Question 1

Neurological damage can result in

Accepted Answer

Neurological damage can affect different parts of the brain and result in various cognitive impairments, including deterioration of judgment under stress, lack of concern over consequences, and an inability to learn or retain new information. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Question 2

Ted has been an alcoholic for 20 years and is experiencing brain damage due to poor nutrition.The most likely diagnosis in this case is

Accepted Answer

Korsakoff's psychosis is a chronic memory disorder that is often caused by long-term alcohol misuse and the resulting thiamine deficiency. It is characterized by confusion, disorientation, and damage to short-term memory.

Question 3

Mrs.Killoran has been brought to the neuropsychology clinic for evaluation by two of her grown children.During the interview with the neuropsychologist,Mrs.Killoran laughs and cries very easily,and shifts rapidly from exhibiting one emotional state to exhibiting another.The neuropsychologist would say that Mrs.Killoran is characterized by __________ affect.

Accepted Answer

Labile affect refers to rapid and unstable shifts in emotional states, which is consistent with the behavior described in the scenario. Bipolar affect refers specifically to the presence of both episodes of depression and mania, which is not described in the scenario. Intemperate affect refers to excessive, uncontrolled emotional behavior, which may be present but is not specifically described in the scenario. Reactive affect refers to emotional responses that are appropriate to a specific event or situation, which is not clearly indicated in the scenario.

Question 4

Which of the following provides a better sense of the "working" brain than more traditional neurodiagnostic procedures?

Accepted Answer

fMRI and SPECT both provide insights into the functioning of the brain, unlike a CAT scan which primarily shows structural aspects. fMRI measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow, while SPECT can show how blood flows through arteries and veins in the brain.

Question 5

General language impairment is known as __________,and specific impairment in naming things is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

General language impairment is commonly known as aphasia, while specific impairment in naming things is known as anomia. The other answer choices do not accurately describe these conditions.

Question 6

Ever since her stroke,Julia has been unable to recognize ordinary objects,although she is able to describe their features.Julia appears to have

Accepted Answer

Agnosia is the inability to recognize or identify familiar objects even though sensory pathways are intact. Julia's ability to describe the features of the objects suggest that her sensory pathways are intact and her problem is with recognition, indicating that she has agnosia. Apraxia is the inability to execute learned purposeful movements even though there is no sensory or motor impairment, ataxia is the loss of muscle coordination, and aphasia is the loss of ability to use language. None of these conditions describe Julia's symptoms.

Question 7

An investigation by Ivnik et al.(2000)on the validity of four different approaches to interpreting test data concluded that

Accepted Answer

Ivnik et al. (2000) concluded that cutoff scores can be effectively used instead of more complex indices like difference scores or patterns of scores, simplifying the interpretation process without significantly compromising the validity of the assessment.

Question 8

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is a change to the brain often observed in people with chronic alcoholism?

Accepted Answer

While alcoholism can cause atrophy of the cerebral cortex, damage to the cerebellum, and shrinkage or lesions in the diencephalon, lesions in the temporal lobe are not commonly observed.

Question 9

__________ is the most common degenerative brain disease,and __________ is the degenerative brain disease with the earliest typical age of onset.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer's is the most common degenerative brain disease, while Huntington's chorea is the degenerative brain disease with the earliest typical age of onset. Parkinson's is also a degenerative brain disease, but it is not the earliest or most common of the three options given.

Question 10

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test is best used to assess

Accepted Answer

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test is specifically designed to assess abstract reasoning, problem-solving, and cognitive flexibility. It is not useful for assessing premorbid functioning, overall intelligence, or memory.

Question 11

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Both options A and B are incorrect. Some neurodiagnostic procedures, such as a lumbar puncture or brain biopsy, can pose physical risks for the patient and are physically invasive.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a memory test based on visual stimuli?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 13

When a neuropsychologist presents the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure to an examinee,the neuropsychologist instructs the examinee to

Accepted Answer

The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure task is commonly used to assess a person's visuospatial and visual memory abilities. The examinee is instructed to first copy the figure, and then draw it from memory after a delay of 30 minutes or more. This allows the neuropsychologist to compare the accuracy of the copy to the recall, and to identify any errors or omissions in the drawing that may indicate areas of cognitive impairment. Sorting the pieces, building from a model, or counting shapes would not provide the same insights into visuospatial and memory abilities.

Question 14

Dr.Cao,a neuropsychologist,is testing a brain-injured patient and wants an estimate of the patient's premorbid level of functioning.For this purpose,Dr.Cao should consider administering the __________ subtests of the WAIS-IV.

Accepted Answer

To estimate a patient's premorbid level of functioning, Dr. Cao should administer subtests that assess crystallized intelligence, which refers to a person's acquired knowledge and verbal abilities that tend to remain stable even after brain injury. The Information, Comprehension, and Vocabulary subtests of the WAIS-IV assess crystallized intelligence and are thus the most appropriate for this purpose. While other subtests may also provide useful information about a patient's cognitive abilities, they may not be as relevant to estimating their premorbid level of functioning.

Question 15

The neuropsychologist may interpret neuropsychological tests according to

Accepted Answer

The neuropsychologist may interpret neuropsychological tests according to all of the above criteria: differences between a patient's scores and the norms for others in his/her reference group, differences between two tests completed by the same patient, and the specific pattern of test scores obtained by a patient. These different approaches allow the neuropsychologist to gain a comprehensive understanding of a patient's cognitive strengths and weaknesses, and to develop an individualized treatment plan tailored to their needs.

Question 16

Dr.Tobin,a neuropsychologist,receives a referral for an individual who was in a car accident,and the referral source is interested in changes to the person's functioning as a result of the accident.If no baseline data is available,how would Dr.Tobin best estimate the person's premorbid (pre-accident)functioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Tobin,a neuropsychologist,receives a referral for an individual...

Question 17

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The standard battery approach to neuropsychological assessment posits that all patients should receive the same set of tests, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation across a wide range of cognitive domains. This approach contrasts with more tailored or hypothesis-driven assessments.

Question 18

Dennis's friends bring him to the ER late one night following blows to his head that have left him unable to say where he is or even what day it is.Someone assessing Dennis's neuropsychological status would say that he has impaired

Accepted Answer

Dennis is unable to say where he is or even what day it is, indicating that he has impaired orientation.

Question 19

Neuropsychological damage can result in linguistic problems such as paraphasias,which are best described as

Accepted Answer

Paraphasias are best described as word substitutions or a language output that involves the use of an incorrect word or sound.

Question 20

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test involves

Accepted Answer

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test involves sorting cards based on different principles (color, shape, number), and the rules for sorting change without warning. The cards do not match the descriptions in options A, B, or C, making D the correct choice.

Quiz 18: Neuropsychology

Neurological damage can result in

Ted has been an alcoholic for 20 years and is experiencing brain damage due to poor nutrition.The most likely diagnosis in this case is

Which of the following provides a better sense of the "working" brain than more traditional neurodiagnostic procedures?

General language impairment is known as ,and specific impairment in naming things is known as .

Ever since her stroke,Julia has been unable to recognize ordinary objects,although she is able to describe their features.Julia appears to have

An investigation by Ivnik et al.(2000) on the validity of four different approaches to interpreting test data concluded that

ALL BUT WHICH of the following is a change to the brain often observed in people with chronic alcoholism?

is the most common degenerative brain disease,and is the degenerative brain disease with the earliest typical age of onset.

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test is best used to assess

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is NOT a memory test based on visual stimuli?

When a neuropsychologist presents the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure to an examinee,the neuropsychologist instructs the examinee to

Dr.Cao,a neuropsychologist,is testing a brain-injured patient and wants an estimate of the patient's premorbid level of functioning.For this purpose,Dr.Cao should consider administering the __________ subtests of the WAIS-IV.

The neuropsychologist may interpret neuropsychological tests according to

Which of the following is true?

Dennis's friends bring him to the ER late one night following blows to his head that have left him unable to say where he is or even what day it is.Someone assessing Dennis's neuropsychological status would say that he has impaired

Neuropsychological damage can result in linguistic problems such as paraphasias,which are best described as

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test involves