get 13. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 5

A researcher measured attitudes about a proposed health reform bill with the categories strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree, and strongly disagree. The researcher was using the ______ level of measurement.​

Accepted Answer

The researcher measured attitudes using a ranking system, from strongest agreement to strongest disagreement. This indicates the use of ordinal measurement, where data is ordered but there is no equal distance between categories. Nominal measurement is used to categorize data into distinct groups, while interval and ratio measurement involve equal distance between categories and the presence of a true zero point, respectively.

Question 6

What is the purpose of data cleaning? How is it done?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the purpose of data cleaning?...

Question 7

An example of multivariate analysis would be​

Accepted Answer

Multivariate analysis involves examining the relationship between multiple variables. Option B involves three variables - age, sex, and type of nightspot - and their relationship with each other in a given city, making it an example of multivariate analysis. Options A, C, and D each involve only two variables.

Question 8

Why do percentages allow us to compare two or more frequency distributions? Give examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do percentages allow us to compare...

Question 9

What is a codebook? Construct a codebook for the following questionnaire items:
(a) Gender
( ) male
( ) female
(b) Age at last birthday
(c) How many brothers and sisters do you have? (Count only those who are now alive. Include stepbrothers and stepsisters and children adopted by your parents.)
d) What is your marital status
( ) married
( ) widowed
( ) divorced
( ) separated
( ) never married

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a codebook? Construct a codebook...

Question 10

A measure of dispersion describes​

Accepted Answer

A measure of dispersion quantifies how spread out the data are, such as the range or standard deviation. It does not describe where the data are clustered, which data are the most important, or the central tendency.

Question 11

A researcher believes that a person's occupation affects his or her political party preference. Given the following data on occupation and political party preference, construct a contingency table. Percentage the table and interpret your results.
​

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher believes that a person's occupation...

Question 12

In reading a table that someone else has constructed, the rule of thumb is​

Accepted Answer

This rule of thumb helps to interpret percentages properly in a table. If percentages are given in the rows, the reader should look horizontally and read across the table. However, if the percentage values are given in the columns, the reader should look vertically and read down the table. This helps the reader understand the relationships between the variables represented in the table.

Question 13

Given the following values, the median is 4, 8, 5, 11, 13, 7, 9, 10, 3​

Accepted Answer

To find the median, first, arrange the numbers in ascending order: 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13. The median is the middle number, which is 8.

Question 14

If the standard deviation equals 0, we may conclude​

Accepted Answer

A standard deviation of 0 indicates that all the data points are the same value, meaning there is no dispersion or variation in the data.

Question 15

Assuming that there are no missing data, which line of three codes would reflect a data entry error for at least one of the following three variables: gender male or female; whether currently incarcerated yes or no; and ethnicity White/not Hispanic, African American, Hispanic, Asian American, Other?​

Accepted Answer

B) 3 3 6 reflects a data entry error because the third variable (ethnicity) has only 5 categories listed, making the entry of "6" invalid.

Question 16

Which of the following measures of central tendency can be used at any level of measurement?​

Accepted Answer

The mode, which represents the most frequently occurring value in a data set, can be used for nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio levels of measurement, making it applicable to any level of measurement.

Question 17

Professor Jones asked respondents for the exact number of times they had to evacuate their home because of a hurricane. Jones, therefore, is measuring this variable at the ________ level.​

Accepted Answer

The variable is being measured at the ratio level because it involves a true zero point (i.e. there were times when respondents did not have to evacuate their home because of a hurricane) and the values can be compared using ratios (i.e. one person may have had to evacuate twice as many times as another person).

Question 18

It is normally distributed.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is normally distributed.​
...

Quiz 21: Descriptive Data Analysis

A research article reports that the number of group treatment sessions attended by a sample was normally distributed, with a mean of 20 and a standard deviation of 6. Which of the following statements is/are true about the sample?​

Using a hypothetical example, illustrate how blending descriptive statistics with a qualitative inquiry can enhance the value of the qualitative inquiry as well as the interpretation of the descriptive statistics.

Provide an example of how descriptive statistics can be used in qualitative research.

​Given the following age distribution, the mean is 16, 31, 5, 30, 4, 3, 2

A researcher measured attitudes about a proposed health reform bill with the categories strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree, and strongly disagree. The researcher was using the ______ level of measurement.​

What is the purpose of data cleaning? How is it done?

An example of multivariate analysis would be​

Why do percentages allow us to compare two or more frequency distributions? Give examples.

A measure of dispersion describes​

A researcher believes that a person's occupation affects his or her political party preference. Given the following data on occupation and political party preference, construct a contingency table. Percentage the table and interpret your results. ​

In reading a table that someone else has constructed, the rule of thumb is​

Given the following values, the median is 4, 8, 5, 11, 13, 7, 9, 10, 3​

If the standard deviation equals 0, we may conclude​

Which of the following measures of central tendency can be used at any level of measurement?​

Professor Jones asked respondents for the exact number of times they had to evacuate their home because of a hurricane. Jones, therefore, is measuring this variable at the ________ level.​

It is normally distributed.​

A research article reports that the number of group treatment sessions attended by a sample was normally distributed, with a mean of 20 and a standard deviation of 6. Which of the following statements is/are true about the sample?

Given the following age distribution, the mean is 16, 31, 5, 30, 4, 3, 2

A researcher measured attitudes about a proposed health reform bill with the categories strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree, and strongly disagree. The researcher was using the ______ level of measurement.

An example of multivariate analysis would be

A measure of dispersion describes

A researcher believes that a person's occupation affects his or her political party preference. Given the following data on occupation and political party preference, construct a contingency table. Percentage the table and interpret your results.

In reading a table that someone else has constructed, the rule of thumb is

Given the following values, the median is 4, 8, 5, 11, 13, 7, 9, 10, 3

If the standard deviation equals 0, we may conclude

Which of the following measures of central tendency can be used at any level of measurement?

Professor Jones asked respondents for the exact number of times they had to evacuate their home because of a hurricane. Jones, therefore, is measuring this variable at the ________ level.

It is normally distributed.