Question 1

Describe the college educational system in a country other than the United States.Are there any aspects that you prefer over the system in which you are currently enrolled?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

In Erikson's theory, each stage of life has a central crisis.What is the central crisis in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

The central crisis of adolescence, according to Erikson's theory, is the conflict between establishing a personal identity and experiencing identity confusion. Adolescents are trying to figure out who they are, what they believe, and what values are important to them, which can involve trying on different roles and experimenting with different behaviors. It is a time of self-discovery and exploration, and successfully resolving this crisis leads to a strong sense of identity and the ability to make confident life decisions.

Question 3

Outline the factors that explain why it takes students longer than anticipated to graduate from college and why nearly half never graduate at all.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Briefly describe the type of student that is best suited for success in an online learning format.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

James Marcia's identity status model is a model for researching Erikson's theory of identity development, classifying identity development into four categories: diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and __________.

Accepted Answer

James Marcia's identity status model classifies identity development into four categories: diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement. Therefore, the correct choice is B, achievement.

Question 6

Sylvia is 22 years old and lives in an apartment with two friends.She's thinking about her family and the changes that have occurred since she moved out of her parents' house.During adolescence, she and your parents got along fairly well, but there were times when there was quite a bit of conflict.Now that she has been out of the family house for a few years, her relationship with her parents has likely __________.

Accepted Answer

It is common for relationships between parents and their adult children to improve once the child moves out of the family home and gains independence. With time and distance, conflicts that may have arisen during adolescence can fade away, and a more mature and respectful relationship can develop. Therefore, the most likely scenario is that Sylvia's relationship with her parents has improved, and conflict has declined.

Question 7

When do many of the most important steps in identity development take place?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Luis has visited four college campuses and has spoken with a military recruiter.Although he has spent quite a bit of time considering his options, Luis has yet to commit to any specific college or the military.According to Marcia, Luis is in the __________ status.

Accepted Answer

Luis is currently in a state of moratorium, as he has not yet made a commitment to either attending college or joining the military. The foreclosure status would imply that Luis has made a firm commitment to a particular path without exploring other options, the achievement status would indicate that Luis has already made a successful commitment to a particular path, and the diffusion status would suggest that Luis is not actively considering any options or making any commitments.

Question 9

According to Erikson, one element essential to developing an identity is the ability to __________.

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the identity versus role confusion stage occurs during adolescence, where individuals are faced with the task of developing a sense of self and figuring out who they are. One crucial element of this stage is the ability to take into account not only choices one wishes to make but also assess what choices are possible, given one's abilities, resources, and the social and cultural context in which one lives. In other words, developing an identity involves not only exploring one's values, interests, and aspirations but also being realistic about what is achievable and feasible. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 10

According to Erikson, what are the three key areas in which identity is formed?

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, the three key areas in which identity is formed are love, work, and ideology. Love refers to the development of intimate relationships and a sense of intimacy, while work refers to a sense of competence and productivity in one's chosen field. Ideology involves developing a set of beliefs and values that shape one's worldview and sense of purpose.

Question 11

Frankie has been encouraged by his father to take over the family's Italian grocery store.Frankie has agreed to this identity status and although he hasn't considered many other options, he is excited to carry on the family business and make it his own.From James Marcia's model, which of the following identity statuses can Frankie's be categorized as?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Frankie has been encouraged by his father...

Question 12

Compared to childhood, self-esteem __________ during adolescence, then __________ during emerging adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that self-esteem typically declines during adolescence due to the many social, emotional, and cognitive changes that occur during this time. However, during emerging adulthood (ages 18-25), self-esteem tends to rise as individuals gain more independence, explore different identities, and gain more control over their lives.

Question 13

Which statement accurately reflects identity development in other cultures?

Accepted Answer

Limitations on explorations in both love and work are often more restrictive for girls in developing countries compared to boys, reflecting gender norms and expectations that can influence identity development.

Question 14

Compare and contrast the college experience of the Japanese with that from one other country.

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Question 15

Moving from adolescence, most individuals experience a slight increase in self-esteem as they enter emerging adulthood.Which of the following is a social factor that boosts self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Erikson observed that identity formation was taking longer and longer for young people in developed countries.He termed this __________.

Accepted Answer

Erikson termed this prolonged adolescence, as he observed that young people in developed countries were taking longer to form their identities.

Question 17

Emerging adults of which ethnicity are most likely to be unemployed in the United States? If you are a male from this ethnic background, would you be more or less likely to be unemployed than your grandfather of the same ethnicity? Explain.

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Question 18

Your best friend tells you that sending your daughter to college when she does not know exactly what she wants to do is a waste of money.Drawing on research, how would you justify spending the time and money to obtain a college education?

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

Moving from adolescence, most individuals experience a slight increase in self-esteem as they enter emerging adulthood.Which of the following is a physiological factor that boosts self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

The ending of puberty is the physiological factor that boosts self-esteem during emerging adulthood, as individuals feel more confident and secure in their physical appearance and abilities. Developing career goals, an established self-concept, and graduating from secondary school may also contribute to self-esteem, but they are not solely physiological factors.

Question 20

Which of the following is a category of James Marcia's identity status model in which the individual lacks exploration and commitment to an identity?

Accepted Answer

The category in which the individual lacks exploration and commitment to an identity is diffusion in James Marcia's identity status model. Foreclosure refers to a commitment without exploration, moratorium refers to exploration without commitment, and achievement refers to both exploration and commitment to an identity.

Quiz 9: Emerging Adulthood