Question 1

Some of the symbols used in the ecomap are identical to those used in the genogram.

Accepted Answer

Some symbols such as circles representing individuals, squares representing males and triangles representing females are commonly used in both ecomap and genogram.

Question 2

The culture-of-poverty theory has been criticized as a classic example of blaming the victim.

Accepted Answer

The culture-of-poverty theory attributes poverty to personal and cultural characteristics of the poor, rather than structural or societal factors. This has been widely criticized as blaming the victim, rather than addressing systemic issues that contribute to poverty.

Question 3

Of all the causes of poverty,alcoholism is by far the most prevalent.

Accepted Answer

While alcoholism can certainly be a contributing factor to poverty, it is not the most prevalent cause. Other factors such as lack of education, lack of job opportunities, and systemic inequality are also significant contributors to poverty.

Question 4

Conflict theory asserts that most people obey the law because they believe the law is fair and just,while functionalism asserts that social order is maintained by authority backed by the use of force.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory and functionalism offer fundamentally different perspectives on the reasons for social order and obedience to the law. Conflict theory suggests that people obey the law because they believe it serves the interests of those in power and that the law is a tool for exercising that power. On the other hand, functionalism suggests that social order is maintained primarily through the use of force and authority, which is necessary to enforce rules and regulations that promote the welfare of all members of society.

Question 5

The autocratic model for organizations depends on power.

Accepted Answer

The autocratic model for organizations relies heavily on the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual or a small group of leaders. Decisions are made from the top-down, and there is limited input or participation from subordinates. This centralized model assumes that leaders have the knowledge and expertise necessary to make decisions in the best interest of the organization, and that subordinates should follow orders without questioning or challenging their superiors.

Question 6

Employees in an organization who are working under a custodial model organization tend to give passive cooperation to their employer.

Accepted Answer

In a custodial model organization, employees view their employment contract as an exchange of services for financial security and benefits. They give passive cooperation to their employer and obey the rules and regulations set forth by the organization. They do the work expected of them, but they are not highly motivated or invested in the success of the organization.

Question 7

Within five years after a divorce,approximately three-quarters of all divorced people are remarried.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. According to research, around 75% of divorced individuals get remarried within five years of their divorce.

Question 8

The rate of female-headed homes in African-American families is nearly three times that in white families.

Accepted Answer

According to the United States Census Bureau, the rate of female-headed households among African Americans was 53.7% in 2019, while the rate among white households was 19.2%. This means that the rate of female-headed homes in African-American families is nearly three times that in white families.

Question 9

Conflict theory has been criticized as encouraging oppressed groups to revolt against the existing power structure,rather than seeking to work within the existing system to address their concerns.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory emphasizes the power struggles and inequalities within society, and encourages oppressed groups to challenge and resist the existing power structure. This can involve organized protests and even revolution, rather than seeking to collaborate with those in power to address their concerns.

Question 10

A key factor in how traumatic a divorce will be for a child is how well the parents deal with the child's concerns,fears,questions,and anxieties.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The way parents handle their child's emotional needs during a divorce can greatly impact the child's level of trauma and long-term well-being. It is important for parents to be supportive, empathetic, and honest with their children during this difficult time.

Question 11

The Hawthorne effect in sociological and psychological research holds that when subjects know they are participants in a study,this awareness may lead them to behave differently and substantially influence the results of the study.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the Hawthorne effect. When participants in a study know that they are being observed, they may modify their behavior, skewing the results of the research.

Question 12

The more often individuals have divorced,the more likely they are to divorce again.

Accepted Answer

According to research, individuals who have divorced once are more likely to divorce again compared to those who have never been divorced. The probability of divorcing again increases with each subsequent divorce. This could be due to various factors such as individual characteristics, social and economic circumstances, and relationship patterns.

Question 13

The ecomap focuses attention on intergenerational family patterns,particularly those that are problematic or dysfunctional.

Accepted Answer

An ecomap is a visual tool used to depict the relationships and connections between a family and their social environment, focusing on current interactions rather than intergenerational patterns.

Question 14

The win-lose approach is highly effective in resolving conflict.

Accepted Answer

The win-lose approach, also known as the competitive approach or distributive approach, involves one party winning and the other losing. It can create further animosity and exacerbate conflict rather than resolving it. Therefore, it is not highly effective in resolving conflict.

Question 15

Total quality management asserts that when problems arise in an organization,management should almost always seek to identify and fire the incompetent employees who are causing the problems.

Accepted Answer

Total quality management emphasizes that problems in an organization are often caused by systemic issues rather than individual employees. Therefore, the focus should be on identifying and addressing these underlying issues rather than simply firing employees. TQM emphasizes continuous improvement and the involvement of all employees in the process.

Question 16

Divorce rates are lower for Protestants than for Catholics or Jews.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that divorce rates can vary widely within religious groups and are influenced by many factors, including cultural and socioeconomic factors, rather than being inherently lower for Protestants compared to Catholics or Jews.

Question 17

With a quality circle approach,employees and management routinely meet to brainstorm about ways to improve productivity and quality.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the quality circle approach, which is a participatory management technique that involves regular meetings between employees and management to identify challenges and opportunities for improvement in the workplace. By working together, teams can help to boost productivity and enhance the quality of products and services, while also promoting greater employee engagement and job satisfaction.

Question 18

Conflict theorists assert that most people in society share the same set of values and norms.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists believe that different groups in society have different interests, values, and norms, and that societal conflict arises from these differences. They argue that the dominant group uses its power to maintain its position and suppress the interests of subordinate groups. Therefore, conflict theorists reject the idea that most people in society share the same set of values and norms.

Question 19

The genogram focuses attention on a family's interactions with groups,resources,organizations,associations,other families,and other individuals.

Accepted Answer

A genogram primarily focuses on family relationships and dynamics, not interactions with external groups or resources.

Question 20

The looking-glass self process advanced by Cooley asserts we develop our self-concept by seeing and hearing how others react to us.

Accepted Answer

The looking-glass self process advanced by Cooley asserts we develop our self-concept by seeing and hearing how others react to us.

Quiz 12: Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Some of the symbols used in the ecomap are identical to those used in the genogram.

The culture-of-poverty theory has been criticized as a classic example of blaming the victim.

Of all the causes of poverty,alcoholism is by far the most prevalent.

Conflict theory asserts that most people obey the law because they believe the law is fair and just,while functionalism asserts that social order is maintained by authority backed by the use of force.

The autocratic model for organizations depends on power.

Employees in an organization who are working under a custodial model organization tend to give passive cooperation to their employer.

Within five years after a divorce,approximately three-quarters of all divorced people are remarried.

The rate of female-headed homes in African-American families is nearly three times that in white families.

Conflict theory has been criticized as encouraging oppressed groups to revolt against the existing power structure,rather than seeking to work within the existing system to address their concerns.

A key factor in how traumatic a divorce will be for a child is how well the parents deal with the child's concerns,fears,questions,and anxieties.

The Hawthorne effect in sociological and psychological research holds that when subjects know they are participants in a study,this awareness may lead them to behave differently and substantially influence the results of the study.

The more often individuals have divorced,the more likely they are to divorce again.

The ecomap focuses attention on intergenerational family patterns,particularly those that are problematic or dysfunctional.

The win-lose approach is highly effective in resolving conflict.

Total quality management asserts that when problems arise in an organization,management should almost always seek to identify and fire the incompetent employees who are causing the problems.

Divorce rates are lower for Protestants than for Catholics or Jews.

With a quality circle approach,employees and management routinely meet to brainstorm about ways to improve productivity and quality.

Conflict theorists assert that most people in society share the same set of values and norms.

The genogram focuses attention on a family's interactions with groups,resources,organizations,associations,other families,and other individuals.

The looking-glass self process advanced by Cooley asserts we develop our self-concept by seeing and hearing how others react to us.