Question 1

'Co-optation' refers to covert attempts to influence.

Accepted Answer

Co-optation refers to the process of absorbing new elements into the leadership or policy-making structure of an organization, often to avert threats to its stability or existence, rather than covert attempts to influence.

Question 2

'Buying off' the leader of a resistance group in order to get his/her endorsement is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?
A)negotiation
B)co-optation
C)facilitation and support
D)coercion
E)education and commitment

Accepted Answer

Co-optation is a tactic where the change agents try to win over the opponents or resistance leaders by offering them incentives, rewards or positions of power in return for their support. In this case, buying off the leader of a resistance group is an example of co-optation, where the change agent is trying to get the leader's endorsement by offering something in return.

Question 3

Which of the following reactions to change is a threat to the investment you have already made in the status quo?
A)change is not good for the organisation
B)freezing
C)refreezing
D)concern over personal loss
E)uncertainty

Accepted Answer

Concern over personal loss is a threat to the investment already made in the status quo because it reflects fear that the change will negatively impact one's current position, benefits, or comfort level, potentially undermining support for the change.

Question 4

Which of the reasons for resistance to change may be beneficial to the organisation?
A)uncertainty
B)change is not good for the organisation
C)refreezing
D)freezing
E)concern over personal loss

Accepted Answer

Change that is not good for the organization can be beneficial if resistance to it prevents the organization from making a mistake or heading in a wrong direction. Resistance can serve as a form of feedback or caution, prompting a reevaluation of the proposed change.

Question 5

'Manipulation' is using direct threats.

Accepted Answer

Manipulation does not necessarily involve direct threats. It can involve more subtle tactics such as guilt-tripping, gaslighting, or emotional blackmail.

Question 6

All of the following are mentioned in the textbook as actions that managers can use to deal with resistance to change EXCEPT ________.
A)facilitation and support
B)diversification
C)negotiation
D)education and communication
E)participation

Accepted Answer

The textbook does not mention diversification as an action that managers can use to deal with resistance to change. The other options (facilitation and support, negotiation, education and communication, and participation) are all mentioned as strategies to deal with resistance to change.

Question 7

A bank offering personal and financial counselling to employees prior to an upcoming downsizing is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?
A)manipulation and co-optation
B)negotiation
C)facilitation and support
D)education and communication
E)coercion

Accepted Answer

The tactic being used in this scenario is facilitation and support, as the bank is providing personal and financial counselling to employees to help them deal with the upcoming downsizing in a supportive manner. This tactic aims to reduce change resistance by making the transition easier for employees and addressing their concerns and needs.

Question 8

According to the textbook, an individual is likely to resist change because of all of the following reasons EXCEPT ________.
A)increased productivity
B)concern over personal loss
C)uncertainty
D)belief that the change is not in the organisation's best interest
E)Both A and C

Accepted Answer

Increased productivity is not a reason for resistance to change. The other options (concern over personal loss, uncertainty, belief that the change is not in the organisation's best interest) are all reasons an individual may resist change. Option E (Both A and C) is also incorrect as A is not a reason for resistance to change.

Question 9

'Negotiation' refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.

Accepted Answer

This definition of negotiation is incorrect; it describes unethical behavior in negotiation. Negotiation is a form of communication and problem-solving where two or more parties try to reach an agreement that satisfies their interests.

Question 10

'Co-optation' is a form of both manipulation and participation.

Accepted Answer

Co-optation involves manipulating individuals or groups by granting them limited participation in decision-making processes in order to control and limit their potential for resistance or opposition.

Question 11

Qantas including employees on the committee to decide what colour the new uniform colours should be is an example of what tactic for reducing change resistance?
A)facilitation and support
B)manipulation and co-optation
C)participation
D)education and communication
E)coercion

Accepted Answer

Qantas using participation by including employees on the committee to decide on the new uniform colours can increase their commitment and reduce resistance to the change. By involving them in the decision-making process, the employees feel they have a voice and are more likely to accept and support the changes. This approach builds buy-in and can lead to more successful implementation.

Question 12

One reason people resist change is that it substitutes ambiguity for uncertainty.

Accepted Answer

One reason people resist change is that it substitutes uncertainty for ambiguity. People often prefer the status quo because it is familiar, whereas change introduces uncertainty about the future.

Question 13

Change threatens the investment you have already made in the status quo.

Accepted Answer

Change can potentially disrupt or render useless existing investments in the current way of doing things. Therefore, it can threaten the investment made in the status quo.

Question 14

A state government purposely misrepresenting public employee wages to the citizens in order to apply downward wage pressure in the collective bargaining process would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?
A)manipulation
B)negotiation
C)education and communication
D)coercion
E)co-optation

Accepted Answer

Manipulation involves intentionally distorting information or communication to achieve a desired outcome. In this scenario, the state government is manipulating information about public employee wages to influence the collective bargaining process.

Question 15

Management offering the union guaranteed wage hikes and a no-layoff promise in exchange for help in implementing a new production process would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?
A)facilitation and support
B)participation
C)coercion
D)manipulation and co-optation
E)negotiation

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes a negotiation tactic, where management is offering incentives to the union to gain their cooperation in implementing a new production process. This approach involves finding a mutually beneficial solution through discussions and compromises, rather than imposing changes through coercion or manipulation.

Question 16

________ is using direct threats or force on those who resist change.
A)Negotiation
B)Coercion
C)Co-optation
D)Manipulation
E)Education and communication

Accepted Answer

Coercion is the use of threats or force to bring about change. The other options involve more peaceful and persuasive methods.

Question 17

Which of the following techniques for reducing resistance to change is based on the belief that, if employees receive the full facts and clarifications, they will no longer be resistant?
A)participation
B)manipulation and co-optation
C)negotiation
D)facilitation and support
E)education and communication

Accepted Answer

The technique of education and communication assumes that resistance to change can be reduced if employees are provided with accurate and complete information about the change efforts. It is believed that employees who have a clear understanding of the rationale behind the change will be more likely to support it. Therefore, providing education and communication is one way to reduce resistance to change.

Question 18

A major disadvantage of coercion is that it is frequently illegal.

Accepted Answer

Coercion involves using force or threats to compel someone to do something against their will. Such actions are often illegal and can result in legal consequences for the person using coercion.

Question 19

________ refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.
A)Co-optation
B)Manipulation
C)Education and communication
D)Negotiation
E)Coercion

Accepted Answer

Manipulation refers to covert attempts to influence or distort facts, which can be done in various ways, such as through advertising, propaganda, or censorship. Co-optation involves a more overt attempt to influence by incorporating dissenting individuals or groups into the decision-making process. Education and communication involve providing information to persuade others to accept a particular point of view, negotiation involves reaching a mutually acceptable solution through give-and-take, and coercion involves the use of force or threats to achieve compliance.

Question 20

Never negotiate with employees as a means of overcoming resistance to change.

Accepted Answer

Negotiating with employees can be an effective strategy for overcoming resistance to change, as it involves listening to their concerns and finding mutually acceptable solutions.

Quiz 7: Managing Change and Innovation

'Co-optation' refers to covert attempts to influence.

'Buying off' the leader of a resistance group in order to get his/her endorsement is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?

Which of the following reactions to change is a threat to the investment you have already made in the status quo?

Which of the reasons for resistance to change may be beneficial to the organisation?

'Manipulation' is using direct threats.

All of the following are mentioned in the textbook as actions that managers can use to deal with resistance to change EXCEPT ________.

A bank offering personal and financial counselling to employees prior to an upcoming downsizing is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?

According to the textbook, an individual is likely to resist change because of all of the following reasons EXCEPT ________.

'Negotiation' refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.

'Co-optation' is a form of both manipulation and participation.

Qantas including employees on the committee to decide what colour the new uniform colours should be is an example of what tactic for reducing change resistance?

One reason people resist change is that it substitutes ambiguity for uncertainty.

Change threatens the investment you have already made in the status quo.

A state government purposely misrepresenting public employee wages to the citizens in order to apply downward wage pressure in the collective bargaining process would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?

Management offering the union guaranteed wage hikes and a no-layoff promise in exchange for help in implementing a new production process would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?

________ is using direct threats or force on those who resist change.

Which of the following techniques for reducing resistance to change is based on the belief that, if employees receive the full facts and clarifications, they will no longer be resistant?

A major disadvantage of coercion is that it is frequently illegal.

________ refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.

Never negotiate with employees as a means of overcoming resistance to change.